GSLV
Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle
Fact sheet
Function	Expendable launch vehicle
Manufacturer	ISRO
Country of origin	India
Size
Height	49 m (160 ft)
Diameter	2.8 m (9.1 ft)
Mass	402,000 kg (886,000 lb)
Stages	3
Capacity
Payload to LEO	5,000 kg (11,000 lb)
Payload to GTO	2,500 kg (5,500 lb)
Launch History
Status	Active
Launch sites	Sriharikota
Total launches	5
Successes	3
Failures	1
Partial failures	1
Maiden flight	18 April 2001
Boosters (Stage 0)
No boosters	4
Engines	1 L40H Vikas 2
Thrust	680 kN
Total thrust	2,720 kN
Specific impulse	262 sec
Burn time	160 seconds
Fuel	N2O4/UDMH
First Stage
Engines	1 S139
Thrust	4,700 kN
Specific impulse	166 sec
Burn time	100 seconds
Fuel	HTPB (solid)
Second Stage
Engines	1 GS2 Vikas 4
Thrust	720 kN
Specific impulse	295 sec
Burn time	150 seconds
Fuel	N2O4/UDMH
Third Stage
Engines	1 RD-56M
Thrust	73.5 kN
Specific impulse	460 sec
Burn time	720 seconds
Fuel	LOX/LH2

The Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (usually known by its acronym, GSLV) is an expendable launch system operated by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). It was developed to enable India to launch its INSAT-type satellites into geostationary orbit and to make India less dependent on foreign rockets. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (816x1644, 70 KB)ISRO.org http://www. ... A Saturn V launch vehicle sends Apollo 15 on its way to the moon. ... The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is Indias national space agency. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_India. ... This article is about the unit of length. ... This article is about a foot as a unit of length. ... Kg redirects here. ... Look up pound in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... In military aircraft or space exploration, the payload is the carrying capacity of an aircraft or space ship, including as cargo, munitions, scientific instruments or experiments, or external fuel, although internal fuel is usually not included. ... A low Earth orbit (LEO) is an orbit in which objects such as satellites are below intermediate circular orbit (ICO) and far below geostationary orbit, but typically around 350 - 1400 km above the Earths surface. ... A geostationary transfer orbit (GTO) is a Hohmann transfer orbit around the Earth between a low Earth orbit (LEO) and a geostationary orbit (GEO). ... Sriharikota (also Sriharikote) is a barrier island off the coast of Andhra Pradesh in India. ... is the 108th day of the year (109th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the year. ... This article is about the SI unit of force. ... Specific impulse (usually abbreviated Isp) is a way to describe the efficiency of rocket and jet engines. ... Nitrogen tetroxide (or dinitrogen tetroxide) is the chemical compound N2O4. ... Unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine (UDMH) (1,1-Dimethylhydrazine) is a hypergolic rocket fuel ingredient, often used in combination with the oxidiser nitrogen tetroxide. ... For other uses, see Newton (disambiguation). ... Specific impulse (usually abbreviated Isp) is a way to describe the efficiency of rocket and jet engines. ... Hydroxy-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB), a butadiene, is a stable and easily stored synthetic rubber, often used in tire manufacturing. ... The Space Shuttle is initially launched with the help of solid-fuel boosters A Solid rocket or a solid fuel rocket is a rocket with a motor that uses solid propellants (fuel/oxidizer). ... Specific impulse (usually abbreviated Isp) is a way to describe the efficiency of rocket and jet engines. ... Nitrogen tetroxide (or dinitrogen tetroxide) is the chemical compound N2O4. ... Unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine (UDMH) (1,1-Dimethylhydrazine) is a hypergolic rocket fuel ingredient, often used in combination with the oxidiser nitrogen tetroxide. ... Specific impulse (usually abbreviated Isp) is a way to describe the efficiency of rocket and jet engines. ... Lox can stand for any of several things: Lox (salmon) - a type of salmon produce LOx (oxidizer) - liquid oxygen used as oxidizer in aerospace The Lox - was a Yonkers, NY-based rap trio This is a disambiguation page — a list of articles associated with the same title. ... LH2 is an acronym used in the aerospace industry, which stands for liquid hydrogen. ... An expendable launch system or expendable launch vehicle, ELV, is a single-use launch vehicle usually used to launch a payload into space. ... The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is Indias national space agency. ... Image taken by INSAT 2-E Shown here is a GSLV launch vehicle, one of the main launch vehicles for INSAT satellites. ... Geostationary orbit A geostationary orbit (GEO) is a geosynchronous orbit directly above the Earths equator (0° latitude), with orbital eccentricity of zero. ...

Layout

The GSLV improved on the performance of the PSLV with the addition of liquid strap-on boosters and a cryogenic upper stage. It is a three-stage launch vehicle with the first stage being solid-propelled, the second liquid-propelled and the final stage being cryogenically propelled. The solid first and liquid second stages are carried over from the PSLV. Early GSLV launches used cryogenic upper stages supplied by Russia. India originally tried to buy the technology to build a cryogenic upper stage from Russia, but under pressure from the United States, that technology was not provided. Therefore, ISRO has been working on developing a cryogenic upper stage for the past eleven years. PSLV or Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle is an expendable launch system operated by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). ... The second stage of a Minuteman III rocket A multistage (or multi-stage) rocket is a rocket that uses two or more stages, each of which contains its own engines and propellant. ...

The GSLV can place approximately 5000 kg (11,000 lbm) into an easterly low Earth orbit. Using the Russian 12KRB upper stage, with KVD-1 cryogenic rocket engine, GSLV can place 2200 kg (4,850 lbm) into an 18 degree geostationary transfer orbit. A low Earth orbit (LEO) is an orbit in which objects such as satellites are below intermediate circular orbit (ICO) and far below geostationary orbit, but typically around 350 - 1400 km above the Earths surface. ... A geostationary transfer orbit (GTO) is a Hohmann transfer orbit around the Earth between a low Earth orbit (LEO) and a geostationary orbit (GEO). ...

Liquid boosters

The GSLV uses four L40 liquid strap-on boosters derived from the L37.5 second stage, which are loaded with 40 tons of hypergolic propellants (UDMH & N₂O₄). The propellants are stored in tandem in two independent tanks 2.1 m diameter. The engine is pump-fed and generates 680 kN of thrust. A Liquid Rocket Booster (LRB) is similar to a solid rocket booster (SRB) attached to the side of a rocket to give it extra lift at takeoff. ... Hypergolic rocket fuels spontaneously ignite when their two components come into contact with each other. ...

First stage

S139 stage is 2.8 m in diameter and is made of M250 grade maraging steel and it has a nominal propellant loading of 139 t. Maraging steel is an iron-based steel alloy which is known for possessing superior strength without losing malleability. ...

Second stage

The second stage is 2.8 m in diameter and is loaded with 37.5 t of liquid propellants (UDMH & N₂O₄) in two compartments of an aluminium alloy stage tankage separated by a common bulk head. This is powered by Vikas engine, which is a pump-fed engine of 720 kN thrust.

Third stage

The third stage is 2.8 m in diameter and uses liquid hydrogen (LH2) and liquid oxygen (LOX) in two separate tanks of aluminium alloy interconnected by an inter-stage. Propellant loading is 12.5 t. ISRO plans to use its own cryogenic engine from the fifth planned GSLV flight. On November 15, 2007 the indigenously developed "Cryogenic Upper Stage" was tested for 720 seconds, its full flight duration. The test was conducted at the Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre, ISRO's rocket engine test facility in Tamil Nadu. The testing qualified the flight stage for use on the next GSLV launch (GSLV-D3), scheduled to take place in 2008.^[1] is the 319th day of the year (320th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre (LPSC) is the research centre under Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). ... Rocket firing at the WSTF A Rocket engine test facility is a location where rocket engines may be tested on the ground, under controlled conditions. ... Tamil Nadu (தமிழ் நாடு, Land of the Tamils) is a state at the southern tip of India. ...

Variants

Operational

GSLV Mk.1 (a)

This variant had a 125 t (S-125) first stage and was capable of launching 1500kg into geostationary transfer orbit. A geostationary transfer orbit (GTO) is a Hohmann transfer orbit around the Earth between a low Earth orbit (LEO) and a geostationary orbit (GEO). ...

GSLV Mk.1 (b)

This variant had 139 t (S-139) first stage and improved fuel in the strap-on boosters & second stage. This variant can launch 1900kg into geostationary transfer orbit. A geostationary transfer orbit (GTO) is a Hohmann transfer orbit around the Earth between a low Earth orbit (LEO) and a geostationary orbit (GEO). ...

GSLV Mk.1 (2)

This variant uses an Indian cryogenic engine and is capable of launching 2500kg into geostationary transfer orbit. A geostationary transfer orbit (GTO) is a Hohmann transfer orbit around the Earth between a low Earth orbit (LEO) and a geostationary orbit (GEO). ...

Launches

The first two flights of the GSLV were developmental. The first, partially successful, flight was on 18 April 2001 which launched GSAT-1. The second, which was fully successful, was on 8 May 2003 launching the experimental communication satellite GSAT-2. The first operational flight (GSLV-F01) was the launch of the EDUSAT communications satellite on 20 September 2004. is the 108th day of the year (109th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the year. ... is the 128th day of the year (129th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... EDUSAT or GSAT-3 was launched in September 2004 by the Indian Space Research Organisation. ... U.S. military MILSTAR communications satellite A communications satellite (sometimes abbreviated to comsat) is an artificial satellite stationed in space for the purposes of telecommunications. ... is the 263rd day of the year (264th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The fourth flight (GSLV-F02) on 10 July 2006 was unsuccessful in launching the 2168 kg (4,780 lb) communications satellite INSAT-4C as both rocket and satellite were destroyed over the Bay of Bengal after the rocket's trajectory veered outside of permitted limits. ^[2] A defective propellant regulator of the fourth strap-on motor caused the INSAT-4C-carrying vehicle to crash a minute after lift-off from Sriharikota on the Andhra Pradesh coast on 10 July 2006.^[3] The fifth flight of GSLV (GSLV-F04), carrying a replacement for INSAT-4C was successfully completed on 2 September 2007, carrying the INSAT-4CR satellite ( a payload of roughly 2160 kg carrying 12 KU band transponders capable of reaching across India) into Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit.^[4] is the 191st day of the year (192nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... INSAT-4C was to be Indias most advanced communications satellite, and was the second satellite in the INSAT 4 series. ... Look up Bay of Bengal in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Sriharikota (also Sriharikote) is a barrier island off the coast of Andhra Pradesh in India. ... Andhra redirects here. ... is the 191st day of the year (192nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 245th day of the year (246th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

The five flights of GSLV so far have used Russian cryogenic engine for the last stage. The next flight scheduled some time in 2008 will use an indigenous cryogenic engine developed by ISRO.

Launch log

is the 108th day of the year (109th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the year. ... Sriharikota (also Sriharikote) is a barrier island off the coast of Andhra Pradesh in India. ... is the 128th day of the year (129th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Sriharikota (also Sriharikote) is a barrier island off the coast of Andhra Pradesh in India. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... is the 263rd day of the year (264th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Sriharikota (also Sriharikote) is a barrier island off the coast of Andhra Pradesh in India. ... is the 191st day of the year (192nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Sriharikota (also Sriharikote) is a barrier island off the coast of Andhra Pradesh in India. ... INSAT-4C was to be Indias most advanced communications satellite, and was the second satellite in the INSAT 4 series. ... is the 245th day of the year (246th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... Sriharikota (also Sriharikote) is a barrier island off the coast of Andhra Pradesh in India. ... Image taken by INSAT 2-E Indian National Satellite System (INSAT) is a series of multipurpose satellites launched by ISRO for telecommunications, broadcasting, meteorology, and search and rescue services. ...

Comparable Rockets

• Ariane 3
• Delta II
• Soyuz-U

Ariane 2 and Ariane 3 were expendable launch systems in the Ariane family designed by the European Space Agency. ... The Delta II family of launch vehicles was designed and built by Boeings Integrated Defense Systems division and has been in service since 1989. ... The Soyuz-U or 11A511U rocket in the Soviet rocket designation series was a version of the Soyuz launch vehicle first introduced in 1973. ...

Trivia

Trivia sections are discouraged under Wikipedia guidelines. The article could be improved by integrating relevant items and removing inappropriate ones.

• The GSLV-Mk III is the successor to this rocket, and is scheduled for launch around 2007-2008.
• The GSLV variant with a different cryogenic stage is technically known as the GSLV-II, hence the GSLV-III's name.
• A modified GSLV-Mk II is being considered for India's proposed manned mission in 2014. The GSLV-I/II has the capability to lift a 3-4 tonne Gemini-class capsule carrying two cosmonauts.[1][2]

The GSLV-III or Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle Mark III is a launch vehicle currently under development by the Indian Space Research Organization to launch heavy satellites into geostationary orbit, and will allow India to be less dependent on foreign rockets for heavy lifting. ...

External links

• ISRO GSLV Page
• INDIA in Space - GSLV Page
• 12KRB (KVD-1) upper stage at Khrunichev Space Center

References

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding reliable references. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (September 2007)

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Current:	Spaceflight Portal Ariane 5 · Atlas V · Cosmos-3M · Delta II · Delta IV · Dnepr · GSLV · H-IIA · Long March · Minotaur · Pegasus · Proton · PSLV · Rockot · Shavit · Shtil' · Start-1 · Strela · Soyuz (U, FG, 2) · Taurus · Tsyklon-3 · Volna · Zenit is the 319th day of the year (320th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... Image File history File links Question_book-3. ... An expendable launch system or expendable launch vehicle, ELV, is a single-use launch vehicle usually used to launch a payload into space. ... Ariane 5 is a European expendable launch system designed to deliver payloads into geostationary transfer orbit or low Earth orbit. ... Atlas V is a launch vehicle formerly built by Lockheed Martin and now built by the Lockheed Martin-Boeing joint venture United Launch Alliance in Decatur, Alabama. ... The Cosmos-3M (11K65M) (Russian: Космос-3Ðœ) is a Russian space launch vehicle. ... The Delta II family of launch vehicles was designed and built by Boeings Integrated Defense Systems division and has been in service since 1989. ... It has been suggested that some sections of this article be split into a new article entitled Delta IV launches. ... The Dnepr rocket (Ukrainian: ; Russian: ) is a space launch vehicle named after the Dnieper River. ... The H-IIA is a family of liquid-fuelled rockets providing an expendable launch system for the purpose of launching satellites into geostationary orbit. ... CZ-2F rocket A Long March rocket (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; Pinyin: ) is any rocket in a family of expendable launch systems operated by the Peoples Republic of China. ... The Minotaur I Rocket is an American solid fuel rocket designed to launch small satellites. ... Pegasus rocket on the ground Pegasus rocket attached to bottom of carrier aircraft The Pegasus rocket is a winged space booster developed by Orbital Sciences Corporation (Orbital). ... The Proton rocket (Прото́н) (formal designation: UR-500) is a rocket used in an expendable launch system for both commercial and Russian government launches. ... The PSLV or Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle is an expendable launch system operated by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). ... Rockot The Rockot is a Russian space launch vehicle. ... Shavit (Hebrew: comet) is a launch vehicle produced by Israel. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Volna. ... START-1 is a Russian orbital (or satellite) launch vehicle based on RT-2PM Topol, a Soviet intercontinental ballistic missile developed by Moscow Institute of Thermal Technology. ... The UR-100 was an intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) developed and deployed by the Soviet Union from 1966 to 1996. ... Soyuz rocket on launch pad. ... The Soyuz-U or 11A511U rocket in the Soviet rocket designation series was a version of the Soyuz launch vehicle first introduced in 1973. ... The Soyuz-FG launch vehicle is an improved version of Soyuz-U LV in R-7 family of rockets, designed and constructed by TsSKB-Progress in Samara. ... This article is about the carrier rocket. ... Taurus is an German/Swedish air-launched cruise missile, manufactured by EADS, Saab Bofors Dynamics and used by Germany and Sweden. ... Space launch vehicle Volna (wave in Russian), is a converted SLBM used for launching artificial satellites into Orbit. ... The Zenit rocket (Ukrainian: Зеніт, Russian: Зени́т; meaning Zenith) is a space launch vehicle manufactured by the Yuzhnoe Design Bureau of Ukraine. ...
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