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Encyclopedia > Geography of Indiana

The geography of the U.S. State of Indiana is both diverse and fascinating. For other uses, see United States (disambiguation) and US (disambiguation). ... A state is a set of institutions that possess the authority to make the rules that govern the people in one or more societies, having internal and external sovereignty over a definite territory. ... This article is about the U.S. State. ...

Contents

Pre Ice-Age

Regions

The state of Indiana is divided into several cultural regions. The word culture, from the Latin colo, -ere, with its root meaning to cultivate, generally refers to patterns of human activity and the symbolic structures that give such activity significance. ...

Highlighted in red are the counties in Northern Indiana.
Highlighted in red are the counties in Northern Indiana.

Northern Indiana

Northern Indiana consists of 27 counties in the northern third of the state. The western third of this region, Northwest Indiana, borders Illinois and Lake Michigan, and is commonly considered a part of Greater Chicago. Thus, it can be said that Chicago is the most dominant city in the region. Chicago's influence is fairly strong in Northwest Indiana, as it share's Chicago's time zone (Central Standard Time), receives Chicago area media, and follows Chicago professional teams like the Chicago Bears and Chicago Bulls. Official language(s) English Capital Springfield Largest city Chicago Area  Ranked 25th  - Total 57,918 sq mi (149,998 km²)  - Width 210 miles (340 km)  - Length 390 miles (629 km)  - % water 4. ... Lake Michigan is one of the five Great Lakes of North America, and the only one in the group located entirely within the United States. ... The Chicagoland region is colored red. ... Nickname: The Windy City, The Second City, Chi Town, City of the Big Shoulders, The 312, The City that Works Motto: Urbs In Horto (Latin: City in a Garden), I Will Location in Chicagoland and Illinois Coordinates: Country United States State Illinois County Cook & DuPage Incorporated March 4, 1837 Government... The Central Standard Time Zone (CST) is a geographic region that keeps time by subtracting six hours from Coordinated Universal Time UTC. In the United States, the time zone includes the entire area of the states of Alabama, Arkansas, Illinois, Iowa, Louisiana, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, Oklahoma, Texas except for El... City Chicago, Illinois Other nicknames Da Bears, The Monsters of the Midway Team colors Navy Blue, Orange and White Head Coach Lovie Smith Owner Virginia Halas McCaskey Chairman Michael McCaskey General manager Jerry Angelo Fight song Bear Down, Chicago Bears Mascot Staley Da Bear League/Conference affiliations Independent (1919) National... The Chicago Bulls are a professional basketball team based in Chicago, Illinois. ...


Other dominant cities in Northern Indiana include South Bend and Fort Wayne. Heavy industry is as much a part of the economy here as agriculture and as a result, this region tends to be associated with the Rust Belt. Northern Indiana is also the most ethnically diverse region in Indiana. The landscape is characterized physically by level terrain ranging from between 800-1,000 feet above sea level, with farmlands dotting the countryside. South Bend is the name of the following places in the United States of America: South Bend, Indiana South Bend Township, Kansas South Bend Township, Minnesota South Bend, Nebraska South Bend Township, Pennsylvania South Bend, Washington This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that... Fort Wayne was the name of at least two historic forts in the United States of America; one of these gave its name to Fort Wayne, Indiana. ... Manufacturing Belt, highlighted in red The Rust Belt, a term coined from Manufacturing Belt, is an area in parts of the Midwest and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States of America. ...


Central Indiana

See also: Nine-County Region
Highlighted in yellow are the counties in Central Indiana.
Highlighted in yellow are the counties in Central Indiana.

Central Indiana refers to the 33 or so counties in the middle third of the state. However, many Hoosiers consider Central Indiana as being specificallly the Indianapolis Metropolitan Area. The region's dominant city by far is Indianapolis. Other prominent cities include Anderson, Muncie, and Terre Haute. Central Indiana is the most populated region of Indiana. The primary economic engines of Central Indiana are agriculture and manufacturing, and as a result, some of the larger cities in the region are dealing with Rust Belt issues similar to Northern Indiana. Major universities include Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Ball State University, and Indiana State University. The Nine-County Region (Metro Indianapolis Area) is an informal name to an area comprising (not surprisingly) nine counties in the center of the U.S. state of Indiana with a population of almost 2 million residents. ... A Hoosier is a resident or native of the U.S. state of Indiana, but used as a slang term for redneck in other parts of the country, especially in Missouri, Illinois and Arkansas. ... The Nine-County Region (Metro Indianapolis Area) is an informal name to an area comprising (not surprisingly) nine counties in the center of the U.S. state of Indiana with a population of almost 2 million residents. ... The Indianapolis skyline Indianapolis is the capital of the U.S. state of Indiana. ... Anderson is a city located in Madison County, Indiana. ... Muncie (IPA: ) is a city in Delaware County in east central Indiana, best known as the home of Ball State University and the birthplace of the Ball Corporation. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Indiana University–Purdue University at Indianapolis (IUPUI) is the urban research university campus of Indiana University located in Indianapolis, Indiana. ... Ball State University is a state-run research university located in Muncie, Indiana. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...


Physically, the land in Central Indiana is characterized primarily by low, gently rolling hills and shallow valleys. Some counties of the region, like Howard County, are more flat in nature, while others, such as Morgan County are more rugged and hilly. Elevation ranges from 600 feet to over 1,000 feet above sea level. Forests and farmland line Central Indiana's gently rolling plains, and river valleys dissect the otherwise monotonous landscape. The highest point in Indiana is Hoosier Hill, at 1,257 feet above sea level in northern Wayne County. Howard County is one of 92 counties in the U.S. state of Indiana. ... Morgan County is a county located in the U.S. state of Indiana. ... Hoosier Hill is the highest point in the state of Indiana at 1257 feet. ... Richmond is the county seat. ...


Southern Indiana

Highlighted in blue are the counties of Southern Indiana.
Highlighted in blue are the counties of Southern Indiana.

Southern Indiana refers to the southernmost third of the state and was the first region to be settled in the late eighteenth century. Evansville is the dominant city in the region, but because both Louisville and Indianapolis are much larger cities, they have more of an influence on the region. Other prominent cities include Bloomington, home of Indiana University Bloomington, and Columbus, a city known for its architecture. The region is the most sparsely populated in Indiana. The area code for the region is 812. (17th century - 18th century - 19th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800. ... Nickname: River City Location in the state of Indiana Country United States State Indiana County Vanderburgh Government  - Mayor Jonathan Weinzapfel (D) Area  - City 40. ... For other places with the same name, see Louisville (disambiguation). ... Location in the state of Indiana Coordinates: County Monroe Mayor Mark Kruzan Area    - City 51. ... Indiana University is the principal campus of the Indiana University system. ... Columbus is the county seat of Bartholomew County, Indiana. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... A telephone numbering plan is a system that allows subscribers to make and receive telephone calls across long distances. ...


Glaciers from the Ice Age did not advance this far into Indiana and, as a result, this portion of the state is extremely hilly and very rugged in contrast to the rest of the state. Numerous caves and springs can be found in this region. South Central Indiana is characterized by a series of steep hills that rise 1,000 above sea level and are known as The Knobs. Indiana limestone is found in this region. Austrias longest glacier, the Pasterze, winds its 8 km (5 mile) route at the foot of Austrias highest mountain, the Grossglockner A glacier is a large, long-lasting river of ice that is formed on land and moves in response to gravity. ... Variations in CO2, temperature and dust from the Vostok ice core over the last 400 000 years For the animated movie, see Ice Age (movie). ... The Knobstone Escarpment is a rugged geologic region in Southern Indiana. ... Indiana limestone is a common term for Salem limestone, a geological formation primarily found in southern Indiana. ...


Culturally, the 32 counties that comprise Southern Indiana are seen as a transition zone between The Midwest and The South and shares characteristics of both regions. This article is about the Midwestern region in the United States. ... Historic Southern United States. ...


Extreme Southern Indiana lies within the humid subtropical climate zone and, as a result, it has noticeably milder winters in contrast with the rest of the state. Humid subtropical climates are characterized by hot, humid summers and cool to mild winters. ... The Köppen Climate Classifications are the standard incriments by which geographers and climatologists classify the climate of a particular part of the world. ...


Physiography

Indiana is broken up into three main physical regions: The Great Lakes Plain in the northern third of the state, the Tipton Till Plain in the central third, and the Southern Hills and Lowlands region in the southern third.


See also



 
 

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