Yining became the capital of an autonomous district in 1954. In 1962, major Sino-Soviet clashes took place along the Ili River.
Geography
Yining is located on the Ili River in the Dzungarian basin, near the border with Kazakhstan, and about 390 km west of Urumqi. The Ili River valley is far wetter than any other part of Xinjiang and has rich grazing land.
Economy
Yining is the chief city, agricultural market, and commercial centre of the Ili River valley. It is an old commercial center trading in tea and cattle, and it is still an agricultural area with extensive livestock raising. It has fruit orchards. Iron and coal are mined nearby.
Seine Quelle liegt zwischen dessen Teilgebirgen Narat (Khaliq tau) und Irenchabirga (Ereen Chabarg), die bis zu 5.500 m hoch aufragen.
Von dort aus fließt der wasserreiche Ili über Ghulja* in westlicher Richtung, durch ein stets breiter werdendes Hochgebirgstal zur Grenze nach Kasachstan.
Dessen ungeachtet fließt er danach trotzdem mit verhältnismäßig viel Wasser durch das Siebenstromland in nordwestlicher Richtung durch eine wüstenhafte Steppe in den abflusslosen Balchaschsee.
After returning to East Turkistan from Turkey, where he studied, he organized the first Uyghur language gazette in the Ili district of Xinjiang (Ila déryasi (?)) and was its editor from 1934 to 1944.
He was also the first person to organize a public library in the city of Ghulja (Kuljia).
In the 1940s, he taught at the Tatar school in Ghulja.
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