Location of Kochi in India

Kochi (pronunciation^(?); Malayalam: കൊച്ചി [Kocci]); formerly known as Cochin) is a city in the Indian state of Kerala. Kochi is located in the district of Ernakulam, about 220 km north of the state capital Thiruvananthapuram. Old Kochi loosely refers to a group of islands including Willingdon Island, Fort Kochi and Mattancherry. Today Kochi includes Ernakulam, old parts of Kochi, Kumbalangi, and outlying islands. For many centuries up to and during the British Raj, the city of Kochi was the seat of the eponymous princely state — the Kingdom of Cochin, which lay between 9.48° and 10.50° latitude and 76.5° and 76.58° E longitude. The cordinates of the present city are: 9°58′0″N, 76°13′60″E Image File history File links City_locator_point-MJC.png Summary Point for dynamic city locator map of Australia Drawn by me in Illustrator Licensing File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... , A picture depicting the city of Kochi (circa. ... , A picture depicting the city of Kochi (circa. ... Malayalam (മലയാളം ) is the language of the state of Kerala, in southern India. ... Kerala ((?); Malayalam: കേരളം — ) is a state on the tropical Malabar Coast of southwestern India. ... See: Ernakulam for city specific details. ... KM, Km, or km may stand for: Khmer language (ISO 639 alpha-2, km) Kilometre Kinemantra Meditation Knowledge management KM programming language KM Culture, Korean Movie Maker. ... Thiruvananthapuram (Tamil: திருவனந்தபுரம், Malayalam: തിരുവനന്തപുരം []), formerly known as Trivandrum, is the capital of the Indian state of Kerala and the headquarters of Thiruvananthapuram District. ... Willingdon Island is the home of the modern port that serves Cochin in Kerala, India. ... Fort Kochi, situated on the Fort Kochi/Mattancherry peninsula, is the historical part of the city and home to many tourist attractions, such as the cantilevered Chinese fishing nets, the Dutch Palace and the Santa Cruz Basilica. ... Mattancherry is a small town in Ernakulam district of Kerala, south India. ... For the district with the same name, see Ernakulam District. ... The British Empire at its zenith in 1919. ... A princely state is any state under the reign of a prince, both terms being taken in the broad sense. ... It has been suggested that Gosree be merged into this article or section. ...

Location

A view of the Kochi harbour mouth from Willingdon Island

Kochi is located on the southwest coast of India, in the southern state of Kerala. The city lies at the sea mouth of seven major rivers which start from the Western Ghats and travel through Kerala’s midlands, lowlands and coastal areas, to drain out into the Arabian Sea. Earlier, Kochi was used to refer to the region encompassing Mattancherry, Fort Kochi, Palluruthy and Thoppumpadi. Today, Kochi comprises the mainland Ernakulam, old Kochi, the suburbs of Edapally and the exurbia of Kalamassery and Kakkanad to the northeast; Tripunithura to the south east; and a group of islands closely scattered in the Vembanad lake. The islands include namely Bolghatty Island (Ponjikkara), Willingdon Island, Vypeen Island, Ramanthuruthu, Vallarpadam, Kumbalam and Cherai. Most of these islands are very small, varying in extent from 4 square miles to less than a square mile. Willingdon Island is the home of the modern port that serves Cochin in Kerala, India. ... The Western Ghats or Sahyadri mountains (as they are known in Maharashtra and Kerala) run along the western edge of Indias Deccan Plateau, and separate the plateau from a narrow coastal plain along the Arabian Sea. ... Map of the Arabian Sea. ... Mattancherry is a small town in Ernakulam district of Kerala, south India. ... Fort Kochi, situated on the Fort Kochi/Mattancherry peninsula, is the historical part of the city and home to many tourist attractions, such as the cantilevered Chinese fishing nets, the Dutch Palace and the Santa Cruz Basilica. ... For the district with the same name, see Ernakulam District. ... Edapally is a place in the city of Kochi from where the National Highway NH-17 begins and continues upto Panvel, Maharashtra, in India. ... Kakkanad is the headquarters of the district of Ernaklam in Kerala, India. ... Thrippunithura is a satellite town south-east of Ernakulam Cochin City. ... Location of Vembanad lake, Kerala Vembanad Lake (Vembanad Kayal or Vembanad Kol) is the largest lake in Kerala, India. ... Willingdon Island is the home of the modern port that serves Cochin in Kerala, India. ... Vypin is an Island in Ernakulam district of Kerala. ... A scene from Cherai Beach, Kerala Cherai is a small coastal village in Ernakulam district of Kerala, India. ...

Geographical features

Kochi lies at the northern end of a narrow neck of land, about 19 km long and less than 1.6 km wide in many places, and is separated from the mainland by inlets from the Arabian sea and by the estuaries of rivers draining from the Western Ghats. As a result, Kochi is a natural harbour. Estuaries and coastal waters are among the most productive ecosystems on Earth, providing numerous ecological, economic, cultural, and aesthetic benefits and services. ... A harbor (or harbour) or haven is a place where ships may shelter from the weather or are stored. ...

Much of Kochi lies at the sea level, and the entire city spans an area of 87.5 km². The city has a seacoast of about 30 miles.^[1] Willingdon Island is a large artificial island, created by dredging the Vembanad Lake under the direction of Lord Willingdon.^[2] The city has a rich network of backwaters, which has been declared as National Waterways by the Central Government.^[3] Square kilometre (US spelling: Square kilometer), symbol km², is an SI unit of surface area. ... Before Mexico City, Tenochtitlan was an artificial island of 250,000 (Dr Atl) Dejima, not allowed direct contact with nearby Nagasaki Formoza (Gdynia) The World in Dubai An artificial island is an island that has been formed by human, rather than natural means. ... 1st Backwater is Water held or pushed back by or as if by a dam or current. ... Three of the most influential means of transportation in modern India: (from left to right) the Hindustan Ambassador, the Bajaj motor scooter and the steam engine. ... // INTELLIGENT BEHAVIOURS TO BECOME MORE RICHER AND SECURE WITHIN INDIA REMOVE POVERTY AND TO INCREASE SECURITY OF INDIA, THERE IS A NEED TO USE HIGHER INTELLIGENT, THAT IS TO SAY, TO PROMOTE FOREIGN CITIZENS OF FIRST WORLD COUNTRIES TO BECOME CITIZEN OF INDIA WHEREBY THEY HAVE RIGHTS TO PURCHASE WHOLE...

Soil and rock

The soil consists mainly of recent sediments (Alluvium, Teri’s, Brown sands etc.). Hydromorphic saline soils are also found in the areas surrounding the backwaters. The major rock types are Archaean-basic dykes, Charnockites and Gneisses. Sediment is any particulate matter that can be transported by fluid flow and which eventually is deposited as a layer of solid particles on the bed or bottom of a body of water or other liquid. ... Alluvium is soil land deposited by a river or other running water. ... Saline may refer to: Salinity Saline (medicine) Saline, Michigan Saline, Scotland - a village in the burgh of Fife, Scotland. ... The Archean is a geologic eon; it is a somewhat antiquated term for the time span between 2500 million years before the present and 3800 million years before the present. ... A dike in geology refers to a tabular intrusive igneous body. ... Charnockite is a series of foliated metamorphosed igneous rocks of wide distribution and great importance in India, Ceylon, Madagascar and Africa. ... Gneiss Gneiss is a common and widely distributed type of rock formed by high-grade regional metamorphic processes from preexisting formations that were originally either igneous or sedimentary rocks. ...

Climate

Kochi’s climate is generally tropical, with no harsh extremities. Surface temperatures range between 20–35 °C (68–95 °F). The current record high temperature is 38 °C; the lowest is 17 °C. Heavy rains accompanied by thunder are common from June through September due to the South-West monsoon. Light showers are experienced from October to December due to the North-West monsoon. The average annual rainfall is about 350 cm with an average 132 rainy days annually; the bulk of the rainfall stems from the South-West monsoon. The winds are moderate, with slight increase during summer and the monsoon seasons. The tropics are the geographic region of the Earth centered on the equator and limited in latitude by the two tropics: the Tropic of Cancer in the northern hemisphere and the Tropic of Capricorn in the southern hemisphere. ... The degree Celsius (°C) is a unit of temperature named after the Swedish astronomer Anders Celsius (1701–1744), who first proposed a similar system in 1742. ... Fahrenheit is a temperature scale named after the German physicist Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686–1736), who proposed it in 1724. ... Monsoon in the Vindhya, a mountain chain in central India A monsoon is a (wind) pattern that reverses direction on a seasonal basis. ... A centimetre (US: centimeter) is a factor of the SI unit of length: there are one hundred centimeters in the base unit of measure, the metre. ...

Flora and fauna

The flora of the region is predominently tropical. Common vegetation in the region include Launaea, Ipomoea, Portulaca, Hydrocotyle, Spinifex, Lippia, Moniera, Cynodon, Digitari, Cyperus etc. Magrove formations are also common. Though much of the city is urbanised, the city retains an ecologically sensitive area right at its centre — the Mangalavanam. Mangalavanam is a nesting ground for a vast variety of migratory birds and supports many varieties of mangroves. This rare ecosystem in the heart of the city has helped mitigate Kochi’s pollution problems. The Mangalavanam is also a protected bird sanctuary. Species I. alba- Moonflower I. aquatica- Water spinach I. batatas- Sweet potato I. purpurea I. violacea - Beach morning glory The Genus Ipomoea, with over 500 species, is the largest genus in the Family Convolvulaceae. ... Species about 100, see text Portulaca is the type genus of the Purslane family Portulacaceae, comprising about 100-200 species (probably much fewer) found in the tropics and subtropics. ... species Spinifex is any species of various clump-forming, perennial Australian grasses, growing in arid regions and having awl-shaped, pointed leaves. ... Species Eight species, including: Cynodon aethiopicus Cynodon arcuatus Cynodon dactylon Cynodon transvaalensis Cynodon (Greek Dog-tooth) is a genus of eight species of grasses in the family Poaceae, found in many parts of the world. ... Species About 600 species; see text Cyperus is a large genus of about 600 species of sedges, distributed throughout all continents in both tropical and temperate regions. ... The species that periodically migrate are called migratory bird, those that do not are called resident bird See also Resident bird Category: ... Above and below water view at the edge of the mangal. ... ...

The backwaters also harbours many different types of fishes. Aquatic mammals like dolphins are aplenty in the backwaters of Kochi.

Notes