Giorgio Napolitano
XI President of the Italian Republic
Incumbent
Assumed office  May 15, 2006
Preceded by	Carlo Azeglio Ciampi
Born	June 29, 1925 (age 81) Naples
Political party	Democrats of the Left
Spouse	Clio Maria Bittoni

Giorgio Napolitano (born June 29, 1925), is an Italian politician and former lifetime senator, the eleventh and current President of the Italian Republic. His election took place on May 10, 2006 and his term started with the swearing-in ceremony held on May 15. Image File history File linksMetadata SignorGiorgioNapolitano. ... The President of the Italian Republic is the head of State of Italy, and represents national unity. ... The incumbent, in politics, is the current holder of a political office. ... May 15 is the 135th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (136th in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... Carlo Azeglio Ciampi (born 9 December 1920 in Livorno) is an Italian politician and banker who has been both Prime Minister of Italy and President of the Italian Republic. ... June 29 is the 180th day of the year (181st in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 185 days remaining. ... 1925 (MCMXXV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar). ... The Bay of Naples Naples (Italian: , Neapolitan: Nàpule, from Greek Νεάπολη < Νέα Πόλις Néa Pólis New City) is the largest city in southern Italy and capital of the Campania region and the Province of Naples. ... The Democrats of the Left (Italian: Democratici di Sinistra, often referred to as DS) is the main Italian left-wing political party, part of the Ulivo electoral coalition. ... June 29 is the 180th day of the year (181st in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 185 days remaining. ... 1925 (MCMXXV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar). ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Palazzo Madama house of the Senate of the Republic. ... The President of the Italian Republic is the head of State of Italy, and represents national unity. ... On May 2, 2006, the Speaker of the Chamber of Deputies of Italy Fausto Bertinotti, in agreement with Senate Speaker Franco Marini, convened the two houses of the Italian Parliament, integrated with a number of Grand Electors appointed by the 20 Italian regions, in a common session on May 8... May 10 is the 130th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (131st in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... May 15 is the 135th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (136th in leap years). ...

Biography before presidency

Early years and World War II

Napolitano was born in Naples, Campania. The Bay of Naples Naples (Italian: , Neapolitan: Nàpule, from Greek Νεάπολη < Νέα Πόλις Néa Pólis New City) is the largest city in southern Italy and capital of the Campania region and the Province of Naples. ... Campania is a region of Southern Italy, bordering on Lazio to the north-west, Molise to the north, Puglia to the north-east, Basilicata to the east, and the Tyrrhenian Sea to the west. ...

In 1942 Napolitano matriculated at the University of Naples Federico II. He adhered to the local Gruppo Universitario Fascista ("University Fascist Group"), where he met his core group of friends, who shared his negative views of Italian fascism. As he would later state, the group "was in fact a true breeding ground of anti-fascist intellectual energies, disguised and to a certain extent tolerated".^[1] Year 1942 (MCMXLII) was a common year starting on Thursday (the link is to a full 1942 calendar). ... The University of Naples Federico II (Italian: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II) is a university located in Naples, Italy. ... Italian fascism (in Italian, fascismo) was the authoritarian political movement which ruled Italy from 1922 to 1943 under the leadership of Benito Mussolini. ... Members of the Dutch Eindhoven Resistance with troops of the US 101st Airborne in Eindhoven in September 1944. ...

A theatre enthusiast since high school, during his university years he maintained a theatrical review on the IX Maggio weekly magazine, and had small parts in plays organised by the Gruppo Universitario Fascista itself. Serge Sudeikins poster for the Bat Theatre (1922). ...

During the Nazi occupation of Italy in the final period of World War II, he and his circle of friends took part in several actions of the Italian resistance movement against German Nazi and Italian fascist forces. ^[2] This included occupying the offices of the IX Maggio magazine and using it to publish writings of Karl Marx masked as articles signed by the various components of the group. National Socialism redirects here. ... Combatants Allied Powers Axis Powers Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000,000 Total dead: 50,000,000 Military dead: 8,000,000 Civilian dead: 4,000,000 Total dead 12,000,000 World War II (abbreviated WWII), or the Second World War, was a worldwide conflict... Partisans parading in Milan The Italian resistance movement was a partisan force during World War II. It became massive after the capitulation of the Italian Royal Army on September 8, 1943. ... Karl Heinrich Marx (May 5, 1818, Trier, Germany – March 14, 1883, London) was a German philosopher, political economist, and revolutionary. ...

From post-war years to the Hungarian revolution

Following the end of the war in 1945, Napolitano joined the PCI (Partito Comunista Italiano, Italian Communist Party). In 1947, he graduated in jurisprudence with a final thesis on political economy, entitled "Il mancato sviluppo industriale del Mezzogiorno dopo l'unità e la legge speciale per Napoli del 1904". (Italian for "The lack of industrial development in the Mezzogiorno following the unification of Italy and the special law of 1904 for Naples").^[3] Year 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1945 calendar). ... The Partito Comunista Italiano (PCI) or Italian Communist Party emerged as Partito Comunista dItalia or Communist Party of Italy from a secession by the Leninist comunisti puri tendency from the Italian Socialist Party (PSI) during that bodys congress on 21 January 1921 at Livorno. ... Year 1947 (MCMXLVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1947 calendar). ... Jurisprudence is the theory and philosophy of law. ... Look up thesis in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Regions usually associated with the Mezzogiorno, with darker areas more closely tied to it. ... Italian unification process. ... Year 1904 (MCMIV) was a leap year starting on a Friday (see link for calendar). ...

He was first elected to the Chamber of Deputies in 1953 in the electoral division of Naples, and was confirmed at every election until 1996.^[3] He was elected to the National Committe of the party during its eighth national congress in 1956, largely thanks to the support offered by Palmiro Togliatti, who wanted to involve younger politicians in the central direction of the party. He became responsible for the commission for Southern Italy within the National Committee.^[4] Chamber of Deputies or Camera dei Deputati, one house of the bicameral parliamentary system, seats 630 members of which 475 are directly elected and 155 by regional proportional representation. ... 1953 (MCMLIII) was a common year starting on Thursday. ... The Bay of Naples Naples (Italian: , Neapolitan: Nàpule, from Greek Νεάπολη < Νέα Πόλις Néa Pólis New City) is the largest city in southern Italy and capital of the Campania region and the Province of Naples. ... 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty. ... Year 1956 (MCMLVI) was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Palmiro Togliatti (March 26, 1893 - August 21, 1964) was an Italian communist leader. ...

Later on in the same year, the 1956 Hungarian Revolution and its military suppression by the Soviet Union occurred. The leadership of the Italian Communist Party labelled the insurgents as counter-revolutionaries, and the party newspaper L'Unità referred to them as "thugs" and "despicable agents provocateurs". Napolitano complied with the party-sponsored position on this matter, a choice he would repeatedly declare to have become uncomfortable with, developing what his autobiography describes as a "grievous self-critical torment". He would reason that his compliance was motivated by concerns about the role of the Italian Communist Party as "inseparable from the fates of the socialist forces guided by the USSR" as opposed to "imperialist" forces.^[1] Combatants Soviet Union ÁVH Hungarian government, various nationalist militias Commanders Yuri Andropov Pál Maléter, Béla Király, Gergely Pongrátz, József Dudás Strength 150,000 troops, 6,000 tanks 100,000+ demonstrators (some later armed), unknown number of soldiers Casualties 720 killed according to official... LUnità is an Italian newspaper, published by Democrats of the Left. ...

The decision to support the USSR against the Hungarian revolutionaries generated a split in the Italian Communist Party, and even the CGIL (Italy's largest trade union, then overtly communist in nature) refused to conform to the party-sponsored position and applauded the revolution, on the basis that the eighth national congress of the Italian Communist Party had indeed stated that the "Italian way to socialism" was to be democratic and specific to the nation. These views were supported in the party by Giorgio Amendola, whom Napolitano would always look up to as a teacher. Frequently seen together, Giorgio Amendola and Giorgio Napolitano would jokingly be referred to by friends as (respectively) Giorgio 'o chiatto and Giorgio 'o sicco ("Giorgio the fat" and "Giorgio the slim" in the Neapolitan dialect).^[5] The Italian General Confederation of Labour (CGIL) is a national trade union centre in Italy. ... A Trade Union (Labour union) ... is a continuous association of wage-earners for the purpose of maintaining or improving the conditions of their employment. ... Giorgio Amendola (21 November 1907 - 5 June 1980) was an Italian writer and politician. ... Neapolitan (autonym: napulitano; Italian: ) is a Romance language spoken in the city and region of Naples, Campania (Neapolitan: Nàpule, Italian: Napoli); close dialects are spoken throughout most of southern Italy, including the Gaeta and Sora districts of southern Lazio, parts of Abruzzo, Molise, Basilicata, northern Calabria, and northern and...

From sixties to the dissolution of the Italian Communist Party

Napolitano then became federal secretary in Naples and Caserta and later, between 1966 and 1969, he was coordinator of the secretary's office and of the political office. During the 1970s and the 1980s he was the responsible officer at first for culture and later for the economic policy and the international relations of the party. Caserta, near Naples was certainly the largest palace and probably the largest building erected in Europe in the 18th century. ... Economic policy refers to the actions that governments take in the economic field. ... International relations (IR), a branch of political science, is the study of foreign affairs of and relations among states within the international system, including the roles of states, inter-governmental organizations (IGOs), non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and multinational corporations (MNCs). ...

His political ideas were somewhat moderate in the context of the PCI: in fact he became the leader of the so-called "meliorist wing" (corrente migliorista) of the party, whose members notably included Gerardo Chiaromonte and Emanuele Macaluso. The term migliorista (from migliore, Italian for "better") was coined with a slightly mocking intent. The meliorism was an Italian political wing that was part of the old Italian Communist Party. ...

In the mid-seventies, Napolitano was invited by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology to give a lecture, but then United States ambassador to Italy, John A. Volpe, refused to grant him a visa on account of his membership in the Communist Party. Between 1977 and 1981 Napolitano had some secret meetings with the United States ambassador Richard Gardner, when the PCI was searching contact with the US administration, in the context of its definitive break with its past relationship with the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and the beginning of eurocommunism, the attempt to develop a theory and practice more adequate to the democratic countries of Western Europe. In 2006, when Napolitano was elected President of the Italian Republic, Gardner stated to AP Television News that he considered Napolitano "a real statesman", "a true believer in democracy" and "a friend of the United States [who] will carry out his office with impartiality and fairness".^[6] Thanks to this role and in part by the good offices of Giulio Andreotti, in the 1980s Napolitano was able to travel to the United States and give lectures at Aspen, Colorado and at Harvard University. He has since visited and lectured in the United States several times. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is a private, coeducational research university located in Cambridge, Massachusetts. ... An ambassador, rarely embassador, is a diplomatic official accredited to a foreign sovereign or government, or to an international organization, to serve as the official representative of his or her own country. ... John Anthony Volpe (December 8, 1908 - September 11, 1994) was a Governor of Massachusetts and a U.S. Secretary of Transportation. ... Image of an entry visa valid in Schengen treaty countries. ... The Communist Party of the Soviet Union (Russian: Коммунисти́ческая Па́ртия Сове́тского Сою́за = КПСС) was the name used by the successors of the Bolshevik faction of the Russian Social-Democratic Labour Party from 1952 to 1991, but the wording Communist Party was present in the partys name since 1918 when the Bolsheviks became the Russian... Eurocommunism was an attempt in the 1970s by various Western European communist parties to develop a theory and practice of social transformation that was more relevant in a Western European democracy. ... The Associated Press, or AP, is an American news agency, the worlds largest such organization. ... Giulio Andreotti Giulio Andreotti (born in Rome, 14 January 1919) is an Italian political figure, among the most powerful in post-war Italy. ... View south along Galena Street in downtown Aspen. ... Harvard redirects here. ...

After the dissolution

After the dissolution of the Italian Communist Party, in 1991, Napolitano joined the Democratic Party of the Left, later Democrats of the Left (Democratici di Sinistra, or DS). Successively, he served as President of the Chamber of Deputies (1992–1994) and between 1996 and 1998 he was the first former Communist to became Minister of the Interior, a role traditionally occupied by Christian Democrats. He also served as a Member of the European Parliament from 1999 to 2004. In October 2005, he was named senator for life, and is therefore the last one being appointed by President of the Republic Carlo Azeglio Ciampi, together with Sergio Pininfarina. The Democratic Party of the Left (Italian: Partito democratico della Sinistra, or PdS) was the evolution in a social-democratic direction of the Italian Communist Party, or PCI. It was founded by Achille Occhetto, last secretary of the PCI and first of the PdS. The logo of the PdS consisted... The Democrats of the Left (Italian: Democratici di Sinistra, often referred to as DS) is the main Italian left-wing political party, part of the Ulivo electoral coalition. ... Chamber of Deputies or Camera dei Deputati, one house of the bicameral parliamentary system, seats 630 members of which 475 are directly elected and 155 by regional proportional representation. ... This is a list of Italian Ministers of the Interior since 1861. ... Christian Democracy, (Democrazia Cristiana), the Christian democratic party of Italy, commonly called the democristiani or DC, dominated government for nearly half a century until its demise amid a welter of corruption allegations in 1992-94. ... A Member of the European Parliament (English abbreviation MEP)[1] is a member of the European Unions directly-elected legislative body, the European Parliament. ... 2005 : January - February - March - April - May - June - July - August - September - October - November - December- → Deaths in October 28: Richard Smalley 26: Emil Kyulev 24: José Azcona del Hoyo 24: Rosa Parks 23: Stella Obasanjo 22: Liam Lawlor 22: Shirley Horn 20: Endon Mahmood 17: Ba Jin 10: Milton Obote 7: Charles... A senator for life is a member of the Italian Senate appointed by the President of the Italian Republic for outstanding merits in the social, scientific, artistic or literary field. Former Presidents of the Republic are ex officio life senators. ... This is the list of Presidents of the Italian Republic with the title since 1948. ... Carlo Azeglio Ciampi (born 9 December 1920 in Livorno) is an Italian politician and banker who has been both Prime Minister of Italy and President of the Italian Republic. ... Sergio Pininfarina (born Sergio Farina on 8 September 1926 in Turin, Italy) is a renowned automobile designer, like his father Battista Pininfarina. ...

Election as president

Main article: Italian presidential election, 2006

In 2006, his name was frequently suggested for the office of President of the Italian Republic. Napolitano was the second proposal of the centre-left majority coalition, The Union, in place of Massimo D'Alema, after the chance of a joint vote on D'Alema had been rejected by leaders of the centre-right coalition The House of Freedoms. Even though Napolitano appeared at first a candidate the House of Freedoms could converge on, the proposal was rejected much like that of D'Alema. On May 2, 2006, the Speaker of the Chamber of Deputies of Italy Fausto Bertinotti, in agreement with Senate Speaker Franco Marini, convened the two houses of the Italian Parliament, integrated with a number of Grand Electors appointed by the 20 Italian regions, in a common session on May 8... The Union (Italian: LUnione) is an Italian centre-left political party coalition. ... Massimo DAlema (born on April 20, 1949 in Rome, Italy) is an Italian journalist and politician, a former prime minister and a former national secretary of the PDS, Partito Democratico della Sinistra. ... Casa delle Libertà, or House of Freedoms in English, is an Italian right-wing party alliance, composed of Forza Italia, National Alliance (Alleanza Nazionale), Union of Christian and Centre Democrats (UDC), Socialist Party New PSI (Nuovo PSI); the small PRI and Northern League (Lega Nord), led by national media tycoon...

The centre-left majority coalition, on May 7, 2006, officially endorsed Giorgio Napolitano as its candidate in the special election that began on May 8. The Vatican endorsed him as President through its official newspaper, L'Osservatore Romano, just after the Union named him as its candidate, as did Marco Follini, former secretary of the UDC, the right-leaning Christian party, member of the House of Freedoms. May 7 is the 127th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (128th in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... On May 2, 2006, the Speaker of the Chamber of Deputies of Italy Fausto Bertinotti, in agreement with Senate Speaker Franco Marini, convened the two houses of the Italian Parliament, integrated with a number of Grand Electors appointed by the 20 Italian regions, in a common session on May 8... Masthead LOsservatore Romano is the Vaticans newspaper. ... Marco Follini (born on 26 September 1954 in Rome, Italy) is a Italian politician, and National Secretary of the Democrats Centre Union party. ... The Union of Christian and Centre Democrats (Italian: Unione dei Democratici Cristiani e Democratici di Centro) is a political party in Italy formed by a merger of the former Centro Cristiano Democratico and Christiani Democratici Uniti parties. ...

Napolitano was elected on May 10, in the fourth round of voting—the first round which required only absolute majority, unlike the former three which required two-thirds of the votes—with 543 votes (out of a possible 1009). He was the first former Communist to become President of Italy. After his election, expressions of esteem toward his person and his authority as future President of the Italian Republic were made by both members of the Union and of the House of Freedoms (who had issued a blank vote), such as Pier Ferdinando Casini.^[7] Nevertheless, some Italian right-wing newspapers, such as il Giornale, expressed concerns about his communist past.^[8] He started his term on May 15. The President of the Italian Republic is the head of State of Italy, and represents national unity. ... None of the Above (NOTA) is a ballot choice in some jurisdictions or organizations, placed so as to allow the voter to indicate his disapproval with all of the candidates in any voting system. ... Pierferdinando Casini Pier Ferdinando (or Pierferdinando) Casini (born on 3 December 1955 in Bologna, Italy) is an Italian politician, President of the Italian Chamber of Deputies from 2001 to 2006, President of the Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU) and member of the Union of Christian and Centre Democrats (UDC) party. ... Italian for The Newspaper, Il Giornale was essentially the first Starbucks. ...

On July 9, 2006, Napolitano was present at the FIFA World Cup final, in which the Italian team defeated France and won its fourth World Cup, and successively he also joined the players' celebrations. He is the second President of the Italian Republic to be present at a triumphal World Cup final, after Sandro Pertini. July 9 is the 190th day of the year (191st in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 175 days remaining. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... Qualifying countries The Italian team celebrating with the cup, July 9 2006 The 2006 FIFA World Cup was the 18th staging of the FIFA World Cup, the quadrennial international association football world championship tournament. ... Alessandro (Sandro) Pertini (September 25, 1896 - February 24, 1990) was an Italian politician and arguably the most popular President of Italy ever, along with Carlo Azeglio Ciampi. ...

On September 26, 2006, Napolitano made an official visit in Budapest, Hungary, where he paid tribute to the fallen in the 1956 failed anti-communist revolution, which he initially opposed as member of the Italian Communist Party, by laying a wreath at Imre Nagy's grave.^[9] September 26 is the 269th day of the year (270th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Combatants Soviet Union ÁVH Hungarian government, various nationalist militias Commanders Yuri Andropov Pál Maléter, Béla Király, Gergely Pongrátz, József Dudás Strength 150,000 troops, 6,000 tanks 100,000+ demonstrators (some later armed), unknown number of soldiers Casualties 720 killed according to official...

Napolitano attending to the Army Parade of the Republic Day, June 2, 2006.

On February 10, 2007 a diplomatic crisis rose between Italy and Croatia, after President Napolitano publicly condemned the foibe massacres in the Foibe Memory Day. The European Commission did not comment on this case, but did comment (and partly condemn) the response by Croatian president Stjepan Mesić, who described Napolitano's statement as rascist. Napolitano did not refer either to Slovenians or Croatians as a nation, but just as "Slavs from Yugoslavia".^[10] He awarded relatives of 25 foibe victims, who had included the last fascist Italian prefect in Zadar, Vincenzo Serrentino, convicted to death in 1947 in Šibenik.^[11] That along with naming the "liberation of the city of Zadar and Istria from fascism a "Slavonic anexionist aspiration"" (Istria and Zadar were part of Italy from 1919 to 1945) was seen by Mesić as "historic revisionism" and open support for fascism. The president Napolitano's remarks on foibe massacres were praised by both centre-left and centre-right, and both parties condemned Mesić's statements, while whole Croatia stood by Mesić. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1944x2592, 1132 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Giorgio Napolitano Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1944x2592, 1132 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Giorgio Napolitano Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to... The birth of the Italian Republic (officially on June 2, 1946) is a key event of Italian contemporary history. ... June 2 is the 153rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (154th in leap years), with 212 days remaining. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... February 10 is the 41st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... This page is about negotiations; for the board game, see Diplomacy (game). ... Location of some foibe where (alleged) mass killings took place Foibe massacres were mass killings attributed to Yugoslav partisans during and shortly after World War II against Italians. ... Stjepan Stipe Mesić (born December 24, 1934) has been the President of the Republic of Croatia since 2000. ... The Slavic peoples are the most numerous ethnic and linguistic body of peoples in Europe. ... Yugoslavia (Jugoslavija in Latin, Југославија in Cyrillic, English: Land of the South Slavs) describes four political entities that existed one at a time on the Balkan Peninsula in Europe, during most of the 20th century. ... A prefect (from the Latin praefectus, perfect participle of praeficere: make in front, i. ... There are other articles with similar names; see Zadar (disambiguation). ... Å ibenik Å ibenik (German: Sibenning, Italian: Sebenico) is an historic town in Croatia, population 51,553 (2001). ... Coat of arms Istria (Istra, pronounced in Croatian and Slovenian; Istria, pronounced in Italian, Istrien, pronounced in German) is the biggest peninsula in the Adriatic Sea. ... Fascism is a political ideology and mass movement that seeks to place the nation, defined in exclusive biological, cultural, and/or historical terms, above all other sources of loyalty, and to create a mobilized national community. ... Year 1919 (MCMXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar). ... Year 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1945 calendar). ...

On February 21, 2007, Prime Minister Romano Prodi submitted his resignation after losing a foreign-policy vote in Parliament;^[12] Napolitano held talks with the political forces in the parliament, and on February 24 rejected the resignation, prompting Prodi to require a new vote of confidence.^[13] February 21 is the 52nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... In Italy, the President of the Council of Ministers (Italian: Presidente del Consiglio dei Ministri) is the countrys prime minister or head of government, and occupies the fourth-most important state office. ...   (born 9 August 1939) is a centre-left Italian politician. ... The Parliament of Italy (Italian: Parlamento Italiano) is the national parliament of Italy. ... February 24 is the 55th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... A Motion of Confidence is a motion of support proposed by a government in a parliament to give members of parliament a chance to register their confidence for a government by means of a parliamentary vote. ...

Trivia

• In his youth, Napolitano was an actor. He played in a comedy by Salvatore Di Giacomo and as leading actor in Viaggio a Cardiff by William Butler Yeats, both at Teatro Mercadante in Naples. He later measured himself against Joyce and Eliot.

• He has often been cited as the author of a collection of sonnets in Neapolitan language, published under the pseudonym Tommaso Pignatelli, entitled "Pe cupià ’o chiarfo" ("To mimick the downpour"). He denied this in 1997 and, again, in occasion of his presidential election, when his staff described the attribution of authoriship to Naplitano as a "journalistic myth".^[14]

• He has been nicknamed "Re Umberto" (i.e. "King Umberto") both for his physical likeness to Umberto II of Italy and for his measured manners. Another nickname he has been given is "Il principe rosso" ("The red prince"), with "red" alluding to communism.

• He was a friend of the Neapolitan mathematician Renato Caccioppoli.

• He is the third Neapolitan to be elected President of the Italian Republic, after Enrico De Nicola and Giovanni Leone.

Salvatore di Giacomo 1860-1934. ... A leading actor, leading actress, or simply lead, plays the role of the protagonist in a film or play. ... W.B. Yeats in Dublin on 24 January 1908. ... The Bay of Naples Naples (Italian: , Neapolitan: Nàpule, from Greek Νεάπολη < Νέα Πόλις Néa Pólis New City) is the largest city in southern Italy and capital of the Campania region and the Province of Naples. ... James Joyce James Augustine Aloysius Joyce (Irish Seamus Seoighe; 2 February 1882 – 13 January 1941) was an Irish writer and poet, widely considered to be one of the most influential writers of the 20th century. ... George Eliots birthplace at South Farm, Arbury George Eliot is the pen name of Mary Anne Evans[1] (22 November 1819 – 22 December 1880), who was an English novelist. ... Francesco Petrarca or Petrarch, one of the best-known of the early Italian sonnet writers For the Saab automobile, see Saab Sonett, for the Japanese communications company see So-net. ... Neapolitan (autonym: napulitano; Italian: ) is a Romance language spoken in the city and region of Naples, Campania (Neapolitan: Nàpule, Italian: Napoli); close dialects are spoken throughout most of southern Italy, including the Gaeta and Sora districts of southern Lazio, parts of Abruzzo, Molise, Basilicata, northern Calabria, and northern and... A pseudonym (Greek pseudo + -onym: false name) is an artificial, fictitious name, also known as an alias, used by an individual as an alternative to a persons true name. ... Umberto II, occasionally anglicized as Humbert II, (September 15, 1904, Racconigi, province of Cuneo - March 18, 1983, Geneva, Switzerland), the last King of Italy, nicknamed the King of May (Italian: Re di Maggio), was born the Prince of Piedmont. ... Renato Caccioppoli (1904-1959) was a noted Italian mathematician, born 20 January 1904, died by suicide on 8 May 1959 at his home in Palazzo Cellammare. ... Enrico De Nicola (Naples, November 9, 1877 - Torre del Greco, Naples, October 1, 1959) was an Italian jurist, journalist, politician, and the first provisional Head of State of the newborn republic in 1946-1948. ... Giovanni Leone Giovanni Leone (Naples, November 3, 1908 - November 9, 2001) was Prime Minister of Italy from June 21, 1963 to November 5, 1963 and again from June 24, 1968 to November 19, 1968. ...

Notes

For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... May 13 is the 133rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (134th in leap years). ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... February 11 is the 42nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... February 11 is the 42nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Corriere della Sera (Evening Mail) is the most important Italian daily newspapers (first in sales [1]), printed in Milan. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... February 11 is the 42nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... The Cable News Network, commonly known as CNN, is a major cable television network founded in 1980 by Ted Turner. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... May 13 is the 133rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (134th in leap years). ... La Repubblica (meaning: The Republic) is an Italian daily newspaper. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... May 16 is the 136th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (137th in leap years). ... Italian for The Newspaper, Il Giornale was essentially the first Starbucks. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... May 14 is the 134th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (135th in leap years). ... The International Herald Tribune is a widely read English language international newspaper. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... October 6 is the 279th day of the year (280th in leap years). ... The current BBC News logo BBC News and Current Affairs is a major arm of the BBC responsible for the corporations newsgathering and production of news programmes on BBC television, radio and online. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... February 21 is the 52nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... February 24 is the 55th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... The current BBC News logo BBC News and Current Affairs is a major arm of the BBC responsible for the corporations newsgathering and production of news programmes on BBC television, radio and online. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... February 24 is the 55th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... February 24 is the 55th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... La Repubblica (meaning: The Republic) is an Italian daily newspaper. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... May 13 is the 133rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (134th in leap years). ...

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Giorgio Napolitano

• BBC News. Napolitano elected Italy's leader. Retrieved on 2006-05-10.

Presidents of the Italian Republic

De Gasperi (*) • De Nicola • Einaudi • Gronchi • Segni • Merzagora (*) • Saragat • Leone • Fanfani (*) • Pertini • Cossiga • Spadolini (*) • Scalfaro • Mancino (*) • Ciampi • Napolitano Notes: (*) ad interim Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... Wikimedia Commons logo by Reid Beels The Wikimedia Commons (also called Commons or Wikicommons) is a repository of free content images, sound and other multimedia files. ... The current BBC News logo BBC News and Current Affairs is a major arm of the BBC responsible for the corporations newsgathering and production of news programmes on BBC television, radio and online. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... May 10 is the 130th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (131st in leap years). ... Oscar Luigi Scalfaro [skalfaro] (born September 9, 1918) is an Italian politician and magistrate, member of the Catholic Democratic Party and President of the Italian Republic from 1992 to 1999, and lifetime senator. ... Back side of Palazzo Montecitorio designed by architect Ernesto Basile. ... This is a list of Italian Ministers of the Interior since 1861. ... Rosa Russo Jervolino (born September 17, 1936 in Naples) is the current Mayor of Naples. ... Carlo Azeglio Ciampi (born 9 December 1920 in Livorno) is an Italian politician and banker who has been both Prime Minister of Italy and President of the Italian Republic. ... The President of the Italian Republic is the head of State of Italy, and represents national unity. ... This is the list of Presidents of the Italian Republic with the title since 1948. ... Image File history File links Presidential_flag_of_Italy. ... Alcide De Gasperi (3 April 1881 – 19 August 1954) was an Italian statesman and politician. ... Enrico De Nicola (Naples, November 9, 1877 - Torre del Greco, Naples, October 1, 1959) was an Italian jurist, journalist, politician, and the first provisional Head of State of the newborn republic in 1946-1948. ... Luigi Einaudi (1874 - 1961) was an Italian political figure. ... Giovanni Gronchi (September 10, 1887–October 17, 1978) was an Italian politician who became the second President of the Italian Republic in 1955, after Luigi Einaudi. ... Antonio Segni (February 2, 1891, Sassari - December 1, 1972) was twice Prime Minister of Italy (1955-1957, and again 1959-1960). ... Cesare Merzagora (Milan, November 9, 1898 - Rome, May 1, 1991) was an Italian politician. ... Giuseppe Saragat Giuseppe Saragat (1898 - 1988) was the foreign minister of Italy from 1963 to 1964, and the President of the Italian Republic from 1964 to 1971. ... Giovanni Leone Giovanni Leone (Naples, November 3, 1908 - November 9, 2001) was Prime Minister of Italy from June 21, 1963 to November 5, 1963 and again from June 24, 1968 to November 19, 1968. ... Amintore Fanfani (6 February 1908 - 20 November 1999) was an Italian politician and Prime Minister. ... Alessandro (Sandro) Pertini (September 25, 1896 - February 24, 1990) was an Italian politician and arguably the most popular President of Italy ever, along with Carlo Azeglio Ciampi. ... Francesco Cossiga (born July 26, 1928) is an Italian politician and former President of the Italian Republic. ... Giovanni Spadolini (Florence, June 21, 1925-[august 6[1994]]) was a liberal Italian politician, member of Italian Republican Party (PRI), who served as Prime Minister of Italy from 1981-1982, the first in the 1st Republic not from Christian Democracy. ... Oscar Luigi Scalfaro [skalfaro] (born September 9, 1918) is an Italian politician and magistrate, member of the Catholic Democratic Party and President of the Italian Republic from 1992 to 1999, and lifetime senator. ... Nicola Mancino (born October 15, 1931 in Montefalcione) is an Italian politician. ... Carlo Azeglio Ciampi (born 9 December 1920 in Livorno) is an Italian politician and banker who has been both Prime Minister of Italy and President of the Italian Republic. ... Ad interim (ad int) is Latin for temporarily or in the meantime. It also refers to a diplomatic officer who acts in place of an ambassador, as in the term chargé daffaires ad interim. Examples from classic literature: No; but she has become queen of Paris, ad interim, and...