Tanzania's geography is one of the most varied and unique in the world; it contains Africa's highest and lowest points, and contains lakes, mountains and many nature reserves. Insert non-formatted text heremap of Tanzania, converted directly from CIA World Factbook GIF This image is in the public domain in the United States and possibly other jurisdictions. ... A satellite composite image of Africa Africa is the worlds second-largest and second-most populous continent, after Asia. ...

The north-east of Tanzania is mountainous, and includes Mount Meru and Mount Kilimanjaro, both of which are active volcanoes. Kilimanjaro's natural beauty, as well as the fact that it has the highest peak in Africa, attracts thousands of tourists each year. Mount Meru is an active volcano located just 70 kilometres (44 miles) west of Mount Kilimanjaro. ... Kilimanjaro is a mountain in northeastern Tanzania. ... Active volcanoes are volcanoes constantly erupting, including Pompeii and Krakatoa. ...

West of these is Serengeti National Park, famous for its annual migration of millions of white bearded wildebeest, as well as its abundance of lions, leopards, elephants, rhinoceroses, and buffalo. Close to the park lies Olduvai Gorge, where many of the oldest hominid fossils and artifacts have been found. Plains of the Serengeti National Park, with kopjes The Serengeti National Park is a large national park in Tanzania, Africa. ... This article is about non-human migration. ... Species Connochaetes taurinus Connochaetes gnou Connochaetes taurinus cooksoni Connochaetes taurinus albojubatus Connochaetes taurinus johnstoni The wildebeest, also called gnu (pronounced or ), is a large hooved (ungulate) mammal of the genus Connochaetes, which includes two species, both native to Africa: the Black Wildebeest (), and the Blue & White-bearded Wildebeest or Blue... Binomial name Panthera leo (Linnaeus, 1758) The Lion (Panthera leo) is a mammal of the family Felidae. ... Binomial name Panthera pardus (Linnaeus, 1758) Leopards (Panthera pardus) are one of the four big cats of the genus Panthera. ... Genera and Species Loxodonta Loxodonta cyclotis Loxodonta africana Elephas Elephas maximus Elephas recki † Stegodon † Mammuthus † Elephantidae (the elephants) is a family of pachyderm, and the only remaining family in the order Proboscidea. ... Genera Ceratotherium Dicerorhinus Diceros Rhinoceros Coelodonta (extinct)Elasmotherium (extinct) A rhinoceros (commonly called a rhino for short) is any of five surviving species of odd-toed ungulate in the family Rhinocerotidae. ... Species Syncerus caffer Subspecies Syncerus is a genus of bovines found in Africa, the only extant member of which is the African Buffalo, or Cape Buffalo. ... Olduvai Gorge from space Topography of Olduvai Gorge The Olduvai Gorge or Oldupai Gorge is a steep-sided ravine in the Great Rift Valley, which stretches along eastern Africa. ...

Further west is Lake Victoria, on the Kenya–Uganda–Tanzania border. This is the largest lake in Africa and is traditionally named as the source of the Nile. Southwest of this, separating Tanzania from the Democratic Republic of the Congo, is Lake Tanganyika. This lake is estimated to be the second oldest (and second deepest) lake in the world after Lake Baikal in Siberia. Lake Victoria, as seen from space Lake Victoria or Victoria Nyanza (also known as Ukerewe and Nalubaale) is one of the Great Lakes of Africa. ... Fishermen on Lake Tanganyika Lake Tanganyika is a large lake in central Africa (3° 20 to 8° 48 South and from 29° 5 to 31° 15 East). ... Lake Baikal The Yenisei River basin, Lake Baikal, and the cities of Dikson, Dudinka, Turukhansk, Krasnoyarsk, Irkutsk Lake Baikal is the largest (by volume), deepest and oldest freshwater lake in the world. ... Siberia is also an album by Echo & The Bunnymen. ...

The centre of Tanzania is a large plateau, with grasslands and national parks to the south, and arable land further north. The new capital, Dodoma, is located here, although much of the government is still located in Dar es Salaam. In geology and earth science, a plateau, also called a tableland, is an area of highland, usually consisting of relatively flat open country if the uplift was recent in geologic history. ... Dodoma, population 324,347 (2002 census), is the national capital of Tanzania and also the capital of that countrys Dodoma Region. ... Dar es Salaam (دار السلام), formerly Mzizima, is the largest city (pop. ...

The eastern shore of Tanzania is hot and humid, and encompasses Tanzania's largest city and former capital, Dar es Salaam. Just north of Dar es Salaam lies the island of Zanzibar, a semi-automonous territory of Tanzania which is famous for its spices. Its lesser-known sibling Pemba lies further to the north. Map of Zanzibars main island Zanzibar (IPA pronunciation: ), as used today, is the collective name for two East African islands off mainland Tanzania: Unguja (also called Zanzibar) and Pemba. ... Map of Pemba Island Pemba is an island about 50 kilometres to the north of the island of Zanzibar. ...

The climate of Tanzania ranges from hot and humid on the coast, to a more temperate climate in the elevated centre of the country. Tanzania has two rainy seasons; a long heavy one from March to May, and a shorter, lighter one from November to January.

Tanzania is divided into 25 regions; twenty on the mainland, three on Zanzibar island and two on Pemba. Tanzania is divided into 26 Regions (capitals in parentheses): Arusha (Arusha) Dar es Salaam (Dar es Salaam) Dodoma (Dodoma) Iringa (Iringa) Kagera (Bukoba) Kigoma (Kigoma) Kilimanjaro (Moshi) Lindi (Lindi) Manyara (Babati) Mara (Musoma) Mbeya (Mbeya) Morogoro (Morogoro) Mtwara (Mtwara) Mwanza (Mwanza) Pemba North (Wete) Pemba South (Mkoani) Pwani (Kibaha) Rukwa...

Fact file

Location: Eastern Africa, bordering the Indian Ocean, between Kenya and Mozambique.  Eastern Africa (UN subregion)  East African Community  Central African Federation (defunct)  geographic, including above East Africa or Eastern Africa is the easternmost region of the African continent, variably defined by geography or geopolitics. ...

Geographic coordinates: 6°00′S 35°00′E

Map references: Africa

Area:
note: includes the islands of Mafia, Pemba, and Zanzibar Mafia Island (Chole Shamba) is part of the Tanzanian Spice Islands, which consists also of Zanzibar and Pemba. ... Map of Pemba Island Pemba is an island about 50 kilometres to the north of the island of Zanzibar. ... Map of Zanzibars main island Zanzibar (IPA pronunciation: ), as used today, is the collective name for two East African islands off mainland Tanzania: Unguja (also called Zanzibar) and Pemba. ...

• total: 945,087 km²
• land: 886,037 km²
• water: 59,050 km²

Land boundaries:

• total: 3,402 km
• border countries: Burundi 451 km, Kenya 769 km, Malawi 475 km, Mozambique 756 km, Rwanda 217 km, Uganda 396 km, Zambia 338 km, Dem. Rep. of the Congo 473 km

Coastline: 1,424 km

Maritime claims:

• exclusive economic zone: 200 nautical miles (370 km)
• territorial sea: 12 nautical miles (22 km)

Climate: varies from tropical along coast to temperate in highlands A nautical mile is a unit of length. ... The tropics are the geographic region of the Earth centered on the equator and limited in latitude by the two tropics: the Tropic of Cancer in the northern hemisphere and the Tropic of Capricorn in the southern hemisphere. ...

Terrain: plains along coast; central plateau; highlands in north, south

Elevation extremes:

• lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
• highest point: Mount Kilimanjaro 5,895 m

Natural resources: hydropower, tin, phosphates, iron ore, coal, diamonds, gemstones, gold, natural gas, nickel Kilimanjaro is a mountain in northeastern Tanzania. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... General Name, Symbol, Number tin, Sn, 50 Chemical series poor metals Group, Period, Block 14, 5, p Appearance silvery lustrous gray Atomic mass 118. ... In chemistry, a phosphate is a polyatomic ion or radical consisting of one phosphorus atom and four oxygen. ... This heap of iron ore pellets will be used in steel production. ... Coal (previously referred to as pitcoal or seacoal) is a fossil fuel extracted from the ground by underground mining or open-pit mining (surface mining). ... For other uses, see Diamond (disambiguation). ... A selection of gemstone pebbles made by tumbling rough rock with abrasive grit, in a rotating drum. ... General Name, Symbol, Number gold, Au, 79 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 11, 6, d Appearance metallic yellow Atomic mass 196. ... Many stoves use natural gas. ... General Name, Symbol, Number nickel, Ni, 28 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 10, 4, d Appearance lustrous, metallic Atomic mass 58. ...

Land use:

• arable land: 3%
• permanent crops: 1%
• permanent pastures: 40%
• forests and woodland: 38%
• other: 18% (1993 est.)

Irrigated land: 1,550 km² (1998 est.)

Natural hazards: the tsetse fly; flooding on the central plateau during the rainy season; drought Binomial name Glossina morsitans The tsetse fly, Glossina morsitans, is a fly (order Diptera) that eats blood from animals, including humans. ...

Environment - current issues: soil degradation; deforestation; desertification; destruction of coral reef threatens marine habitats; recent droughts affected marginal agriculture Some of the biodiversity of a coral reef. ...

Environment - international agreements:

• party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands
• signed, but not ratified: Nuclear Test Ban

Geography - note: Kilimanjaro is highest point in Rainforests are the most biodiverse ecosystems on earth Biodiversity or biological diversity is the diversity of life. ... UNFCCC logo. ... Ship stranded by the retreat of the Aral Sea Desertification is the degradation of land in arid, semi arid and dry sub-humid areas resulting from various factors including climatic variations and human activities. ... The endangered Sea Otter An endangered species is a population of organisms (frequently but not always a taxonomic species) which is either (a) so few in number or (b) threatened by changing environmental or predation parameters that it is at risk of becoming extinct. ... Hazardous waste is waste that poses substantial or potential threats to public health or the environment and generally exhibits one or more of these characteristics: ignitability corrosivity reactivity (explosive) toxicity Many types of businesses generate hazardous waste. ... Admiralty law (usually referred to as simply admiralty and also referred to as maritime law) is a distinct body of law which governs maritime questions and offenses. ... The Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (CTBT) bans all nuclear explosions in all environments, for military or civilian purposes and was opened for signature in New York on 24 September 1996, when it was signed by 71 States, including the five nuclear weapon states at the time (which did not... A subtropical wetland in Florida, USA, with an endangered American Crocodile. ...