| Geography of Australia |
 | | Continent | Australia | | Region | Oceania | | Coordinates | 27° S 144° E | | Area | Ranked 6th
7,686,850 km²
2,967,910 mi²
99% land
1% water | | Coastline | 25,760 km (16,000 mi) | | Borders | 0 km | | Highest point | Mawson Peak
2,745 metres (9,006 feet) | | Lowest point | Lake Eyre
-15 m (49 ft) | | Longest river | Darling River | | Largest lake | Lake Eyre | The geography of Australia encompasses a wide variety of biogeographic regions being the world's smallest continent but the sixth-largest country in the world. The population of Australia is concentrated along the eastern and southeastern coasts. The geography of the country is extremely diverse, ranging from the snow capped mountains of Tasmania to large deserts, tropical and temperate forests. Download high resolution version (800x672, 84 KB)This is a file from the Wikimedia Commons, a repository of free content hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation. ...
For other uses, see Oceania (disambiguation). ...
This is a list of the countries of the world sorted by area. ...
Mawson Peak is a peak on Heard Island, an Australian territory in the Southern Ocean. ...
This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
The Darling River is the longest river in Australia, flowing 2,739km from northern New South Wales to its confluence with the Murray River at Wentworth, New South Wales. ...
This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
Biogeography is the science which deals with patterns of species distribution and the processes that result in such patterns. ...
The Australian continental shelf (light blue) is contiguous with New Guinea, but not with other Pacific islands like New Zealand. ...
Snow is a type of precipitation in the form of crystalline water ice, consisting of a multitude of snowflakes that fall from clouds. ...
Mount Cook, a mountain in New Zealand A mountain is a landform that extends above the surrounding terrain in a limited area. ...
Slogan or Nickname: Island of Inspiration; The Apple Isle; Holiday Isle Motto(s): Ubertas et Fidelitas (Fertility and Faithfulness) Other Australian states and territories Capital Hobart Government Constitutional monarchy Governor William Cox Premier Paul Lennon (ALP) Federal representation - House seats 5 - Senate seats 12 Gross State Product (2004-05) - Product...
A dune in the Egyptian desert In geography, a desert is a landscape form or region that receives little precipitation. ...
Neighbouring countries include Indonesia, East Timor and Papua New Guinea to the north, the Solomon Islands, Vanuatu and the French dependency of New Caledonia to the northeast, and New Zealand to the southeast.
Physical geography
Australia is a continent in Oceania located between the Indian Ocean and the South Pacific Ocean at 27°S 144°E / -27, 144. It is the sixth largest country in the world with a total area of 7,686,850 square kilometres (2,967,909 sq. mi) (including Lord Howe Island and Macquarie Island), making it slightly smaller than the contiguous 48 states of the United States and 31.5 times bigger than the United Kingdom. For other uses, see Oceania (disambiguation). ...
Countries by area. ...
Square kilometre (U.S. spelling: square kilometer), symbol km², is a decimal multiple of SI unit of surface area square metre, one of the SI derived units. ...
A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (≈1,609 m) in length. ...
For the island off Solomon Islands, see Ontong Java Atoll Lord Howe Island is a small island in the Pacific Ocean 600 km (373 mi) east of the Australian mainland. ...
Macquarie Island lies in the southwest corner of the Pacific Ocean, about half-way between Australia and Antarctica. ...
Australia has a total 25,760 kilometres (16,007 mi) of coastline and claims an extensive Exclusive Economic Zone of 8,148,250 square kilometres (3,146,057 sq. mi). This exclusive economic zone does not include the Australian Antarctic Territory. It has no land borders. “km†redirects here. ...
“Miles†redirects here. ...
Sea areas in international rights Under the law of the sea, an Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) is a seazone over which a state has special rights over the exploration and use of marine resources. ...
A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (≈1,609 m) in length. ...
The Australian Antarctic Territory (AAT) is the part of Antarctica claimed by Australia. ...
The western half of Australia consists of the Western Plateau, which rises to mountain heights near the west coast and falls to lower elevations near the continental center. The Western Plateau region is generally flat, though broken by various mountain ranges such as the Hamersley Range, the MacDonnell Range, and the Musgrave Range. Surface water is generally lacking in the Western Plateau, although there are several larger rivers in the west and north such as the Murchison, Ashburton, and Victoria rivers. The Western Plateau is Australias largest drainage division. ...
Location of the Murchison River The Murchison River is the second longest river in Western Australia. ...
Ashburton River at Nanutarra. ...
Location of Victoria River in the Northern Territory (red) Victoria River is a location in the Northern Territory. ...
The Eastern Highlands, or Great Dividing Range, lie near the eastern coast of Australia, separating the relatively narrow eastern coastal plain from the rest of the continent. The Eastern Highlands have the greatest relief, the most rainfall, the most abundant and varied flora and fauna, and the densest human settlement.
Between the Eastern Highlands and the Western Plateau lie the Central Lowlands, which are made up of the Great Artesian Basin and Australia's largest river systems, Murray-Darling Basin and Lake Eyre Basin. Semi-arid grazing country near Burra Creek, South Australia The Murray-Darling Basin being 3430km long, drains one-seventh of the Australian land mass and is currently by far the most significant agricultural area in Australia. ...
This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
Off the eastern coast of Australia is the world's largest coral reef complex, the Great Barrier Reef. The large and mountainous island of Tasmania lies off the southeastern coast of Australia. The Great Barrier Reef is the worlds largest coral reef system,[1][2] composed of roughly 3,000 individual reefs and 900 islands stretching for 2,600 kilometres (1,616 mi) over an area of approximately 344,400 square kilometres (132,974 sq mi). ...
Slogan or Nickname: Island of Inspiration; The Apple Isle; Holiday Isle Motto(s): Ubertas et Fidelitas (Fertility and Faithfulness) Other Australian states and territories Capital Hobart Government Constitutional monarchy Governor William Cox Premier Paul Lennon (ALP) Federal representation - House seats 5 - Senate seats 12 Gross State Product (2004-05) - Product...
 View from Connors Hill in East Gippsland Shire, Victoria, Australia. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (4289x1067, 1167 KB) View from Connors Hill in East Gippsland Shire File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ...
Image File history File links Download high resolution version (4289x1067, 1167 KB) View from Connors Hill in East Gippsland Shire File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ...
Geology -
Australia has had a relatively stable geological history. Geological forces such as Tectonic uplift of mountain ranges or clashes between tectonic plates occurred mainly in Australia's early history, when it was still a part of Gondwana. Erosion and weathering have heavily weathered Australia's surface and it is one of the flattest countries in the world. Basic geological regions of Australia, by age. ...
Look up preston in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
For other uses of Gondwana and Gondwanaland, see Gondwana (disambiguation). ...
Australia is situated in the middle of the tectonic plate, and therefore has no active volcanism, although it may sometimes receive minor earthquakes. The terrain is mostly heavily weathered, low plateau with deserts, rangelands and a fertile plain in the southeast. Tasmania and the Australian Alps do not contain any permanent icefields or glaciers, although they may have existed in the past. The Great Barrier Reef, by far the world's largest coral reef, lies a short distance off the north-east coast. Mount Augustus, in Western Australia, is the largest monolith in the world. For other uses, see Plateau (disambiguation). ...
Looking across everlastings on Mt Hotham to Mt Feathertop; during winter these mountains are blanketed in snow The Australian Alps The Australian Alps are the highest mountain ranges of mainland Australia. ...
An ice field (also called an icefield) is a flat land area covered by ice, usually formed by long periods of snow. ...
This article is about the geological formation. ...
The Great Barrier Reef is the worlds largest coral reef system,[1][2] composed of roughly 3,000 individual reefs and 900 islands stretching for 2,600 kilometres (1,616 mi) over an area of approximately 344,400 square kilometres (132,974 sq mi). ...
Extant Subclasses and Orders Alcyonaria Alcyonacea Helioporacea Zoantharia Antipatharia Corallimorpharia Scleractinia Zoanthidea [1][2] See Anthozoa for details For other uses, see Coral (disambiguation). ...
For other uses, see Reef (disambiguation). ...
Mount Augustus National Park in Western Australia, 852 km north of Perth, is a national park based around the largest monolith in the world called Mount Augustus, or Burringurrah as it is known by the local Wadjari Aboriginal people. ...
Slogan or Nickname: Wildflower State or the Golden State Other Australian states and territories Capital Perth Government Constitutional monarchy Governor Ken Michael Premier Alan Carpenter (ALP) Federal representation - House seats 15 - Senate seats 12 Gross State Product (2005-06) - Product ($m) $107,910 (4th) - Product per capita $53,134/person...
A monolith is a geological or technological feature such as a mountain, consisting of a single massive stone or rock. ...
Regions Australia is the lowest, flattest, and oldest continental landmass on Earth. Its highest peak is Mount Kosciuszko (2228 m), very small in comparison to other continents. The Australian Continental Landmass consists of 4 distinct landform divisions.[citation needed]
The Eastern Highlands cover just 50% of the continent and run in a strip up to 200km wide along the east coast, from the Cape York Peninsula to Tasmania. In many places the highlands are quite rugged, and deep valleys and gorges are a common feature due to the result of erosion from rivers and streams cutting into the softer rock. The majority of the Highlands are composed of faulted or folded igneous rock uplayed over sandstone rock. This provides evidence to the theory of volcanic activity occurring in the Great Dividing Range. Volcanic cones have also been eroded, leaving towers of hard rock that plugged the vents into the earth's surface. While not very high by international standards, the ranges and tablelands that make up the eastern highlands are rugged enough to influence the region's climate, soils, vegetation, settlement patterns, and land uses. The name "Great Dividing Range" is derived from the role the highlands play in dividing the Queensland, New South Wales, and Victorian Rivers into eastward or westward flowing rivers. The Great Divide runs around the entire eastern and south-eastern edge of Australia The Great Dividing Range, also known as the Eastern Highlands, is Australias most substantial mountain range. ...
The Central Lowlands are a low-lying , largely featureless plain, the majority of which are less than 200m above sea-level. This geographical area occupies approximately 25% of the Australian continent and contains much of the Arid/Semi-Arid Zone of Australia. The lowlands are primarily composed of sediment deposited on the floor of an ancient inland sea, whose occurrence resulted as an effect of isolation of Australia from Gondwanaland, the large supercontinent that Australia was once a part. Landform features include salt-pans and sand ridges. The Central Lowlands are home to these physical landforms: This article is about the ancient supercontinent of Gondwana. ...
- The Simpson Desert, reaching an elevation of 40m and occupying an area of approximately 170 000 square kilometres.
- Australia's largest lake, Lake Eyre, which covers an area of about 9500 square kilometres. It drains the Lake Eyre Basin. At 15m below sea-level it is Australia's lowest point. It has only been filled with water three times during the past century and is usually a salt-pan.
- Australia's largest River Catchment, the Murray-Darling Basin.
The Coastal Plains is a narrow strip that extends along the Eastern edge of the continent. The coastal plains, consisting of Australias largest cities Brisbane, Sydney, Melbourne and Adelaide are densely populated. Over 80% of Australia's Population can be found in the strip from Brisbane to Adelaide alone. Ted Colsons expedition across the Simpson Desert in 1936 The Simpson Desert occupies approximately 170,000 square kilometres of central Australia[1]. It is bounded to the west by the Finke River and Mabel Range, to the north by Adam Range, to the east by the Georgina and Diamantina...
This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
Semi-arid grazing country near Burra Creek, South Australia The Murray-Darling Basin being 3430km long, drains one-seventh of the Australian land mass and is currently by far the most significant agricultural area in Australia. ...
The Western Plateau covers the western two thirds of the continent. It is made up of a huge, stable block of ancient igneous and metamorphic rock which is up to 3.6 billion years old. This block has been leveled, due to millions of years of erosion and weathering. It is generally flat and low, under 500m above sea level.
Hydrology The Great Artesian Basin - an important source of water, it is the world's largest and deepest fresh water basin. A number of towns and cities across the country are facing major water storage and usage crisis in which restrictions and other measures are taken to reduce water consumption. Water restrictions are based on a gradient of activities that become progressively banned as the situation worsens. Topography of Australia image description here larger version here Image courtesy: NASA/JPL-Caltech File links The following pages link to this file: Geography of Australia Categories: NASA images ...
Topography of Australia image description here larger version here Image courtesy: NASA/JPL-Caltech File links The following pages link to this file: Geography of Australia Categories: NASA images ...
Lightning Ridge bathing thermes supplied by artesian bore water Hot water bore hole into the Great Artesian Basin in Thargomindah The Great Artesian Basin provides the only reliable source of water through much of inland Australia. ...
Impact from a water drop causes an upward rebound jet surrounded by circular capillary waves. ...
A drainage basin is the area within the drainage basin divide (blue outline), and drains the surface runoff and river discharge (green lines) of a contiguous area. ...
In economics, consumption refers to the final use of goods and services to provide utility. ...
Political geography -
 States and territories of Australia Australia consists of six states, two major mainland territories, and other minor territories. The states are New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria and Western Australia. The two major mainland territories are the Northern Territory and the Australian Capital Territory. The states and territories of Australia make up the Commonwealth of Australia under a federal system of government. ...
Map of Australia showing the states and capital cities. ...
Map of Australia showing the states and capital cities. ...
“NSW†redirects here. ...
Slogan or Nickname: Sunshine State, Smart State Motto(s): Audax at Fidelis (Bold but Faithful) Other Australian states and territories Capital Brisbane Government Constitutional monarchy Governor Quentin Bryce Premier Anna Bligh (ALP) Federal representation - House seats 28 - Senate seats 12 Gross State Product (2004-05) - Product ($m) $158,506 (3rd...
Capital Adelaide Government Constitutional monarchy Governor Marjorie Jackson-Nelson Premier Mike Rann (ALP) Federal representation - House seats 11 - Senate seats 12 Gross State Product (2004-05) - Product ($m) $59,819 (5th) - Product per capita $38,838/person (7th) Population (End of September 2006) - Population 1,558,200 (5th) - Density 1. ...
Slogan or Nickname: Island of Inspiration; The Apple Isle; Holiday Isle Motto(s): Ubertas et Fidelitas (Fertility and Faithfulness) Other Australian states and territories Capital Hobart Government Constitutional monarchy Governor William Cox Premier Paul Lennon (ALP) Federal representation - House seats 5 - Senate seats 12 Gross State Product (2004-05) - Product...
VIC redirects here. ...
Slogan or Nickname: Wildflower State or the Golden State Other Australian states and territories Capital Perth Government Constitutional monarchy Governor Ken Michael Premier Alan Carpenter (ALP) Federal representation - House seats 15 - Senate seats 12 Gross State Product (2005-06) - Product ($m) $107,910 (4th) - Product per capita $53,134/person...
For similar terms, see Northern Territories (disambiguation) Slogan or Nickname: The Territory, The NT, The Top End Motto(s): none Other Australian states and territories Capital Darwin Government Constitutional monarchy Administrator Ted Egan Chief Minister Clare Martin (ALP) Federal representation - House seats 2 - Senate seats 2 Gross Territorial Product (2004...
Capital Canberra Government Constitutional monarchy Administrator none Chief Minister Jon Stanhope (ALP) Federal representation - House seats 2 - Senate seats 2 Gross Territorial Product (2006) - Product ($m) $19,167 (6th) - Product per capita $57,303/person (1st) Population (End of November 2006) - Population 333,667 (7th) - Density 137. ...
Australia also has several minor territories; the federal government administers a separate area within New South Wales, the Jervis Bay Territory, as a naval base and sea port for the national capital. In addition Australia has the following, inhabited, external territories: Norfolk Island, Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, and several largely uninhabited external territories: Ashmore and Cartier Islands, Coral Sea Islands, Heard Island and McDonald Islands and the Australian Antarctic Territory. The Jervis Bay Territory is a territory of the Commonwealth of Australia. ...
The Australian Antarctic Territory (AAT) is the part of Antarctica claimed by Australia. ...
Climate -
By far the largest part of Australia is desert or semi-arid Р40% of the landmass is covered by sand dunes. Only the south-east and south-west corners have a temperate climate and moderately fertile soil. The northern part of the country has a tropical climate: part is tropical rainforests, part grasslands, and part desert. Climate map of Australia, based on K̦ppen classification. ...
Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1000x905, 40 KB)A climate map of Australia drawn in Illustrator. ...
Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1000x905, 40 KB)A climate map of Australia drawn in Illustrator. ...
This article is about arid terrain. ...
Semi-arid generally describes regions that receive low annual rainfall (25 to 50 cm /10 to 20 in) and generally have scrub or grass vegetation. ...
This article is about the sand formations, for other meanings see Dune (disambiguation) Mesquite Flat Dunes in Death Valley National Park In physical geography, a dune is a hill of sand built by eolian (wind-related) processes. ...
The Daintree Rainforest in Queensland, Australia. ...
In response to the changing climate, there are several environmental activist groups and campaigners working together with the community to change the look on the environment. One such campaign is the Big Switch. [1]
Rainfall is highly variable, with frequent droughts lasting several seasons thought to be caused in part by the El Niño-Southern Oscillation. Occasionally a duststorm will blanket a region or even several states and there are reports of the occasional large tornado. Rising levels of salinity and desertification in some areas is ravaging the landscape. Drought in Australia is defined as rainfall over a three month period being in the lowest decile of what has been recorded for that region in the past. ...
This article is about the global coupled ocean-atmosphere phenomenon. ...
This article is about the weather phenomenon. ...
Annual mean sea surface salinity for the World Ocean. ...
Australia's tropical/subtropical location and cold waters off the western coast make most of western Australia a hot desert with aridity, a marked feature of greater part of the continent. These cold waters produce precious little moisture needed on the mainland. A 2005 study by Australian and American researchers [1] investigated the desertification of the interior, and suggested that one explanation was related to human settlers who arrived about 50,000 years ago. Regular burning by these settlers could have prevented monsoons from reaching interior Australia. Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
A family of Russian settlers in the Caucasus region, ca. ...
Bold text[[ // [[Image:Media:Example. ...
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| | Natural resources include: bauxite, coal, iron ore, copper, tin, gold, silver, uranium, nickel, tungsten, mineral sands, lead, zinc, diamonds, natural gas, petroleum. Image File history File links Gnome_globe_current_event. ...
Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ...
Bauxite with penny Bauxite with core of unweathered rock Bauxite is an aluminium ore. ...
Coal Coal (IPA: ) is a fossil fuel formed in swamp ecosystems where plant remains were saved by water and mud from oxidization and biodegradation. ...
For other uses, see Iron (disambiguation). ...
Copper has played a significant part in the history of mankind, which has used the easily accessible uncompounded metal for nearly 10,000 years. ...
This article is about the metallic chemical element. ...
GOLD refers to one of the following: GOLD (IEEE) is an IEEE program designed to garner more student members at the university level (Graduates of the Last Decade). ...
This article is about the chemical element. ...
General Name, symbol, number uranium, U, 92 Chemical series actinides Group, period, block n/a, 7, f Appearance silvery gray metallic; corrodes to a spalling black oxide coat in air Standard atomic weight 238. ...
For other uses, see Nickel (disambiguation). ...
For other uses, see Tungsten (disambiguation). ...
For other uses, see Mineral (disambiguation). ...
This article is about the metal. ...
General Name, symbol, number zinc, Zn, 30 Chemical series transition metals Group, period, block 12, 4, d Appearance bluish pale gray Standard atomic weight 65. ...
This article is about the mineral. ...
This article is about the fossil fuel. ...
Pumpjack pumping an oil well near Lubbock, Texas Ignacy Åukasiewicz - inventor of the refining of kerosene from crude oil. ...
Land use:
- arable land: 6.15%
- permanent crops: 0.04%
- permanent pastures: 54%
- forests and woodland: 19%
- other: 21% (1993 est.)
Oil and Gas: Australia saw its oil production drop more than 14 percent in 2003, almost twice the average decline rate since it peaked in 2000. An oil shale deposit called the Stuart Deposit is located near Gladstone. It has a total resource of 2.6 billion barrels and the capacity to produce more than 200,000 barrels each day. Oil shale Oil shale is a general term applied to a fine-grained sedimentary rock containing significant traces of kerogen (a solid mixture of organic chemical compounds) that have not been buried for sufficient time to produce conventional fossil fuels. ...
For other uses, see Gladstone (disambiguation). ...
Irrigated land: 25,450 km² (2003 est.)
Natural hazards Cyclones along the northern coasts; severe thunderstorms, droughts and occasional floods; frequent bushfires. Fire bans, drought status and water use restrictions exist in some areas. This article is about the meteorological phenomenon. ...
A thunderstorm, also called an electrical storm or lightning storm, is a form of weather characterized by the presence of lightning and its attendant thunder produced from a cumulonimbus cloud. ...
Fields outside Benambra, Victoria, Australia suffering from drought conditions A drought is an extended period of months or years when a region notes a deficiency in its water supply. ...
Flooding in Amphoe Sena, Ayutthaya Province, Thailand. ...
Backburning in Townsville, Australia. ...
Level 5 water restrictions in Goulburn in 2006. ...
Environment Current issues: soil erosion from overgrazing, industrial development, urbanization, and poor farming practices; soil salinity rising due to the use of poor quality water; desertification (partly as a result of the introduction by European settlers of Rabbits); introduced pest species; clearing for agricultural purposes threatens the natural habitat of many unique animal and plant species; the Great Barrier Reef off the northeast coast, the largest coral reef in the world, is threatened by increased shipping and its popularity as a tourist site; limited natural fresh water resources; threats from invasive species Soil Salinity is a major environmental issue in Australia, chiefly affecting agricultural lands in many areas of W.A. (Western Australia) Much of central Australia was at one time a shallow inland sea. ...
Genera Pentalagus Bunolagus Nesolagus Romerolagus Brachylagus Sylvilagus Oryctolagus Poelagus Rabbits are small mammals in the family Leporidae, found in many parts of the world. ...
Invasive species are a threat to the native biodiversity of Australia and are an ongoing cost to Australian agriculture. ...
International agreements:
- party to: Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban 1963, Nuclear Non-Proliferation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 1994, Wetlands, Whaling
- signed, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification
The Antarctic Treaty and related agreements, collectively called the Antarctic Treaty System or ATS, regulate international relations with respect to Antarctica, Earths only continent without a native population. ...
The Convention on Biological Diversity is an international treaty that was adopted at the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro in 1992. ...
UNFCCC logo. ...
The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) is an international agreement between Governments, drafted as a result of a resolution adopted in 1963 at a meeting of members of the World Conservation Union (IUCN). ...
note - abbreviated as Environmental Modification opened for signature - December 10, 1976 entered into force - October 5, 1978 objective - to prohibit the military or other hostile use of environmental modification techniques in order to further world peace and trust among nations parties - (66) Afghanistan, Algeria, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Austria...
The Basel Convention (verbose: Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal) is an international treaty that was designed to reduce the movements of hazardous waste between nations, and specifically to prevent dumping of hazardous waste from developed to less developed countries (LDCs). ...
United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea Opened for signature December 10, 1982 in Montego Bay (Jamaica) Entered into force November 16, 1994[1] Conditions for entry into force 60 ratifications Parties 149[2] For maritime law in general see Admiralty law. ...
Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping Wastes and Other Matter (London Convention) note - abbreviated as Marine Dumping opened for signature - 29 December 1972 entered into force - 30 August 1975 objective - to control pollution of the sea by dumping and to encourage regional agreements supplementary to the Convention...
opened for signature - 29 April 1958 entered into force - 20 March 1966 objective - to solve through international cooperation the problems involved in the conservation of living resources of the high seas, considering that because of the development of modern technology some of these resources are in danger of being overexploited...
The Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapon Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer Space, and Under Water, often abbreviated as the Partial Test Ban Treaty (PTBT), Limited Test Ban Treaty (LTBT), or Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (NTBT), although the former also refers to the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT), is a treaty...
Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty Opened for signature July 1, 1968 in New York Entered into force March 5, 1970 Conditions for entry into force Ratification by the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union, the United States, and 40 other signatory states. ...
The Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer is an international treaty designed to protect the ozone layer from depletion by phasing out the production of a number of substances believed to be responsible for ozone depletion. ...
Ship Pollution is an abbreviated form of the Protocol of 1978 Relating to the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution From Ships, 1973. ...
note - abbreviated as Tropical Timber 94 opened for signature - January 26, 1994 entered into force - January 1, 1997 objective - to ensure that by the year 2000 exports of tropical timber originate from sustainably managed sources; to establish a fund to assist tropical timber producers in obtaining the resources necessary to...
The Ramsar Convention is an international treaty for the conservation and sustainable utilization of wetlands, i. ...
The International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling is an international agreement (see environmental agreement) signed in 1946 designed to make whaling sustainable. ...
Kyoto Protocol Opened for signature December 11, 1997 in Kyoto, Japan Entered into force February 16, 2005. ...
The United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification in Those Countries Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, Particularly in Africa is an agreement to combat desertification and mitigate the effects of drought through national action programs that incorporate long-term strategies supported by international cooperation and partnership arrangements. ...
Image File history File links Download high resolution version (4000x1043, 1102 KB) Alpine Range scenery as viewed just past Mt Hotham. ...
Image File history File links Download high resolution version (4000x1043, 1102 KB) Alpine Range scenery as viewed just past Mt Hotham. ...
See also Protected areas of Australia are maintained by the Department of the Environment and Heritage, with the exception of the Great Barrier Reef, which is managed by the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority, a body within the department. ...
Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests Lord Howe Island subtropical forests Norfolk Island subtropical forests Queensland tropical rain forests Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests Eastern Australian temperate forests Southeast Australia temperate forests Tasmanian Central Highland forests Tasmanian temperate forests Tasmanian temperate rain forests Tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands...
The Australasia Ecozone The Australasian ecozone – is an ecological region that is coincident, but not synonymous (by some definitions), with the geographic region of Australasia. ...
Australia-New Guinea, also called Sahul or Meganesia, is made up of the continent of Australia and the islands of New Guinea and Tasmania. ...
This is a list of regions in Australia that are not Australian states or territories. ...
This is a list of the extreme points of Australia, the points that are farther north, south, east or west than any other location on the continent. ...
This is a list of rivers of Australia. ...
Natural freshwater lakes in Australia are rare, due to the general absence of glacial and tectonic activity in Australia. ...
Location of deserts in Australia Deserts of Australia cover a large portion of the land in Australia. ...
This is a list of mountains in Australia. ...
References - ^ The Big Switch - Australia's largest community climate change campaign
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