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The city of Gifu (岐阜市, Gifu-shi?) is located in the south-central portion of Gifu Prefecture, Japan, and serves as the prefectural capital. Before becoming a city, it was part of Atsumi District, but it has since been designated a core city by the national government. In political geography and international politics, a country is a political division of a geographical entity, a sovereign territory, most commonly associated with the notions of state or nation and government. ...
Map of the regions of Japan. ...
Chubu region, Japan Mount Fuji is the Chūbu regions most famous landmark. ...
The prefectures of Japan are the countrys 47 sub-national jurisdictions: one metropolis (都 to), Tokyo; one circuit (é“ dÅ), HokkaidÅ; two urban prefectures (府 fu), Osaka and Kyoto; and 43 other prefectures (県 ken). ...
Area is a physical quantity expressing the size of a part of a surface. ...
Population density by country, 2006 Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. ...
Square kilometre (US spelling: Square kilometer), symbol km², is an SI unit of surface area. ...
The coniferous Coast Redwood, the tallest tree species on earth. ...
Binomial name (Thunb. ...
A Phalaenopsis flower Rudbeckia fulgida A flower, (<Old French flo(u)r<Latin florem<flos), also known as a bloom or blossom, is the reproductive structure found in flowering plants (plants of the division Magnoliophyta, also called angiosperms). ...
Salvia Splendens (scarlet sage) is noteworthy because if its appearant psychoactive properties. ...
Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...
A mayor (from the Latin mÄior, meaning larger, greater) is the modern title of the highest ranking municipal officer. ...
An address is a code and abstract concept expressing the fixed location of a home, business or other building on the earths surface. ...
A telephone number is a sequence of decimal digits that uniquely indicates the network termination point. ...
Gifu Prefecture (å²é˜œçœŒ Gifu-ken), is located in the Chubu region of central Japan. ...
Most of the area's history is a result of its location in the middle of Japan. During the Warring States Period, Gifu thrived as a castle town, first under the protection of Saitō Dōsan, then under the protection of Oda Nobunaga, and it was often a staging point for battles in the effort to unify Japan. During the Edo Period, Gifu and its neighboring post town, Kanō-juku, thrived as major rest areas along the Nakasendō. Eventually, the city's economy became supported by the fashion industry, but now the city is looking towards the manufacturing industry to boost its economy. The Sengoku Period (戦国時代 Sengoku jidai) or warring-states period, is a period of long civil war in the History of Japan that spans through the middle 15th to the early 17th centuries. ...
A castle town is a kind of town or city where residents live surrounding the castle at the center. ...
Saito Dosan (æ–Žè—¤ é“三 1494-1556) was the epitome of the daimyo that dramatically rose and also fell from power in Sengoku period Japan. ...
This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ...
The Edo period ), also called Tokugawa period, is a division of Japanese history running from 1603 to 1868. ...
KanÅ-juku ) was the fifty-third of the sixty-nine stations of the NakasendÅ. It is located just south of JR Gifu Station in Gifu, Gifu Prefecture, Japan. ...
The NakasendÅ (ä¸å±±é“) was one of two Tokugawa-era roads connecting Edo (modern-day Tokyo) to Kyoto in Japan. ...
Much of Gifu's land area has been gained as the result of many mergers, but most of that came through mergers with the neighboring Kanō Town in 1940 and Yanaizu Town in 2006. As a result, Gifu's geography is very diverse, ranging from the built-up city center to persimmon orchards and rice paddies in the outskirts. Yanaizu (柳津町; -chou) is a town located in Hashima District, Gifu, Japan. ...
Species See text A Persimmon is any of a number of species of trees of the genus Diospyros, and the edible fruit borne by them. ...
History
Two archaeological sites in the city of Gifu have shown that the area around modern-day Gifu has had residents since pre-history[2], most likely because of Gifu's location in the fertile Nōbi Plains. The Ryomonji and Kotozuka sites have produced large burial mounds that are representative of the late-Yayoi Period,[2] which is when rice cultivation began in Japan. As civilization in Japan grew, permanent settlements began to appear and, eventually, Inokuchi Village was established, which would eventually become the modern city of Gifu. The following text needs to be harmonized with text in the article History of Japan#Yayoi Period. ...
Warring States Period
 Mt. Kinka (formerly Mt. Inaba) "Control Gifu and you control Japan"[3] was a common phrase during the Warring States Period (15th to 17th century) because Gifu's location in the center of Japan made it a desirable location for anyone looking to unify Japan. For over 200 hundred years, the Mino Province (including the present-day city of Gifu) was under control of the Toki Clan, a powerful regional clan.[4] However, during the Warring States Period, Saitō Dōsan, a Toki vassal, rebelled against his clan and took control of Mino Province in 1542 and built Inabayama Castle atop Mount Inaba,[3] from which he began his quest to unify Japan. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1600 × 1200 pixel, file size: 313 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) This a picture of Mt. ...
Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1600 × 1200 pixel, file size: 313 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) This a picture of Mt. ...
Mino (美濃国; -no kuni) is an old province of Japan, which today composes nearly the southern part of Gifu prefecture. ...
The Toki clan ) was a powerful clan that ruled in Japan from the Kamakura Period to the Edo Period. ...
Inabayama Castle Inabayama Castle, is a large castle built at Kinka, by Nikaido atop a mountain during the Kamakura Period. ...
Located in the heart of the city of Gifu, Gifu, Japan, Mt. ...
During Dōsan's reign, his daughter Nohime married Oda Nobunaga, an aspiring warlord from the neighboring Owari province.[3] As Nobunaga had a vision to unite all of Japan, much like Dōsan did, Nobunaga rebelled and overthrew Dōsan in the mid-sixteenth century, much like Dōsan did to his retainer.[citation needed] It was during Nobunaga's reign of power that the area finally received its modern name. After consulting with a Buddhist priest,[3] Nobunaga renamed the village and the surrounding Mino Province to Gifu in 1567.[5] He took the first character (岐 gi) from Qishan (岐山), the legendary mountain from which most of ancient China was unified. The second character (阜 fu) means "base of the mountain." Though he was not originally from the area, he chose to use Dōsan's castle and mountain as his base of operations, which he renamed Gifu Castle and Mt. Kinka, respectively. Events The Duke of Alva arrives in the Netherlands with Spanish forces to suppress unrest there. ...
Inabayama Castle Inabayama Castle, is a large castle built at Kinka, by Nikaido atop a mountain during the Kamakura Period. ...
Located in the heart of the city of Gifu, Gifu, Japan, Mt. ...
Gifu's economy grew immensely during this period. One reason for the growth was its location at the center of Nobunaga's expanding empire. Additionally, Nobunaga established Rakuichi Rakuza (楽市楽座), a free market for his citizens to use, in direct response to the commercial monopoly of the area's temples and shrines.[2] The liveliness of the town caused Louis Frois, a Portuguese Jesuit Missionary and guest of Nobunaga, to comment that Gifu reminded him of a "bustling Babylon."[6] LuÃs Fróis (1532 – July 8, 1597) was a dedicated Portuguese missionary. ...
Edo & Meiji Periods Following the death of Nobunaga, Gifu's growth continued on through the Edo period with the establishment of the Nakasendō as one of Tokugawa's five routes. Though the route did not pass directly through Gifu, the post towns of Kanō and Gōdo were nearby. (These two former towns now make up parts of the modern city of Gifu.) With Gifu now being easily accessible to much of Japan, it was able to continue to prosper. The Edo period ), also called Tokugawa period, is a division of Japanese history running from 1603 to 1868. ...
The NakasendÅ (ä¸å±±é“) was one of two Tokugawa-era roads connecting Edo (modern-day Tokyo) to Kyoto in Japan. ...
Tokugawa (å¾³å·) is a surname in Japan. ...
The Five Routes (五街道 Gokaidō) were the five major roads leading to and from Edo (now Tokyo) during the Tokugawa period, the most important of which was the Tokaido which linked Edo and Kyoto. ...
KanÅ-juku ) was the fifty-third of the sixty-nine stations of the NakasendÅ. It is located just south of JR Gifu Station in Gifu, Gifu Prefecture, Japan. ...
GÅdo-juku ) was the fifty-fourth of the sixty-nine stations of the NakasendÅ. It is located in the present-day city of Gifu, Gifu Prefecture, Japan. ...
Gifu's Earthquake Memorial Hall Around the middle of the Meiji period, Gifu was officially established as a city on July 1, 1889, with an original population of 25,750 people and an area of 10km².[7] On October 28, 1891, just over two years after the city's founding, there was the Mino-Owari Earthquake, which is estimated to have had an 8 magnitude on the Richter Scale.[8] In this city alone, this resulted in 1,505 casualties (245 dead, 1,260 injured) and 6,336 buildings affected (3,993 of which were completely destroyed).[1] As a result, Gifu erected the first Earthquake Memorial Hall in all of Japan, which holds memorial services for the victims on the 28th of every month.[6] Gifu, though, was able to recover from the earthquake and, by 1911, municipal street car service began throughout the city.[7] Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1280 × 960 pixel, file size: 557 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) I took this picture of the Earthquake Memorial Hall in Gifu City in July 2007. ...
Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1280 × 960 pixel, file size: 557 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) I took this picture of the Earthquake Memorial Hall in Gifu City in July 2007. ...
The Meiji period ) denotes the 45-year reign of Emperor Meiji, running from 8 September 1868 (in the Gregorian calendar, 23 October 1868) to 30 July 1912. ...
The Mino-Owari Earthquake ) was a large earthquake that struck the Mino Plains area during the Meiji period in Japan. ...
World War II In 1940, Gifu merged with the former post town of Kanō, greatly increasing its land area. Kanō had many traditional industries, which helped increase Gifu's overall industrial strength. With the neighboring city of Kakamigahara serving as an aeronautics center for Japan, Gifu was a large industrial center during World War II, including a downtown manufacturing sector.[9] As a result, Gifu was the target of heavy firebombing by the United States Air Force, culminating in the Gifu Air Raid of July 9, 1945, which resulted in 1,383 casualties (863 dead, 520 injured) and 20,426 buildings being affected.[7] Gifu commemorates these events each year on July 9, with the ringing of the Peace Bell at each temple within the city. Its sister cities also take part in these events. Kakamigahara (各務原市; -shi) is a city located in Gifu, Japan. ...
Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki TÅjÅ Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000...
Firebombing is a bombing technique designed to damage a target, generally an urban area, through the use of fire rather than the blast effects of large bombs. ...
The United States Air Force (USAF) is the aerial warfare branch of the United States armed forces and one of the seven uniformed services. ...
Strategic bombing is a military strategem used in a total war style campaign that attempts to destroy the economic ability of a nation-state to wage war. ...
is the 190th day of the year (191st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar). ...
During World War II, Gifu also served as the base for the creation of Japan's fire balloons. These paper-based, bomb-carrying hot air ballons were used in an failed attempt to cause havoc on American soil. Local high school girls made these fire balloons out of Mino washi (a thin, yet strong, type of Japanese paper) and konnyaku paste.[10] Originally, rubberized silk was used to help these bombs use the newly discovered jet stream to traverse the Pacific Ocean, but Gifu's paper was found to be both stronger, lighter, and more air tight.[citation needed] Shotdown fire balloon reinflated by Americans in California The term fire balloon can mean a small unmanned hot air balloon for festivities; this is also called a sky lantern. ...
The Sugiharagami (æ‰åŽŸç´™), a kind of Washi Washi (和紙) or Wagami is a type of paper made in Japan. ...
Binomial name Amorphophallus konjac K. Koch, 1858 Konnyaku Konnyaku (蒟蒻), also known as Konjak, Devils tongue, Voodoo lily or Snake palm, is a tubiferous plant grown in Japan used to create a flour of the same name. ...
Modern History In the years following the wars, Gifu established itself as a center of fashion in Japan, rivalling Tokyo and Osaka in its level of influence.[citation needed] The city's growth reached such a point that it was designated a "core city" by the national government in 1996.[11] As its fashion industry has declined, however, the city has been looking towards manufacturing to revive the economy.[citation needed] A recent construction boom, much of which has occurred around JR Gifu Station, has shown that the city is on the rebound. Both public construction projects (station area renovations and elevated walkways) and private ones (Gifu City Tower 43) are revitalizing the city of Gifu.[11] Core cities are cities of Japan designated by Article 252, Clause 22 and the first term of the Local Autonomy Law. ...
Gifu Station (å²é˜œé§…, gifu-eki) is a train station operated by Central Japan Railway Company (JR Central) and is located in the heart of Gifu City. ...
The city of Gifu is currently promoting the Slow Life City Initiative, which is similar, but more comprehensive than, the slow food initiative. In addition to slow food, Gifu also hopes to include slow industry (traditional crafts), slow education (studying quality of life), and slow tourism (represented by cormorant fishing).[11] The Slow Food movement was created to combat fast food and claims to preserve the cultural cuisine and the associated food plants and seeds, domestic animals, and farming within an ecoregion. ...
Gifu continued its expansion in 2006 by merging with the neighboring town of Yanaizu, leading to its present size.
Lifestyle The downtown area of the city is generally considered a bedroom community of nearby Nagoya. The ease of commute between the two cities, as well as the plentiful apartment construction underway, has contributed to this distinction. Just north of Gifu Station is Gifu City Tower 43, a 43-story high-rise building that is to open in autumn 2007 as the tallest building in Gifu Prefecture.[11] The upper 30 floors are divided into two- and three-bedroom apartments, including those for senior citizens.[12] The lower floors will be used as offices or shops for targeted services such as medical care. Additionally, there is public space at the top of the building, which will allow residents a second 360-degree view of Gifu[11], with the first one being the view from Gifu Castle. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 427 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (774 × 1087 pixel, file size: 326 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) I took this picture of Gifu Tower 43 in July 2007. ...
Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 427 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (774 × 1087 pixel, file size: 326 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) I took this picture of Gifu Tower 43 in July 2007. ...
Commuters waiting for the morning train in Maplewood, New Jersey A bedroom community, dormitory town, or commuter town is a community that is primarily residential in character, with most of its workers commuting to a nearby town or city to earn their livelihood. ...
Nagoya Castle Nagoya (åå¤å±‹å¸‚; -shi) is the fourth largest (third largest metropolitan region) and the third most prosperous city in Japan. ...
Additional apartment complexes are also being built throughout the city to serve other residents. Much of this additional building is being completed due to Toyota relocating its main offices from Tokyo to Nagoya. The employees in those offices will be moving to many nearby areas, including Gifu, around Nagoya.
Gifu City Hall is promoting a Slow Life Gifu City campaign,[13] designed to encourage residents to lead a slower lifestyles. This campaign intends to give an alternative to the fast-paced life of the modern world. Major parts of this campaign include more dependence on locally grown food, traditional culture and arts, and activities to increase citizens’ participation in their community.[13]
Industry
A closeup of Gifu's skyline Gifu's first major industry was textiles. For a long period of time it rivaled Tokyo and Osaka to lead the Japanese fashion industry. The area just north of JR Gifu Station is open to many smaller clothing stores catering to many types of consumers. Furthermore, the city's main downtown covered shopping arcade, Yanagase, encloses many of clothing, shoes, and accessories shops that carry both domestic and overseas goods. Over the past decade, though, Gifu's fashion industry went into a steep decline, the city has began looking for other industries to prop up the local economy. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1280 × 960 pixel, file size: 592 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) A closeup shot of Gifus skyline I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ...
Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1280 × 960 pixel, file size: 592 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) A closeup shot of Gifus skyline I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ...
, literally Eastern capital) is a unique subnational administrative region of Japan with characteristics of both a prefecture and a city. ...
Osaka ) is a city in Japan, located at the mouth of the Yodo River on Osaka Bay, in the Kansai region of the main island of Honshū. The city is the capital of Osaka Prefecture. ...
Entrance to West Yanagase Yanagase ) is a downtown covered shopping arcade that serves as the main shopping area in Gifu City, Gifu Prefecture, Japan. ...
One such industry that Gifu has been able to depend on is the manufacturing industry. Because the city is located close to Aichi Prefecture and its many major automotive and heavy industry companies, such as Toyota, it has become a prosperous area for many metalworking, mold and die, and parts subcontractors. Its ease of access to neighboring areas using public transportation and highways has allowed companies to set up many factories and facilities in the area. For the company, see Aichi Steel Corporation. ...
Toyota Motor Corporation ), or Toyota is a Japanese multinational corporation and the worlds largest automaker by sales revenue as of 2007[3] (in front of General Motors). ...
In addition to the modern industries upon which Gifu's economy rests, the city also has a wide array of traditional industries, which include traditional Japanese fans, Gifu paper, and ayu-based food goods. Many shops, both small and large, can be found throughout the city which produce these goods. The most well-known local industries, though, are traditional lanterns and umbrellas. There are approximately 15 businesses that make lanterns in the city, the most famous of which is the Ozeki Lantern, Co. In the Kanō area, visitors have the opportunity to take a course and make their own paper umbrellas.
Tourism
Cormorant Fishing
 Cormorant Fishing on the Nagara River -
Main article: Cormorant Fishing on the Nagara River Cormorant fishing is the representative tourist attraction of Gifu. Though cormorant fishing occurs in many places in Japan, it is only on the Nagara River that cormorant fishing has an uninterrupted over 1,300 year history.[14] This is also the largest display of cormorant fishing in all of Japan, with six fishing masters going down the river at the same time, using their birds to catch ayu (sweetfish). The cormorant fishing season lasts from May 11 to October 15 every year and occurs each night, except during high water levels and the harvest moon. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 532 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1419 × 1600 pixel, file size: 237 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) I took this picture on June 16, 2007, while watching Cormorant Fishing on the Nagara River in Gifu City, Japan. ...
Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 532 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1419 × 1600 pixel, file size: 237 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) I took this picture on June 16, 2007, while watching Cormorant Fishing on the Nagara River in Gifu City, Japan. ...
Cormorant Fishing on the Nagara River Cormorant Fishing on the Nagara River ) has played a vital role in the history of Gifu City, Gifu, Japan. ...
For other uses, see Cormorant (disambiguation). ...
The Nagara River ) has its source in the city of Gujo, Gifu Prefecture, and its mouth in Kuwana, Mie Prefecture, Japan. ...
Binomial name Plecoglossus altivelis (Temminck & Schlegel, 1846) This is an article about a fish ayu. For a Japanese singer, see Ayumi Hamasaki. ...
Matsuo Bashō, a renowned haiku poet, spent many months in Gifu, creating haiku about many things, including cormorant fishing. Famed comedian Charlie Chaplin also came to view cormorant fishing on the Nagara River twice and came away very moved.[14] A statue of BashÅ in Hiraizumi, Iwate. ...
Haiku ) is a mode of Japanese poetry, the late 19th century revision by Masaoka Shiki of the older hokku ), the opening verse of a linked verse form, haikai no renga. ...
Sir Charles Spencer Chaplin, Jr. ...
Museums Gifu has a wide range of museums available to its citizens and visitors. To further promote the use of these facilities, the city instituted a policy in 2006 that allows elementary and junior high school students to enter many of the museums for free.
 Armor on display at the Museum of History The largest of the city-supported museums is the Gifu City Museum of History. It is located in Gifu Park and its permanent exhibit primarily focuses on Gifu's past and contains many hands-on exhibits.[15] It often hosts special exhibits, though, providing a broader field of information to its visitors. Also located in Gifu Park is the Eizō & Tōichi Katō Memorial Art Museum, which is a semi-autonomous branch of the history museum. This art museum is dedicated to the works of the brothers Eizō and Tōichi Katō, famous artists born in Gifu Prefecture. These brothers' paintings had many subjects, but the Nagara River and cormorant fishing feature prominently in a number of pieces. The Yanaizu Folklore Museum in the Yanaizu-chō area of the city is the other branch of the Museum of History.[15] Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2560 × 1920 pixel, file size: 1. ...
Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2560 × 1920 pixel, file size: 1. ...
Gifu City Museum of History The Gifu City Museum of History ) is a city-supported history museum located in Gifu City, Gifu, Japan. ...
Memorial Art Museum The EizÅ & TÅichi KatÅ Memorial Art Museum ) is a museum located in Gifu City, Gifu, Japan. ...
Kato Eizo (åŠ è—¤æ „ä¸‰, b. ...
Kato Toichi (åŠ è—¤æ±ä¸€, b. ...
There are two other museums in Gifu Park, too. The Nawa Insect Museum, next to the history museum, and the Gifu Castle Archive Museum, next to Gifu Castle atop Mt. Kinka. The Nawa Insect Museum was founded by Yasushi Nawa, Japan's "Insect Man," in 1919,[16] and provides a closeup look at insects and their world. Billboard for the Nawa Insect Museum The Nawa Insect Museum ) is a museum in Gifu City, Gifu, Japan. ...
Yasushi Nawa ) was an entomologist who was born in 1857 and died in 1926. ...
Other museums include the Gifu City Science Museum and the Museum of Fine Arts, Gifu, both located near the prefectural office. In addition to the Science Museum's general science exhibits, it also includes a planetarium and a rooftop observatory, allowing visitors to learn about the day and night sky. The prefectural Museum of Fine Arts was opened in 1982 as a museum dedicated to art and artists related to Gifu Prefecture, though it also contains pieces from the world over.[17] The Gifu City Science Museum ) is a city-supported museum in Gifu City, Gifu, Japan. ...
The Museum of Fine Arts, Gifu ) is art museum located in Gifu City, Gifu Prefecture, Japan. ...
Festivals and Events A wide array of festivals and events take place in Gifu throughout the year. Some have long histories, honoring Gifu's past and Japan's traditions, while others are more modern, representing the views of its citizens.
The first major festivals of the year are the Dosan Festival and the Gifu Festival, both of which occur on the first Saturday and following Sunday of April.[18] The Dosan Festival is a memorial to Saito Dosan, so much of the festivities take place near Jozai-ji, where his remains are buried. The Gifu Festival is a Shinto festival that begins at Inaba Shrine and winds its way through other shrines within the city. Both festivals include street vendors, flea markets, and floats being paraded through the city. The Gifu Nobunaga Festival, which takes place on the first Saturday and following Sunday of October, also pays homage to a former lord of Gifu. This festival centers on the downtown area and includes a procession of horses and warriors down the city's main streets.[1]
The city also has festivals representing its cultural heritage. Twice each year, there is a Tejikara Fire Festival. It first occurs on the second Saturday of April at Tejikarao Shrine and it again occurs on the second Sunday of August at Nagara River Park.[18] These festivals are composed of half-naked men carrying shrines and other devices that shoot off a large of sparks, in addition to ringing bells. Near the end of August, the city also sponsors Takigi Noh, a traditional form of Japanese theater that takes place on the banks of the Nagara River and is lit only by the surrounding bonfires and the fires of cormorant boats.[18] This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ...
Also twice a year, Gifu plays hosts to two large fireworks festivals. Large numbers of visitors gather on the banks of the Nagara River between Nagara and Kinka Bridge to see these festivals, the size and scope of which are rivalled by few places throughout Japan.[16] The first festival, the Chunichi Shimbun Nagara River All-Japan Fireworks Festival, occurs on the last Saturday of July. The second festival, the Nagara River National Fireworks Display, occurs on the first Saturday of August.[18] Approximately 30,000 fireworks are set off at each festival, with crowds of 400,000 and 120,000 visitors, respectively. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 450 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (768 × 1024 pixel, file size: 258 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) I took this picture while walking down Nagarabashi-dori in Gifu, Gifu, on December 1, 2005. ...
Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 450 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (768 × 1024 pixel, file size: 258 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) I took this picture while walking down Nagarabashi-dori in Gifu, Gifu, on December 1, 2005. ...
Chunichi Shimbun (ä¸æ—¥æ–°èž ChÅ«nichi Shinbun) is a Japanese language daily newspaper published in mostly Aichi Prefecture and neighboring regions. ...
As a major civic event, the downtown area serves as the location for Flag Art Displays a few times throughout the year. The flags displayed measure approximately 3m tall by 1.8m wide.[19] Each set of displays revolves around a different theme (eg. the beauty of Gifu or AIDS Awareness) or are created by specific group of persons (eg. local school students or local artists).
Athletics The main sporting facility in the city is the Gifu Memorial Center, whose complex includes facilities for athletic and other events. Its athletic facilities include a track and field complex, a baseball stadium, plazas for tennis and swimming, martial arts and traditional arts facilities, etc. There are also two large multi-purpose domes: the Deai Dome (seats 5,000) and the Fureai Dome (seats 700).[20] All of the facilities are equipped for night events. The soccer field at the Memorial Center serves as the home to FC Gifu, the city's representative in the J-League. Next to Memorial Center is the Nagaragawa Sports Plaza, a sports science and training center. The facility is able to provide accommodations for up to 300 people and gives them access to state-of-the-art equipment for improving their athletic ability.[20] The Gifu Memorial Center ) is a collection of sports facilities located in Gifu City, Gifu Prefecture, Japan. ...
F.C. Gifu ) are a Japanese football (soccer) club based in Gifu Prefecture. ...
The J. League (in Japanese: Jリーグ, Officially 日本プロサッカーリーグ) is the top professional football league in Japan. ...
Just south of these sports facilities, the Naoko Takahashi Road runs along the northern bank of the Nagara River. This pedestrian pathway is named after the Gifu-born marathoner Naoko Takahashi, who won the gold medal in the event at the Athens Olympic Games. This road primarily stretches from Nagara Bridge to Chusetsu Bridge, providing a convenient course for events such as the Terry Fox Run and the Nagaragawa International Inline Skating Competition. Naoko Takahashi (born May 6, 1972 in Gifu) is a Japanese long-distance runner competing mainly in the marathon. ...
Camp Julien, Afghanistan - Major-General Andrew Leslie leads Canadian troops through one of the many 2-km laps of the camp perimeter that make up the first Terry Fox Run ever held in Kabul. ...
Other Attractions
 Sakura in bloom in a Gifu park Gifu Park is one of the major tourist attractions of the city because it contains many of the museums and is near so many other sightseeing spots. However, it also serves as a gathering place because of its large shaded areas that include ponds, waterfalls and other peaceful escapes. Cherry trees and wisteria vines in the spring attract many visitors, too. Next to Gifu Park is Mt. Kinka, which serves as one of the main symbols of Gifu. It rises 329 m into the sky along the banks of the Nagara River and serves as the home of Gifu Castle and many hiking trails. Image File history File links Metadata No higher resolution available. ...
Image File history File links Metadata No higher resolution available. ...
“Cherry Blossom†redirects here. ...
Rest area in Gifu Park Gifu Park ) is a public park located at the base of Mt. ...
Located in the heart of the city of Gifu, Gifu, Japan, Mt. ...
Other places to rest include Bairin Park, a local park that is filled with over fifty types of plum trees[6] which bloom in an array of colors, from white to dark pink, each Spring. For those who would like to rest indoors, Nagaragawa Onsen is a popular choice. This is a collection of onsen and ryokan located along the Nagara River in central Gifu.[21] Its many springs have a high iron content, which is beneficial for a variety of minerals for ailments.[14] Also, its close location to the Nagaragawa Convention Center and various high class hotels make it a popular area for guests. Bairin Park Bairin Park ) is a city-supported park located in Gifu, Gifu Prefecture, Japan. ...
Binomial name Prunus mume Siebold & Zucc. ...
Outdoor pool, Naruko Outdoor Onsen on Nakanoshima island in Nachikatsuura, Wakayama Prefecture Old onsen in Hakone An private outdoor rotenburo in Gorakadan Guidebook to Hakone from 1811 This rotenburo at Jigokudani Onsen is for Japanese Macaques. ...
‹ The template below (Expand) is being considered for deletion. ...
For shopping, Yanagase is able to fill most people's needs. This covered shopping arcade is the primary shopping district of Gifu and, in addition to its many smaller retail shops and restaurants, Yanagase is also home to Takashimaya, Muji, and two movie theaters. It was made famous throughout the country when Kenichi Mikawa's hit, "Yanagase Blues," was released in the 1960s. Entrance to West Yanagase Yanagase ) is a downtown covered shopping arcade that serves as the main shopping area in Gifu City, Gifu Prefecture, Japan. ...
Namba Station and Takashimaya Osaka Department Store Shinjuku Takashimaya Times Square in Shibuya-ku, Tokyo Takashimaya Co. ...
MUJI store in Paris Ryohin Keikaku Co. ...
Historical Areas
Castles Gifu's most famous castle is Gifu Castle, located on Mt. Kinka. First built by the Nikaidō family during the Kamakura Period, the castle has gone through many forms, with its current version being rebuilt in 1956.[16] One of its first major residents was Saitō Dōsan, who lived in the castle when it was still being called Inabayama Castle. The next resident of the castle, Oda Nobunaga, changed the castle's name at the same time that he changed the name of the surrounding town. From the top of the castle, visitors have a 360-degree view, effectively giving them a view to all the borders of the city. Inside the castle are many artifacts from its past. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1280 × 960 pixel, file size: 598 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) A panorama view of Gifu City I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ...
Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1280 × 960 pixel, file size: 598 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) A panorama view of Gifu City I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ...
Inabayama Castle Inabayama Castle, is a large castle built at Kinka, by Nikaido atop a mountain during the Kamakura Period. ...
The following text needs to be harmonized with text in the article History of Japan#Kamakura Period. ...
Though the two other castles in the city, Kanō Castle and Kawate Castle, only have ruins marking their former presence, they both have had important roles in the city's past. Kanō Castle was built shortly after the Battle of Sekigahara when Tokugawa Ieyasu ordered the Toyotomi family to build it upon the ruins of a former medieval castle. Okudaira Nobumasa was the first person to live in the castle and he was followed by his descendants until the Meiji Period. The castle's citadel ruins are designated a National Historic Site.[6] Kawate Castle was used by Toki while he was guarding Owari, Ise and Mino provinces as the Chief Retainer of the Muromachi Shogunate. It was also often used as a meeting place for the cultural and social elite from Kyōto.[6] There is a stone monument near Seibi High School marking the castle's location. KanÅ Castle ) was a castle that was built during peace time in the 15th and 16th centuries, but only its ruins remain in the present-day city of Gifu, Gifu Prefecture, Japan. ...
Kawate Castle ) was a castle that existed between the Nanboku-chÅ period and the Sengoku period. ...
Combatants Forces loyal to Toyotomi Hideyori Forces of Tokugawa Ieyasu Commanders Ishida Mitsunari, MÅri Terumoto, others Tokugawa Ieyasu, others Strength 81,890[] 88,888[] Casualties At least 40,000 dead Unknown; but moderate The Battle of Sekigahara ), popularly known as the Realm Divide ), was a decisive battle on October...
Shogun Tokugawa Ieyasu The Tokugawa clan crest This is a Japanese name; the family name is Tokugawa Tokugawa Ieyasu (previously spelled Iyeyasu) January 31, 1543 – June 1, 1616) was the founder and first shogun of the Tokugawa shogunate of Japan which ruled from the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600 until...
The Toyotomi family was powerful in the late Sengoku period in Japan. ...
Okudaira Sadamasa ) (1555 - 1615) was a samurai whose change of loyalty led directly to the Battle of Nagashino. ...
Categories: Old provinces of Japan | Japan geography stubs ...
Mino (美濃国; -no kuni) is an old province of Japan, which today composes nearly the southern part of Gifu prefecture. ...
History of Japan Paleolithic Jomon Yayoi Yamato period ---Kofun period ---Asuka period Nara period Heian period Kamakura period Muromachi period Azuchi-Momoyama period ---Nanban period Edo period Meiji period Taisho period Showa period ---Japanese expansionism ---Occupied Japan ---Post-Occupation Japan Heisei The Muromachi period (室町時代, also known...
This page is about the Japanese ruler and military rank. ...
This page is about the city Kyoto. ...
Major Shrines The most famous shrines in the city include a family of shrines: Inaba Shrine, Kogane Shrine, and Kashimori Shrine. They are considered a family of shrines because the Inishiki Irihiko-no-mikoto god at Inaba Shrine is married to the Nunoshi Hime-mikoto goddess at Kogane Shrine and, together, they are the parents of the Ichihaya-no-mikoto God at Kashimori Shrine. Inaba Shrine was originally located on the northern side of Mt. Kinka, but it was moved to its present location by Saitō Dōsan during his reign over Gifu. Kogane Shrine is located in Kogane Park, behind the Gifu City Culture Center, and it is said that, behind Kashimori Shrine, you can see the footprints of Tenba, a mythical horse.[6] Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1024 × 768 pixel, file size: 324 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) This is a picture of KanÅ Tenmangu Shrine in Gifu City, Japan. ...
Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1024 × 768 pixel, file size: 324 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) This is a picture of KanŠTenmangu Shrine in Gifu City, Japan. ...
A torii is a gate leading to a jinja. ...
Inaba Shrine Inaba Shrine ) is a ShintÅ shrine located at the base of Mt. ...
Sign near the entrance of Kogane Shrine Kogane Shrine ) is a ShintÅ shrine located in the city of Gifu, Gifu Prefecture, Japan. ...
Entrance to Kashimori Shrine Kashimori Shrine ) is a ShintÅ shrine located in the city of Gifu, Gifu Prefecture, Japan. ...
Saito Dosan (æ–Žè—¤ é“三 1494-1556) was the epitome of the daimyo that dramatically rose and also fell from power in Sengoku period Japan. ...
Kanō Tenmangu Shrine, located in the former Kanō-juku, was built in concurrence with Kanō Castle shortly after the Battle of Sekigahara. Originally built to serve as a place of worship for the castle's residents, it eventually became a place of prayer for many people within the growing town.[6] Tejikarao Shrine, located in the eastern portion of the city, is famous as the home of the Tejikara Fire Festival that is held in April.[18] KanÅ-juku ) was the fifty-third of the sixty-nine stations of the NakasendÅ. It is located just south of JR Gifu Station in Gifu, Gifu Prefecture, Japan. ...
Tejikarao Shrine ) is a ShintÅ shrine located in the city of Gifu, Gifu Prefecture, Japan. ...
Major Temples Because of the important of both Saitō Dōsan and Oda Nobunaga, many of the temples here hold strong connections to them. Jōzai-ji, for instance, was built by Saitō Myōchin, an ancestor of Dōsan, under the protection of Toki Shigeyori. Dōsan took advantage of this temple's support as he began his domination of Mino Province. His presence was so strong here that his death was mourned at the temple for three generations. Zuiryō-ji was also built by Myōchin and is currently undergoing restoration and contains the tombs of Shigeyori, Myōchin, and Gokei Kokushi. Sofuku-ji contains the "Blood Ceiling;" it was stained with the blood of the vassals of Oda Nobunaga's grandson, Oda Hidenobu. They committed seppuku during the Battle of Sekigahara after their leader's defeat. This temple contains the mausoleums of both Nobunaga and his son, Oda Nobutada.[6] Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 450 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (960 × 1280 pixel, file size: 554 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) I took this picture of Jozai-ji Temple in July 2007. ...
Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 450 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (960 × 1280 pixel, file size: 554 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) I took this picture of Jozai-ji Temple in July 2007. ...
“hara-kiri†redirects here. ...
Shōhō-ji is home to the Gifu Great Buddha, which is also referred to as the "Blessed Buddha." Built during the Edo Period, this is the first and largest dry-lacquered Buddha in Japan and remains one of the three largest Great Buddha Images of Japan.[16] The Buddha and its 13.7-meter bamboo frame took 38 years to build.[16] In the aromatic garden, you can enjoy tea and traditional foods.[22] Gifu Great Buddha The Gifu Great Buddha ) is a large Buddhist statue located in ShÅhÅ-ji Temple in Gifu City, Gifu Prefecture, Japan. ...
The Edo period ), also called Tokugawa period, is a division of Japanese history running from 1603 to 1868. ...
Jōdo-ji holds the remains of Hanako, who was the only Japanese person to model for Rodin and traveled extensively throughout Europe during her career. A statue of Hanako was erected at the temple in 2004. Hanako spent most of her later years in Gifu's Nishizono-chō, just east of Yanagase.[6] ÅŒta Hisa ) (April 15, 1868-April 2, 1945) was a Japanese stage actress who went by the name Hanako ). She spent the majority of her career touring Europe and was the only Japanese person to model for Rodin, who gave her two masks he created, using Hanako as a model. ...
Rodins The Burghers of Calais in Calais, France. ...
Education Education in Gifu starts at a young age, with 48 nursery schools and 43 kindergartens available for children. The children will then matriculate into one of the city's 49 elementary schools and 27 junior high schools. After graduating from junior high school, students have the option of attending one of Gifu's 18 high schools.[23]
For those who choose to go on to post-second education, there are five technical institutions from which to choose, in addition to the following colleges and universities:
- Gifu City Women's College (originally founded in 1946 as normal college, before becoming a junior college)
- Gifu Pharmaceutical University (originally founded in 1932 as the Gifu City Pharmaceutical College)[7]
- Gifu Shotoku Gakuen University
- Gifu University
- Gifu Women's University
Gifu University (å²é˜œå¤§å¦; Gifu Daigaku , abbreviated to å²å¤§ Gidai) is a national university in Gifu, Japan. ...
Transportation Gifu's central location and its past connection with the Nakasendō mean that it is one of the central transportation hubs in Japan. In addition to being in the center of many rail and bus lines, the city also has seven national highways running through its borders. Those highways are Route 21, 22, 156, 157, 248, 256, and 303. Two rail companies have major train stations downtown: JR Tōkai (Central Japan Railway Company) and Meitetsu (Nagoya Railroad). JR has the Tōkaidō Main Line runs through and the Takayama Line begins at JR Gifu Station. Other JR Stations in the city include Nishi Gifu Station and Nagamori Station. The JR Tōkaidō Shinkansen, however, does not run through Gifu Station. Its nearest stations are Nagoya Station and Gifu Hashima Station. The Meitetsu lines include the Nagoya Line, the Kakamigahara Line, and the Takehana Line, all of which originate at Meitetsu Gifu Station. Other Meitetsu Stations in the city include Chajo Station, Kano Station, Tagami Station, Hosobata Station, Kiridoshi Station, Tejikara Station, and Yanaizu Station. Until April 1, 2005, Meitetsu also operated a street car line that ran through Gifu. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1280 × 960 pixel, file size: 561 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) This is a picture of a street car that used to run through Gifu City. ...
Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1280 × 960 pixel, file size: 561 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) This is a picture of a street car that used to run through Gifu City. ...
JR Central Towers in Nagoya The Central Japan Railway Company (東海旅客鉄道 JR Tōkai; JR 東海) is the main railway company operating in the Chubu (Nagoya) region of central Japan. ...
Meitetsu 7000-type panorama car Nagoya Railroad Co. ...
TÅkaidÅ Main Line The TÅkaidÅ Main Line ) is the busiest trunk line of Japan Railway (JR), connecting Tokyo Station and Kobe Station. ...
Gifu Station (å²é˜œé§…, gifu-eki) is a train station operated by Central Japan Railway Company (JR Central) and is located in the heart of Gifu City. ...
JR Central Towers JR platform sign Nagoya Station (åå¤å±‹é§…) is a train station in Nakamura-ku, Nagoya, Japan. ...
Nagoya Line may refer to either of the following railway lines in Japan: Kintetsu Nagoya Line Meitetsu Nagoya Line Category: ...
The Kakamigahara Line ) is a railway line in Gifu Prefecture, Japan operated by Nagoya Railroad between Meitetsu Gifu Station in the city of Gifu and Shin Unuma Station in Kakamigahara. ...
Meitetsu Gifu Stationja:(å鉄å²é˜œé§…) is the main terminal of Nagoya Railroad(Meitetsu) in Gifu City, Japan. ...
Municipal bus service first began in Gifu in 1949.[7] Nowadays, Gifu Bus Co., Ltd. provides service within the city, as well as connections to other cities. Its highway buses connect the city with Gujō, Osaka, Kobe, Kyoto and Shinjuku in Tokyo. Gifu Bus also connects Nagoya with Gujō, Seki, Mino and Shirakawagō. In addition to inter-city bus routes, there are local routes that go throughout the city and neighboring areas to serve the citizens and local business. All bus lines go through JR Gifu Station, which adds to the convenience of the system. GujÅ (郡上市; -shi) is a city in Gifu Prefecture, Japan. ...
Osaka ) is a city in Japan, located at the mouth of the Yodo River on Osaka Bay, in the Kansai region of the main island of Honshū. The city is the capital of Osaka Prefecture. ...
Kobe ) is the capital city of HyÅgo Prefecture and a prominent port city in Japan with a population of about 1. ...
Kyoto ) is a city in the central part of the island of Honshū, Japan. ...
Categories: Wards of Tokyo | Japan geography stubs ...
Seki can refer to: The Japanese town Seki, Gifu. ...
Mino (美濃市; -shi) is a city located in Gifu, Japan. ...
Another option for travel around Gifu is bicycles. The city has instituted a bike rental program to increase tourism within the city and the cost to rent a bicycle for one day is only 100 yen. Bicycles can be rented at JR Gifu Station (second floor), Gifu City Hall (South Branch), Gifu Park (Museum of History), and the Cormorant Fishing Boat Viewing Office.
City Information
Sister Cities/Friendship Cities -
 Florence, Tuscany, Italy (est. February 8, 1978, Sister City) -
 Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China (est. February 21, 1979, Friendship City) -
 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil (est. February 22, 1982, Sister City) -
 Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America (est. May 11, 1988, Sister City) -
 Meidling District, Vienna, Austria (est. March 22, 1994, Sister City) -
 Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada (est. May 28, 2007, Sister City) Image File history File links Flag_of_Italy. ...
Florence (Italian: ) is the capital city of the region of Tuscany, Italy. ...
Tuscany (Italian: ) is one of the 20 Regions of Italy. ...
Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Peoples_Republic_of_China. ...
(Chinese: ; Pinyin: ; Postal map spelling: Hangchow) is a sub-provincial city in the Peoples Republic of China and the capital of Zhejiang province. ...
Zhejiang (also spelled Chehkiang or Chekiang) is an eastern coastal province of the Peoples Republic of China. ...
Image File history File links Flag_of_Brazil. ...
Nickname: Motto: Labore virtute civitas floret(Latin) Labour and virtue make the city blossom Location of Campinas Country Brazil State São Paulo Government - Mayor Hélio de Oliveira Santos (Democrat Labour Party (Brazil)) Area - City 797. ...
Nickname: Motto: Non ducor, duco(Latin) I am not led, I lead Location in the São Paulo state. ...
Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ...
Cincinnati, Ohio viewed from the SW, across the Ohio River from Kentucky. ...
Official language(s) None Capital Columbus Largest city Columbus Largest metro area Cleveland Area Ranked 34th - Total 44,825 sq mi (116,096 km²) - Width 220 miles (355 km) - Length 220 miles (355 km) - % water 8. ...
Image File history File links Flag_of_Austria. ...
Meidling is the 12th district of Vienna. ...
“Wien†redirects here. ...
Image File history File links Flag_of_Canada. ...
Nickname: Motto: Superior by nature Location of Thunder Bay, Ontario Coordinates: Country Canada Province Ontario Region Northwestern Ontario District Thunder Bay District CMA Thunder Bay Established 1970 (amalgamation between Fort William and Port Arthur) Incorporated as Towns Port Arthur in 1884 Fort William in 1892 Incorporated as Cities Both Port...
Motto: Ut Incepit Fidelis Sic Permanet (Latin: Loyal she began, loyal she remains) Capital Toronto Largest city Toronto Official languages English Government - Lieutenant-Governor James K. Bartleman - Premier Dalton McGuinty (Liberal) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament - House seats 106 - Senate seats 24 Confederation July 1, 1867 (1st) Area [1] Ranked...
Citizens' Charter The Citizens' Charter is as follows: We, the citizens of Gifu City, respect the traditional culture created in the majestic natural beauty of Mt. Kinka and the Nagara River. Here, we delcare to strengthen common bonds and endeavor to create a city of freedom and peace with characteristics as follows: - A comfortable city where people have respect for nature and mankind;
- A warm-hearted city where youth have dreams and the aged peacefully enjoy their golden years;
- A vigorous city where people enjoy both work and play;
- A cooperative city where people are true to their word and considerate to others;
- A prosperous city where people mingle freely, improve cultivation and develop individuality.[1]
External links - Gifu City Official Website (Japanese)
- Gifu City Official Website (English)
- Gifu City Event Calendar (English)
- Gifu Bus Co., Ltd. (Japanese)
- Gifu (city) travel guide from Wikitravel
Wikitravel is a project to create an open content, complete, up-to-date, and reliable world-wide travel guide. ...
References - ^ a b c d Outline of Gifu City 2007. Gifu City Hall, April 2007.
- ^ a b c Gifu in the Heart of Japan. Harry Hill, 1988.
- ^ a b c d Instant Gifu. Gifu International Center, 1995.
- ^ Toki clan. Sengoku Expo. Accessed July 4, 2007.
- ^ Stone ledger in front of Kashimori Shrine. Erected by Kashimori Shrine.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Gifu City Walking Map. Gifu Lively City Public Corporation, 2007.
- ^ a b c d e Gifu-shi no Ayumi (Outline of Gifu City 2005). Gifu City Hall, April 2005.
- ^ Mino Earthquake. Tokyo Science Museum. Accessed July 5, 2007.
- ^ Crew 3's Account of Gifu Mission. 39th Bomb Group Association. Accessed July 13, 2007.
- ^ Weather of the Empire. Togo Tsukuhara, Kobe University. Accessed June 13, 2007.
- ^ a b c d e JLGC NewsLetter No. 60, Winter 2007. Japan Local Government Center (CLAIR, New York).
- ^ Gifu Station Western Area Urban Renewal Group Homepage. Gifu Station Western Area Urban Renewal Group. Accessed June 22, 2007.
- ^ a b Slow Life City Gifu, Gifu City Hall. Accessed June 7, 2007.
- ^ a b c Cormorant Fishing on the Nagara River, Gifu City Hall. Accessed June 8, 2007.
- ^ a b Gifu City Museum of History Homepage, Gifu City Museum of History. Accessed June 8, 2007.
- ^ a b c d e Gifu Prefecture: Japan's Beautiful Heartland. Gifu International Center, 1994.
- ^ Museum of Fine Arts, Gifu. Museum of Fine Arts, Gifu. Accessed June 5, 2007.
- ^ a b c d e Gifu City Event Calendar, Gifu Convention and Visitors Bureau. Accessed June 5, 2007.
- ^ Flag Art Display, Sōhō Japan. Accessed June 5, 2007.
- ^ a b World Event and Convention Complex. World Event Village Gifu. Accessed June 7, 2007.
- ^ Gifu Nagaragawa Onsen. Gifu Nagaragawa Onsen and Ryokan Cooperative. Accessed June 6, 2007.
- ^ Gifu Great Buddha. Gifu Convention and Visitors Bureau. Accessed June 5, 2007.
- ^ Map of Gifu City. Gifu City Hall International Affairs Division, January 15, 2003.
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