NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Generalissimo

Generalissimo or Generalissimus is a military rank of the highest degree, superior to a Field Marshal or Grand Admiral. Image File history File links Question_book-3. ... Download high resolution version (500x689, 67 KB)The Revolutionary: Francisco de Miranda This image is in the public domain because its copyright has expired in the United States and those countries with a copyright term of life of the author plus 100 years. ... Download high resolution version (500x689, 67 KB)The Revolutionary: Francisco de Miranda This image is in the public domain because its copyright has expired in the United States and those countries with a copyright term of life of the author plus 100 years. ... Francisco de Miranda SebastiÃ¡n Francisco de Miranda RodrÃguez (commonly known as Francisco de Miranda March 28, 1750 â€“ July 14, 1816) was a South American revolutionary whose own plan for the independence of the Spanish American colonies failed, but who is regarded as a forerunner of SimÃ³n Bol... Note: This article is about the military usage of the word marshal. For other usages, see the end of this article. ... German Grand Admiral Sleeve Insignia Grand Admiral Shoulder Insignia In the German Navy the rank of Grand Admiral (GroÃŸadmiral) was considered the highest Naval rank. ...

Usage

The word "generalissimo" comes from the Italian generale, general, plus the suffix -issimo, meaning "utmost, to the highest grade". The rank was historically given to a military officer leading an entire army or the entire armed forces, only subordinated to the Sovereign. The contemporary use of "generalissimo", has in the English language come to refer to a military officer who has obtained political power by a military coup, or in some cases one who has suspended pre-existing constitutional mechanisms in order to retain power by means of a military hierarchy. Look up sovereign in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Coup redirects here. ...

Famous generalissimos

China

Chiang Kai-Shek from http://www. ... Chiang Kai-Shek from http://www. ... Chiang Kai-shek (October 31, 1887 â€“ April 5, 1975) was the Chinese military and political leader who assumed the leadership of the Kuomintang (KMT) after the death of Sun Yat-sen in 1925. ... Chiang Kai-shek (October 31, 1887 â€“ April 5, 1975) was the Chinese military and political leader who assumed the leadership of the Kuomintang (KMT) after the death of Sun Yat-sen in 1925. ... Statue of Yue Fei, from the Yue Fei Mausoleum in Hangzhou. ...

Dominican Republic

This article is about Rafael L. Trujillo, former dictator of the Dominican Republic. ...

Cuba

Maximo Gomez y Baez (born ) was a general in the Ten_Years_War and the Cuban War for Independence. ...

France

Henry III of France (September 19, 1551 â€“ August 2, 1589), also Henry of Poland (also called Henry of Valois, Henryk Walezy), born Alexandre-Ã‰douard of France, was a member of the House of Valois. ... Henry I, Duke of Guise Coat of arms of the Duke of Guise Henry I, Prince of Joinville, Duke of Guise, Count of Eu (January 31, 1550 â€“ December 23, 1588, ChÃ¢teau de Blois), sometimes called Le BalafrÃ©, the scarred, was the eldest son of Francis, Duke of Guise and... Louis II de Bourbon, Prince de CondÃ© Louis II de Bourbon, Prince de CondÃ© (September 8, 1621 â€“ November 11, 1686) was the most celebrated representative of Princes de CondÃ© and one of the most brilliant generals of the 17th century. ... A database query syntax error has occurred. ... Marshal Villars of France. ... Maurice de Saxe, Marshal General of France, in 1748 Maurice, comte de Saxe (German Moritz Graf von Sachsen) (28 October 1696 â€“ 20 November 1750), Marshal of France and later also Marshal General of France. ... Nicolas Jean de Dieu Soult, duc de Dalmatie (March 29, 1769 â€“ November 26, 1851) was a French general and statesman, named Marshal of France in 1804. ... Ferdinand Foch OM GCB (October 2, 1851 â€“ March 20, 1929) was a French soldier, military theorist, and writer credited with possessing the most original and subtle mind in the French Army in the early 20th century. ... Map of the World showing the participants in World War I. Those fighting on the Allies side (at one point or another) are depicted in green, the Central Powers in orange, and neutral countries in gray. ... Maurice Gamelin Maurice Gustave Gamelin (September 20, 1872 - April 18, 1958) was a French general. ...

Germany:

The Holy Roman Empire / Austrian Empire

Albrecht von Wallenstein Albrecht Wenzel Eusebius von Wallenstein (also Waldstein, Czech: Albrecht VÃ¡clav Eusebius z ValdÅ¡tejna), September 24, 1583 â€“ February 25, 1634) was a Bohemian soldier and politician who gave his services (an army of 30,000 to 100,000 men) during the Danish Period of the Thirty... Raimondo, Count of Montecuccoli or Montecucculi (born February 21, 1608 or 1609 at the castle of Montecucculo in Modena; died October 16, 1680 at Linz) was prince of the holy Roman Empire and Neapolitan duke of Melfi, Austrian general. ... Prince Eugen von Savoyen in a contemporary painting FranÃ§ois-EugÃ¨ne, Prince of Savoy-Carignan, known as Prinz Eugen von Savoyen in German and Eugenio, Principe di Savoia in Italian (October 18, 1663 â€“ April 24, 1736) was arguable the greatest general to serve the Habsburgs. ... Leopold Josef Graf Daun, FÃ¼rst von Thiano (Count Leopold Joseph von Daun or Dhaun) (September 24, 1705 â€“ February 5, 1766), Prince of Thiano, Austrian field marshal, was born at Vienna. ... Josef Wenzel Karl, Prince of Liechtenstein (August 9, 1696, Prague - February 10, 1772, Vienna) was a prince of Liechtenstein between 1748 and 1772. ... Victorious Archduke Charles of Austria during the Battle of Aspern_Essling (May 21_22, 1809) The epileptic younger brother of Holy Roman Emperor Francis II, Archduke Charles of Austria (Erzherzog Karl) (September 5, 1771 - April 30, 1847) achieved respect both as a commander and as a reformer of Austrias army. ... Schwarzenberg Monument at Schwarzenbergplatz, Vienna Karl Philipp FÃ¼rst zu Schwarzenberg (or Prince Charles Philip of Schwarzenberg (April 18, 1771 â€“ October 15, 1820), Austrian Feldmarshall, was born at Vienna. ...

Mexico

Antonio de Padua MarÃa Severino LÃ³pez de Santa Anna y PÃ©rez de LebrÃ³n (February 21, 1794 â€“ June 21, 1876), also known simply as Santa Anna, was a Mexican political leader who greatly influenced early Mexican and Spanish politics and government, first fighting against independence from Spain...

Poland

Noble Family OssoliÅ„ski Coat of Arms TopÃ³r Parents Jan Zbigniew Ossolinski Anna Firlej Consorts Izabella DaniÅ‚owicz Children with Izabella DaniÅ‚owicz Franciszek OssoliÅ„ski Urszula Brygida OssoliÅ„ska Helena Tekla OssoliÅ„ska Anna Teresa OssoliÅ„ska Date of Birth December 15, 1595 Place of Birth Sandomierz Date... Noble Family Poniatowski Coat of Arms CioÅ‚ek Parents Andrzej Poniatowski Teresa Kinsky Sibling Maria Teresa Tyszkiewiczowa Consorts none Children with Zelia SitaÅ„ska: JÃ³zef SzczÄ™sny Poniatowski; with Zofia Czosnowska: Karol JÃ³zef Poniatowski. ...

Russia and the Soviet Union

There were four holders of the Russian rank or title "generalissimus" prior to the 20th century. Menshikov both commanded military forces and ruled absolutely; two others, Aleksei Shein and Aleksandr Suvorov, were principally field commanders rather than political figures, and hence are listed below. Anthony Ulrich II, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (1714–1776), was appointed generalissimus by his wife Anna Leopoldovna but neither commanded nor ruled. Aleksei Semyonovich Shein (Алексей Семенович Шеин in Russian) (1662 - February 12, 1700), Russian commander and statesman, the first Russian Generalissimus, boyar, grandson of Mikhail Shein. ... Monument to Suvorov as youthful Mars, the Roman god of war (Italy (November 24, 1729 - May 18, 1800), was a Russian Generalissimo, reckoned one of a few great generals in history who never lost a battle. ... Anthony Ulrich (German: Anton Ulrich; 28 August 1714, Bevern â€“ 4 May 1774, Kholmogory), Duke of Brunswick-LÃ¼neburg, was generalissimus of the Army of Russia, and husband to Anna Leopoldovna, who was regent of Russia for one year. ... Anna Leopoldovna (А́нна Леопо́льдовна) (1718 - 18 March 1746), also known as Anna Karlovna (А́нна Ка́рловна), regent of Russia for a few months...

Aleksei Semyonovich Shein (Алексей Семенович Шеин in Russian) (1662 - February 12, 1700), Russian commander and statesman, the first Russian Generalissimus, boyar, grandson of Mikhail Shein. ... Menshikov in Exile Aleksandr Danilovich Menshikov (ÐÐ»ÐµÐºÑÐ°Ð½Ð´Ñ€ Ð”Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð»Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ñ‡ ÐœÐµÐ½ÑˆÐ¸ÐºÐ¾Ð²) (1673 â€“ 1729) was a Russian statesman, whose official titles included Generalissimo, Prince of the Holy Roman Empire and Duke of Izhora. ... Anthony Ulrich (German: Anton Ulrich; 28 August 1714, Bevern â€“ 4 May 1774, Kholmogory), Duke of Brunswick-LÃ¼neburg, was generalissimus of the Army of Russia, and husband to Anna Leopoldovna, who was regent of Russia for one year. ... Monument to Suvorov as youthful Mars, the Roman god of war (Italy (November 24, 1729 - May 18, 1800), was a Russian Generalissimo, reckoned one of a few great generals in history who never lost a battle. ... Josef Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili (Georgian: , Ioseb Besarionis Dze Jughashvili; Russian: , Iosif Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili) (December 18 [O.S. December 6] 1878[1] â€“ March 5, 1953), better known by his adopted name, Joseph Stalin (alternatively transliterated Josef Stalin), was General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Unions Central Committee from...

Kingdom of Spain

For a time Baldomero Espartero and the Prince of the Peace, Manuel Godoy, were called generalissimo. The tomb of Don Juan de Austria in San Lorenzo de El Escorial Don John of Austria (February 24, 1547 - October 1, 1578), also known as Juan de Austria and Don Juan de Austria, was an illegitimate son of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor. ... â€œFrancoâ€ redirects here. ... 1892 (MDCCCXCII) was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Year 1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Baldomero Espartero (1793 - 1879) was a Spanish general and political figure. ... Manuel de Godoy (May 12, 1767 â€“ October 4, 1851) was a Spanish statesman. ...

Sweden

Count Lennart Torstenson (August 17, 1603 - April 7, 1651) was a Swedish soldier and military engineer and the son of Torsten Lennartson, commandant of Ã„lvsborg Fortress. ... Charles X Gustav (Karl X Gustav) (November 8, 1622 â€“ February 13, 1660), was King of Sweden from 1654 until his death. ... Charles XIV John (Swedish: Carl XIV Johan), born Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte (January 26, 1763 â€“ March 8, 1844) was King of Sweden and Norway (where he was known as Karl III Johan) from 1818 until his death. ... 1763 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Jan. ...

Venezuela

Francisco de Miranda SebastiÃ¡n Francisco de Miranda RodrÃguez (commonly known as Francisco de Miranda March 28, 1750 â€“ July 14, 1816) was a South American revolutionary whose own plan for the independence of the Spanish American colonies failed, but who is regarded as a forerunner of SimÃ³n Bol...

United States of America

On October 11, 1976, by Act of Congress, Washington was posthumously appointed "to the grade of "General of the Armies of the United States". The appointment was backdated to July 4, 1776 and was a designation that, by law, made George Washington the most-senior United States military officer. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (3730x4533, 1254 KB) Description U.S. General John Pershing. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (3730x4533, 1254 KB) Description U.S. General John Pershing. ... Photo portrait from May 1917 New York Times John Joseph Black Jack Pershing (September 13, 1860 – July 15, 1948) was a soldier in the United States Army. ... George Washington (February 22, 1732 â€“ December 14, 1799)[1] led Americas Continental Army to victory over Britain in the American Revolutionary War (1775â€“1783), and in 1789 was elected the first President of the United States of America. ... In the United States Army military hierarchy, General of the Armies is traditionally considered a rank superior to a five-star general. ...

John Joseph Black Jack Pershing (September 13, 1860 â€“ July 15, 1948) was an officer in the United States Army. ... General of the Armies of the United States is the highest possible rank in the United States military hierarchy, equal to a Generalissimo. ... George Dewey (December 26, 1837 â€“ January 16, 1917) was an admiral of the United States Navy, best known for his victory (without the loss of a single life of his own forces due to combat; one man died of a heart attack) at the Battle of Manila Bay during the... In the United States Navy, Admiral of the Navy is traditionally considered the equivalent of a six-star Admiral. ...

Venice

Portrait of Venetian nobleman and admiral Pietro Loredan, by Tintoretto Pietro Loredan (died 1439, Venice) was a Venetian nobleman and admiral. ...

Other italians

Cesare Borgia. ... Mussolini redirects here. ... Victor Emmanuel III (Italian: ; 11 November 1869 â€“ 28 December 1947) was King of Italy (29 July 1900 â€“ 9 May 1946), Emperor of Ethiopia (1936â€“43) and King of Albania (1939â€“43). ...

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