George Ellery Hale, Sc.D., Ph.D., LL.D. (June 29, 1868 – February 21, 1938) was an American solar astronomer, born in Chicago. He was educated at MIT, at the Observatory of Harvard College, (1889-90), and at Berlin (1893-94). As an undergraduate at MIT, he invented the spectroheliograph, with which he made his discoveries of the solar vortices and magnetic fields of sun spots. June 29 is the 180th day of the year (181st in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 185 days remaining. ... 1868 (MDCCCLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a leap year starting on Friday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ... February 21 is the 52nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1938 (MCMXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... The Sun is the star at the center of our Solar system. ... An astronomer or astrophysicist is a scientist whose area of research is astronomy or astrophysics. ... Nickname: The Windy City Motto: Urbs In Horto (Latin: City in a Garden) Official website: http://egov. ... The Massachusetts Institute of Technology, or MIT, is a university located in the city of Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. MIT is one of the worlds leading research institutions in science and technology, as well as in numerous other fields, including management, economics, linguistics, political science, and philosophy. ... 1889 (MDCCCLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... This article is about the year. ... Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin The Humboldt University of Berlin (German Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin) is Berlins oldest university, founded in 1810 as the University of Berlin (Universität zu Berlin) by the liberal Prussian educational reformer and linguist Wilhelm von Humboldt whose university model has strongly influenced... 1893 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1894 (MDCCCXCIV) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... The Massachusetts Institute of Technology, or MIT, is a research and educational institution located in the city of Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. MIT is a world leader in science and technology, as well as in many other fields, including management, economics, linguistics, political science, and philosophy. ... The spectroheliograph is an instrument used in astronomy. ... 400 year sunspot history A sunspot is a region on the Suns surface (photosphere) that is marked by a lower temperature than its surroundings, and intense magnetic activity. ...

In 1890 he was appointed director of the Kenwood Astrophysical Observatory; he was professor of Astrophysics at Beloit College (1891-93; associate professor at the University of Chicago until 1897, and full professor (1897-1905). He was coeditor of Astronomy and Astrophysics in 1892-95 and after 1895 editor of the Astrophysical Journal. 1890 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Spiral Galaxy ESO 269-57 Astrophysics is the tree of astronomy that deals with the physics of the universe, including the physical properties (luminosity, density, temperature and chemical composition) of astronomical objects such as stars, galaxies, and the interstellar medium, as well as their interactions. ... Beloit College Beloit College is a liberal arts college in Beloit, Wisconsin and a member of the Associated Colleges of the Midwest. ... 1891 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1893 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... The University of Chicago is a private university primarily located in the Hyde Park neigborhood of Chicago, Illinois, founded in 1890, doors opened in 1892. ... 1897 (MDCCCXCVII) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1897 (MDCCCXCVII) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1905 (MCMV) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1892 (MDCCCXCII) was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1895 (MDCCCXCV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... 1895 (MDCCCXCV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ...

He helped found a number of observatories, including Yerkes Observatory and Mount Wilson Observatory. At Mount Wilson, he hired and encouraged Harlow Shapley and Edwin Hubble and did a great deal of fundraising, planning, organizing and promotion of astronomical institutions, societies and journals. Hale also played a central role in the development of Pasadena's California Institute of Technology (Caltech) into a leading research university. The 102 cm (40 inch) refractor at the Yerkes Observatory. ... The Mount Wilson Observatory (MWO) is an astronomical observatory in Los Angeles County, California. ... Harlow Shapley (November 2, 1885 – October 20, 1972) was an American astronomer. ... Edwin Hubble Edwin Powell Hubble (November 20, 1889 – September 28, 1953) was an American astronomer, noted for his discovery of galaxies beyond the Milky Way and the cosmic red shift. ... Pasadena is a city located in Los Angeles County, California, United States. ... The California Institute of Technology (commonly referred to as Caltech) is a private, coeducational university located in Pasadena, California, in the United States. ...

Honors

Awards

• Henry Draper Medal in 1904.
• Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society in 1904.
• Bruce Medal in 1916.
• Janssen Medal in 1917.
• Galileo Medal, Florence, in 1920.
• Actonian Prize in 1921.
• Copley Medal in 1932.

Named after him The Henry Draper Medal was established by the widow of Henry Draper, and is awarded by the US National Academy of Sciences for contributions to astrophysics. ... 1904 (MCMIV) is a leap year starting on a Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... The Gold Medal is the highest award of the Royal Astronomical Society. ... 1904 (MCMIV) is a leap year starting on a Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... The Catherine Wolfe Bruce gold medal is awarded every year by the Astronomical Society of the Pacific for outstanding lifetime contributions to astronomy. ... 1916 (MCMXVI) is a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar) // Events January-February January 1 - The Royal Army Medical Corps first successful blood transfusion using blood that had been stored and cooled. ... 1917 (MCMXVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 13-day slower Julian calendar. ... 1920 (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar) // Events January January 7 - Forces of Russian White admiral Kolchak surrender in Krasnoyarsk. ... 1921 (MCMXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... The Copley Medal is a scientific award for work in any field of science, the highest award granted by the Royal Society of London. ... 1932 (MCMXXXII) is a leap year starting on Friday. ...

• Hale Telescope at Palomar Observatory.
• 22-year solar Hale Cycle.
• Asteroid 1024 Hale.
• Hale crater on the Moon.
• Hale crater on Mars.
• Hale Middle School Woodland Hills, CA

The Hale Telescope is the largest telescope at the Palomar Observatory. ... Palomar Observatory is a privately-owned observatory located in San Diego County, California, 90 miles (145 km) southeast of Mount Wilson Observatory, on Palomar Mountain. ... 20 years of solar irradiance data from satellites Solar variations are fluctuations in the amount of energy emitted by the Sun. ... An asteroid is a small, solid object in our Solar System, orbiting the Sun. ... Hale is a relatively young lunar impact crater that is located on the southern limb of the Moon. ... Crust composition Oxygen 43% Silicon 21% Aluminium 10% Calcium 9% Iron 9% Magnesium 5% Titanium 2% Nickel 0. ... Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun in the solar system, named after the Roman god of war (the counterpart of the Greek Ares), on account of its blood red color as viewed in the night sky. ... Woodland Hills is a community within the City of Los Angeles. ...

External links

• Biography
• Bruce Medal page
• Awarding of the Bruce Medal: PASP 28 (1916) 12
• Awarding of the RAS gold medal: MNRAS 64 (1904) 388

Obituaries

• ApJ 87 (1938) 369
• JRASC 32 (1938) 192
• MNRAS 99 (1939) 322
• Obs 61 (1938) 163 (not online)
• PASP 50 (1938) 156