Georgian Bay (French: baie Georgienne) is a large bay of Lake Huron, located in Ontario, Canada. The main body of the bay lies east and northeast of the Bruce Peninsula, south of Greater Sudbury and north of Collingwood. The North Channel of Georgian Bay extends further west, to St. Joseph Island near Sault Ste. Marie, dividing Manitoulin Island from the mainland of Northern Ontario. The Main Channel divides Manitoulin Island from the Bruce Peninsula, and connects Georgian Bay to the rest of Lake Huron; a series of smaller channels, including the Mississagi Strait and the False Detour Channel, connect the North Channel and the main water body between Manitoulin Island, Cockburn Island, Drummond Island and St. Joseph Island. Lake Huron and the other Great Lakes Lake Huron, bounded on the west by Michigan and on the east by Ontario, is one of the five Great Lakes of North America. ... Motto: Ut Incepit Fidelis Sic Permanet (Latin: Loyal she began, loyal she remains) Official languages English (French has some legal status but is not fully co-official) Flower White trillium Capital Toronto Largest city Toronto Lieutenant-Governor James K. Bartleman Premier Dalton McGuinty (Liberal) Parliamentary representation  - House seat  - Senate seats... Map of Southern Ontario showing Bruce Peninsula in red. ... Motto: Template:Unhide = Location City Information Established: 1883 (as Sudbury) 2001 (as Greater Sudbury) Area: 3,354 km² Population:  - City (2001)  - CD Rank  - Municipal Rank 155,219 20th in Canada 26th in Canada Population density: 46. ... The town of Collingwood, (2000 estimated population 21,500), is located on the southern point of Georgian Bay known as Nottawasaga Bay. ... St. ... Flag Seal Nickname: The Soo Motto: Naturally Gifted Location Coordinates , Government Country Province District Canada Ontario Algoma District Incorporated –as a town –as a city 1887 1912 City Mayor Governing Body MPs MPPs John Rowswell The Corporation of the City of Sault Sainte Marie Tony Martin David Orazietti Geographical characteristics... Manitoulin Island is the worlds largest freshwater lake island, with an area of 2,766 square kilometres (1068 square miles). ... Northern Ontario is the part of the province of Ontario, Canada, which lies north of Lake Huron, Georgian Bay, the French River and Lake Nipissing. ... Map of Southern Ontario showing Bruce Peninsula in red. ... The Mississagi Strait is a narrow strait or channel in Lake Huron, connecting the North Channel to the main water body. ... The False Detour Channel is a short channel in Lake Huron, connecting the main body of the lake to the North Channel. ... Cockburn Island is an island in the Canadian province of Ontario, located in the Manitoulin District. ... Drummond Township is a township located in Chippewa County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... St. ...

Stormy Weather, Georgian Bay by Frederick Varley

Stormy Weather, Georgian Bay This is a painting by Group of Seven artist Frederick H. Varley. ... Stormy Weather, Georgian Bay This is a painting by Group of Seven artist Frederick H. Varley. ...

Geography

Georgian Bay is about 320 kilometres long by 80 kilometres wide. It covers over 15,000 square kilometres, making it almost as large as Lake Ontario. Eastern Georgian Bay is part of the southern edge of the Canadian Shield, a geological formation carved out by the retreating glaciers at the end of the last ice age, about 11,000 years ago. The granite rock formations and windswept Eastern White Pine are characteristic of the islands and much of the shoreline of the bay. The beauty of the area has inspired landscapes by artists of the Group of Seven (an example, of which is the painting by Frederick Varley shown here). The western part of the bay, from Collingwood north, and including Manitoulin Island, Drummond, Cockburn and St. Josephs Island, borders the Niagara Escarpment. Lake Ontario seen from near Wolcott, New York Lake Ontario (French: lac Ontario), bounded on the north by Ontario and on the south by Ontarios Niagara Peninsula and by New York State, is one of the five Great Lakes of North America. ... Canadian Shield The Canadian Shield is a large craton in eastern and central Canada and adjacent portions of the United States, composed of bare rock dating to the Precambrian Era (between 4. ... Variations in CO2, temperature and dust from the Vostok ice core over the last 400 000 years For the animated movie, see Ice Age (movie). ... The Group of Seven was a group of Canadian landscape painters in the 1920s, originally consisting of Franklin Carmichael, Lawren Harris, A. Y. Jackson, Frank Johnston, Arthur Lismer, J. E. H. MacDonald, and Frederick Varley. ... Frederick Horsman Varley (January 2, 1881-September 8, 1969) was a member of the Canadian Group of Seven artists. ... Rattlesnake Point near Milton, Ontario. ...

There are tens of thousands of islands in Georgian Bay. Most of these islands are along the east side of the bay and are collectively known as the "Thirty Thousand Islands," including the larger Parry Island and Christian Island. Manitoulin Island, lying along the northern side of the bay is the world's largest island in a freshwater lake. The Trent-Severn Waterway connects Georgian Bay to Lake Ontario, running from Port Severn in the southeastern corner of Georgian Bay through Lake Simcoe into Lake Ontario near Trenton. Further north, Lake Nipissing drains into it through the French River. In October 2004, the Georgian Bay Littoral was declared a Biosphere Reserve by UNESCO. Christian Island is a large island in Georgian Bay close to the communities of Penatanguishene and Midland, Ontario. ... Lock One on the Trent-Severn Waterway This article is not about the British company Severn Trent Water. ... Lake Ontario seen from near Wolcott, New York Lake Ontario (French: lac Ontario), bounded on the north by Ontario and on the south by Ontarios Niagara Peninsula and by New York State, is one of the five Great Lakes of North America. ... Port Severn is a village at the mouth of the Severn River on the border between the Township of Georgian Bay and the Township of Severn, Ontario, Canada, situated on Highway 400 south of Parry Sound. ... Lake Simcoe is a lake in southern Ontario, Canada, the fourth largest lake in the province. ... Dundas Street, the main road in Trenton, Ontario. ... View of Lake Nipissing from North Bay. ... The French River (or Rivière des Français) is a river in central Ontario, Canada. ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... UNESCO logo UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) is a specialized agency of the United Nations established in 1945. ...

History

Archeological records reveal an Aboriginal presence in the southern regions of the Canadian Shield dating from 11,000 years ago. Evidence of later paleo-Aboriginal settlements have been found on Manitoulin Island and near Killarney, Ontario. At the time of contact the Ojibwe and Ottawa First Nations, both of whom call themselves Anishinaabe (plural: Anishinaabeg), lived along the northern and eastern shores of Georgian Bay. The Huron (or Wendat) and Iroquois (or Haudenosaunee) inhabited the lands to the south. Names of islands such as "Manitoulin" (from Gitchi Manitou, the Great Spirit) and "Giant's Tomb" are indicative of the richness of the cultural history of the area. Aboriginal communities continue to live on their territories and practise their cultural traditions. Manitoulin Island is the worlds largest freshwater lake island, with an area of 2,766 square kilometres (1068 square miles). ... Killarney, Ontario is a town located on the northern shore of Georgian Bay in the Sudbury District. ... The Ojibwa, Aanishanabe or Chippewa (also Ojibwe, Ojibway, Chippeway, Anishinaabe, or Anishinabek) are the largest group of Native Americans/First Nations north of Mexico, including Métis. ... The Ottawa (also Odawa, Odaawa, Outaouais, or Trader) are a Native American and First Nations people. ... First Nations is a term of ethnicity used in Canada. ... Anishinaabe is a self-description often used by people belonging to the indigenous Odawa, Ojibwe, and Algonkin peoples of North America, who share closely related Algonkian languages. ... This article is about the First Nations people, the Wyandot, also known as the Huron. ... The Wyandot or Wendat (also called the Huron) are a First Nations people originally from modern day Southern Ontario and Quebec, Canada. ... The Iroquois Confederacy (Haudenosaunee, also known as the League of Peace and Power, Five Nations, or Six Nations) is a group of First Nations/Native Americans. ... The Haudenosaunee is the traditional leadership of the Iroquois Confederacy, comprised of the six Native American nations of the Seneca, Cayuga, Onondaga, Oneida, Mohawk and Tuscarora. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Gitche Manitou. ...

The first Europeans to visit this area, the French explorers Samuel de Champlain and Étienne Brûlé, arrived in the 17th century. French Jesuits established the mission of Sainte-Marie among the Hurons, Ontario's first European settlement, in 1649 at what is now the community of Midland. The reconstructed Jesuit mission, Sainte-Marie among the Hurons, is now an historic site. Also nearby is the Martyrs' Shrine, a church dedicated to the Canadian Martyrs, Jesuits who were killed around Georgian Bay in the 17th century. Penetanguishene, also located at the southern tip of the bay near Midland, was created as a naval base in 1793 by John Graves Simcoe. World map showing Europe Political map Europe is one of the seven continents of Earth which, in this case, is more a cultural and political distinction than a physiographic one, leading to various perspectives about Europes borders. ... Samuel de Champlain by Théophile Hamel (1870) Samuel de Champlain (about 1580 – 25 December 1635) was a French geographer, draftsman, explorer and founder of Quebec City. ... Étienne Brûlé (c. ... (16th century - 17th century - 18th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 17th century was that century which lasted from 1601-1700. ... The Society of Jesus (Latin: Societas Iesu), commonly known as the Jesuits, is a Roman Catholic religious order. ... Sainte-Marie among the Hurons (French: Sainte-Marie-au-pays-des-Hurons) was a 17th century French Jesuit mission in Wendake, the land of the Huron (Wendat) nation, located near modern Midland, Ontario. ... World map showing Europe Political map Europe is one of the seven continents of Earth which, in this case, is more a cultural and political distinction than a physiographic one, leading to various perspectives about Europes borders. ... // Events January 30 - King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland is beheaded. ... Midland (population 16,700) is a town located on Georgian Bay in Simcoe County, Ontario, Canada. ... The Society of Jesus (Latin: Societas Iesu), commonly known as the Jesuits, is a Roman Catholic religious order. ... Sainte-Marie among the Hurons (French: Sainte-Marie-au-pays-des-Hurons) was a 17th century French Jesuit mission in Wendake, the land of the Huron (Wendat) nation, located near modern Midland, Ontario. ... The Martyrs Shrine is a Roman Catholic church in Midland, Ontario, Canada, which is consecrated to the memory of the Canadian Martyrs, eight Jesuit martyrs from the mission of Sainte-Marie among the Hurons. ... The Canadian Martyrs were eight Jesuit missionaries from Sainte-Marie among the Hurons, who were martyred in the 17th century in Canada and Upstate New York. ... (16th century - 17th century - 18th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 17th century was that century which lasted from 1601-1700. ... Penetanguishene Bay and the Town Docks Penetanguishene (Penetang) is a town in Simcoe County, Ontario, Canada. ... 1793 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... John Graves Simcoe (February 25, 1752 – October 26, 1806) was the first lieutenant governor of Upper Canada (modern-day southern Ontario plus the shoreline of Georgian Bay and Lake Superior) from 1791-1796. ...

Georgian Bay was first charted in 1815 by Captain William Fitzwilliam Owen who called it Lake Manitoulin. In 1822, it was named after King George IV by Captain Henry Bayfield who made much more detailed charts of the bay. These are the basis of those in use today. The Battle of New Orleans 1815 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... William Fitzwilliam Owen (1774-1857), was a British navel officer and explorer. ... 1822 (MDCCCXXII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... George IV (George Augustus Frederick) (12 August 1762 – 26 June 1830) was king of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and Hanover from 29 January 1820 until his death. ...

Settlements

The town of Midland, at the southern end of the bay, is a popular site for summer cottages, as are the many bays and islands on the eastern shore. At the southern end of the bay, around Nottawasaga Bay, are found Collingwood, Meaford and Wasaga Beach. Owen Sound and Wiarton are located on the Bruce Peninsula along the southern and southwestern shore of the bay, while Tobermory is located at the northern tip of the Bruce Peninsula on the Main Channel. A ferry travels from Tobermory, across the Main Channel to South Baymouth on Manitoulin Island. Parry Sound, the world's deepest freshwater port, is located on the eastern shore of the bay. Midland (population 16,700) is a town located on Georgian Bay in Simcoe County, Ontario, Canada. ... Nottawasaga Bay is a bay of Lake Huron in Ontario, at the southernmost end of Georgian Bay. ... The town of Collingwood, (2000 estimated population 21,500), is located on the southern point of Georgian Bay known as Nottawasaga Bay. ... Meaford is a municipality in the Grey County area of Southern Ontario, Canada with a population of approximately 10,500. ... Wasaga Beach Wasaga Beach is a town in the Canadian province of Ontario. ... Owen Sound (44°34′N 80°56′W1; EST; 2001 population 21,431) is a city located on an inlet of Georgian Bay that is also called Owen Sound. ... Wiarton is a town in Bruce County, Ontario, Canada, on the shore of Colpoys Bay, an inlet off Georgian Bay. ... Tobermory is a small town lying at the north tip of the Bruce Peninsula in Ontario, Canada. ... The Chi-Cheemaun opening its bow visor. ... South Baymouth is a community in the Canadian province of Ontario, located on Manitoulin Island in the township of Tehkummah. ... Parry Sound (also known to many as Parry Hoot or more simply, the Hoot: population 6,500) is a town in northern Ontario, Canada, located on the eastern shore of Georgian Bay). ...

References

• Historical Atlas of Canada, Volume I: From the Beginning to 1800. Edited by R. Cole Harris. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1987. ISBN 0-8020-2495-5
• Native Languages of the Americas
• "Ojibwe History" Shultzman, L. 2000. First Nations Histories. Accessed: 2006-03-28.

External links

• Satellite view of Georgian Bay