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Encyclopedia > Genital tubercle

A genital tubercle is a body of tissue which forms in the ventral, caudal region of mammalian embryos of both sexes, and eventually develops into a phallus. In the human fetus the genital tubercle develops around week 4 of gestation, and by week 9 becomes recognizably either a clitoris or penis.


The genital tubercle is sensitive to dihydrotestosterone and rich in 5-alpha-reductase, so that the amount of fetal testosterone present after the second month is a major determinant of phallus size at birth.


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  Results from FactBites:
 
XI. Splanchnology. 3. The Urogenital Apparatus. Gray, Henry. 1918. Anatomy of the Human Body. (3757 words)
The portions which lie in the genital core fuse to form the uterus and vagina; the parts in front of this cord remain separate, and each forms the corresponding uterine tube—the abdominal ostium of which is developed from the anterior extremity of the original tubular invagination from the celom (Fig.
Beard, 176 on the other hand, maintains that in the skate they are not derived from this epithelium, but are probably formed during the later stages of cell cleavage, before there is any trace of an embryo; and a similar view was advanced by Nussbaum as to their origin in amphibia.
The genital swellings extend around between the pelvic portion and the anus, and form a scrotal area; during the changes associated with the descent of the testes this area is drawn out to form the scrotal sacs.
Endotext.com - Pediatric Endocrinology, Sexual Differentiation (5050 words)
The Müllerian tubercle demarcates the cranial vesicourethral canal from the caudal urogenital sinus.
The urethral plate, an extension of the urogenital sinus which is present within the genital tubercle from the earliest stages of development (172), lies in the roof of the primary urethral groove and extends to the tip of the phallus.
The insensitivity of the male genital tubercle to high levels of androgens during the second trimester is not due to a low expression of the androgen receptor or of 5 α-reductase type 2 in the corpora cavernosa (176).
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