Gilbert F. Amelio (born March 1, 1943 in New York City) is an American technology executive. He grew up in Miami, Florida, and received a bachelors, masters, and Ph.D. in physics from the Georgia Institute of Technology. Amelio worked at Bell Labs, Fairchild Semiconductor, and the semiconductor division of Rockwell International, but is best remembered as a former CEO of National Semiconductor and Apple. Amelio was CEO of National Semiconductor from May 27, 1991, to February 2, 1996. During his tenure at NatSemi, Amelio cut costs and returned the company to profitability. March 1 is the 60th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (61st in leap years). ... 1943 (MCMXLIII) was a common year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1943 calendar). ... Nickname: Big Apple, Gotham, NYC Location in the state of New York Coordinates: Country United States State New York Boroughs The Bronx Brooklyn Manhattan Queens Staten Island Settled 1613  - Mayor Michael Bloomberg (R) Area    - City 1,214. ... Miami redirects here. ... Doctor of Philosophy (from Greek , meaning Teacher of Philosophy), typically abbreviated Ph. ... Physics (from the Greek, (phúsis), nature and (phusiké), knowledge of nature) is the science concerned with the discovery and understanding of the fundamental laws which govern matter, energy, space, and time. ... The Georgia Institute of Technology, commonly known as Georgia Tech, is a public, coeducational university, part of the University System of Georgia, and located in Atlanta, Georgia, USA, with satellite campuses in Savannah, Georgia and Metz, France. ... Bell Laboratories (also known as Bell Labs and formerly known as AT&T Bell Laboratories and Bell Telephone Laboratories) was the main research and development arm of the United States Bell System. ... Fairchild Semiconductor introduced the first commercially available integrated circuit (although at almost the same time as one from Texas Instruments), and would go on to become one of the major players in the evolution of Silicon Valley in the 1960s. ... Rockwell International was the ultimate incarnation of a series of companies under the sphere of influence of Willard Rockwell, who had made his fortune after the invention and successful launch of a new bearing system for truck axles in 1919. ... Categories: Electronics companies of the United States | Companies based in California | Corporation stubs ... Apple Inc. ... May 27 is the 147th day (148th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 218 days remaining. ... 1991 (MCMXCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... February 2 is the 33rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty. ...

Career

1994–1997: Apple Computer

In 1994, Amelio joined the Board of Directors of Apple Computer. Upon his resignation from NatSemi, Amelio became Apple CEO on February 2, 1996, succeeding Michael Spindler. His salary was a reported $990,000, plus bonuses and a $5 million loan. He also received approximately $100,000 for the use of his business jet by Apple the previous year, according to the section "Certain Transactions" in the Apple Proxy Statement for 1996. 1994 (MCMXCIV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated as the International Year of the Family and the International Year of the Sport and the Olympic Ideal by United Nations. ... Apple Inc. ... February 2 is the 33rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty. ... Michael Spindler (born 1942), nicknamed the Diesel for his reputed around the clock work habits, was president and CEO of Apple Computer from 1993 to 1996. ... Business jet, private jet or, in slang, bizjet is a term describing a jet aircraft, usually of modest size, designed for transporting small groups of business people for commercial reasons at a time convenient to their business needs. ...

Amelio cited several problems at Apple, including a shortage of cash and liquidity, low-quality products, lack of a viable operating system strategy, undisciplined corporate culture, and fragmentation in trying to do too much and in too many directions.

To address these problems, Amelio cut costs, reduced Apple's work force by one-third, discontinued the Copland operating system project, and oversaw the development of Mac OS 8. To replace Copland and fulfill the need for a next-generation operating system for the Macintosh, Amelio started negotiations to buy Be Inc., makers of BeOS, but negotiations stalled when Be CEO Jean-Louis Gassée wanted $400 million; Apple was unwilling to offer any more than $125 million. In November 1996, Amelio started discussions with Steve Jobs' NeXT, and bought the company on February 4, 1997 for $429 million. NeXT's operating system became the basis for Mac OS X. Amelio later admitted he felt he had overpaid for NeXT. Copland was a project at Apple Computer to create an updated version of the Macintosh operating system. ... Mac OS 8 is a series of versions of the Mac OS that supported a transition through major changes in the Macintosh hardware platform. ... Be, Incorporated was the company that developed the BeOS operating system and BeBox computer. ... BeOS is an operating system for personal computers which began development by Be Inc. ... Jean-Louis Gassée (born March 1944 in Paris, France) was an executive at Apple Computer from 1981 to 1990. ... 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty. ... Steven Paul Jobs (born February 24, 1955) is the co-founder and CEO of Apple and was the CEO of Pixar until its acquisition by Disney. ... NeXT Software, Inc. ... February 4 is the 35th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1997 (MCMXCVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Mac OS X (official IPA pronunciation: ) is a line of proprietary, graphical operating systems developed, marketed, and sold by Apple Inc. ...

During Amelio's tenure Apple's stock hit a 12-year low, and in the second quarter of 1997, after Steve Jobs sold all but one of his shares in the company, Apple lost another $708 million. Later in 1997, the directors of Apple lost confidence in and ousted then-CEO Gil Amelio in a boardroom coup. Steve Jobs then became Apple's interim CEO.

1998–Present: After Apple

Since 1998, Amelio has been a venture capitalist focusing on early-stage startups. He is currently Senior Partner at Sienna Ventures in Sausalito, California and CEO of Acquicor, a company he co-founded with Ellen Hancock and Steve Wozniak. Venture capital is a general term to describe financing for startup and early stage businesses as well as businesses in turn around situations. ... Sausalito is a city in the San Francisco Bay Area situated in Marin County, California, United States. ... Ellen Hancock is a long-time techology manager, noted for her 29-year tenure at IBM where she rose to the position of senior vice president in charge of network hardware and software. ... Stephan Gary Woz Wozniak (born August 11, 1950 in San Jose, California) is an American computer engineer turned philanthropist. ...

In February 2001, Amelio became CEO of Advanced Communications Technologies, or ADC. ADC is the United States arm of an Australian firm that has developed a product for the wireless communications industry called SpectruCell. SpectruCell supports multiple protocols and is software upgradeable, which has been characterized as a big boon to the cell phone market.^[1]

Amelio is a former director and chairman of the Semiconductor Industry Association, since 1996 has been an advisor to the Malaysia Multimedia Super Corridor and to Malaysia's Prime Minister. He is a current or past director of AT&T Inc., Pacific Telesis, Chiron, Sematech, the Georgia Tech Advisory Board (as chairman) and the American Film Institute. In Oct 2005 he joined the Board of Advisors to Vanguard PAC, now TheVanguard.Org.^[2] AT&T Inc. ... For current information on this topic, see AT&T. Pacific Telesis Group was one of the seven Regional Bell Operating Companies created after the 1984 breakup of AT&T as a holding company for Pacific Bell and Nevada Bell. ... Chiron and Achilles In Greek mythology, Chiron (hand) — sometimes transliterated Cheiron or rarely Kiron — was held as the superlative centaur among his brethren. ... The American Film Institute (AFI) is an independent non-profit organization created by the National Endowment for the Arts, which was established in 1967 when President Lyndon B. Johnson signed the National Foundation on the Arts and the Humanities Act. ...

Amelio is an IEEE Fellow, has been awarded 16 patents, and is the author of three books, An American Imperative (1993), Profit from Experience (1995) and On the Firing Line: My 500 Days at Apple (1998), the latter two of which were business best sellers. The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers or IEEE (pronounced as eye-triple-ee) is an international non-profit, professional organization incorporated in the State of New York, United States. ...

Footnotes

1. ^ MacObserver, Former Apple CEO Gil Amelio Lands A New CEO Job, February 6 2001
2. ^ The Vanguard.org - Board of Advisors - Dr. Gil Amelio

Dr. Amelio was recently interviewed about his time at Apple and much more on the MyMac.com Podcast [1]

References

• Amelio, Gil, On the Firing Line: My 500 Days at Apple, ISBN 0-88730-918-6 (1998, excerpt)

External links

• 500 Days at the Helm: The Rise and Fall of Gil Amelio from Low End Mac

AT&T Inc.

v • d • e

Corporate Directors:	Edward E. Whitacre Jr. - Chairman and CEO | Gilbert F. Amelio | August A. Busch III | Martin K. Eby, Jr. | James A. Henderson | Charles F. Knight | Lynn M. Martin | John B. McCoy | Mary S. Metz | Toni Rembe | S. Donley Ritchey | Joyce M. Roche | Laura D. Tyson | Patricia P. Upton
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