Tsaritsa Giovanna of Bulgaria, (13 November 1907 - 26 February 2000) was the last Tsaritsa of Bulgaria. November 13 is the 317th day of the year (318th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 48 days remaining. ... 1907 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... February 26 is the 57th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... This article is about the year 2000. ... A Tsaritsa (Цари́ца), also called tsarina, czarina, or czaritsa, was the title of Tsars wife or a female autocratic ruler(monarch) of Russia or Bulgaria. ...

Born in Rome, the third daughter of King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy and Queen Elena, former Princess of Montenegro, Giovanna was raised in the Villa Savoia and from a young age was aware her aim in life was to further the House of Savoy's dynastic aspirations through marriage. Although it would eventually prove to be of no assistance to Italy, Giovanna duly married Tsar Boris III of Bulgaria in Assisi in October 1930, at a wedding attended by Benito Mussolini. At a second ceremony in Sofia, Bulgaria, Giovanna converted to Eastern Orthodoxy, bringing her into conflict with the Catholic church. She then got on with the task of producing an heir to the Bulgarian throne, first giving birth to Marie-Louise in January 1933 and then successfully producing an heir in Simeon II of Bulgaria in 1937. The Roman Colosseum Rome (Italian and Latin Roma) is the capital city of Italy, and of its Lazio region. ... Victor Emmanuel III of Italy ( 11 November , 1869 – 28 December , 1947 ), was the King of Italy ( 29 July , 1900 – 9 May , 1946 ), and claimed the titles Emperor of Ethiopia ( 1936 - 1943 ) and King of Albania (1939 - 1943). ... Serbia and Montenegro  â€“ Serbia    â€“ Kosovo and Metohia        (UN administration)    â€“ Vojvodina  â€“ Montenegro Official language Serbian Capital Podgorica Former Royal Capital Cetinje President Filip Vujanović Prime Minister Milo Đukanović Area  â€“ Total  â€“ % water  13,812 km²  n/a Population  â€“ Total (2003)  â€“ Density  616,258  48. ... The House of Savoy was a dynasty of nobles who traditionally had their domain in Savoy, a region between Piedmont, Italy, France and French-speaking Switzerland. ... Tsar Boris III of Bulgaria (January 30, 1894 - August 28, 1943), son of Ferdinand I, came to the throne in 1918 upon the abdication of his father, following Bulgarias defeat in World War I. This was the countrys second major defeat in only five years, after the disastrous... The Lower and Upper Church from the lower piazza Assisi (Latin: Asisium) is a town and episcopal see on the western flank of Mt. ... 1930 is a common year starting on Wednesday. ... Benito Mussolini created a fascist state through the use of propaganda, total control of the media and disassembly of the working democratic government. ... National Theatre, Sofia Alexander Nevski Cathedral The city of Sofia (Bulgarian: София), at the foot of the Vitosha mountain, has a population of 1,208,930 (2003), and is the capital of the Republic of Bulgaria. ... The Vladimir Icon, one of the most venerated of Orthodox Christian icons of Mary. ... Simeon Sakskoburggotski as Prime Minister of Bulgaria Simeon Borisov Sakskoburggotski, formerly Tsar Simeon II of Bulgaria (born June 16, 1937) was the last Tsar of Bulgaria from 1943 to 1946, and was Prime Minister of Bulgaria from 2001 until August 2005. ... 1937 was a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ...

In the years prior to World War II, Giovanna became heavily involved in charities, including the financing of a children's hospital. During the war she counterbalanced her husband consigning Bulgaria to the Axis by obtaining transit visas to enable a number of Jews to escape to Argentina. Tsar Boris also proved less malleable than Hitler had hoped, and following a meeting in Berlin in August 1943, the Tsar became seriously ill and died, aged 49. While stress and a heart condition were the official reasons for his death, rumours that he had been poisoned were voiced at the time and have since grown. Giovanna's son Simeon became the new Tsar and a regency was established led by his uncle Prince Kyril, who was considered more pliable by the Germans. World War II was a truly global conflict with many facets: immense human suffering, fierce indoctrinations, and the use of new, extremely devastating weapons such as the atom bomb World War II, also known as the Second World War, was a mid-20th-century conflict that engulfed much of the... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Adolf Hitler ( ♫) (April 20, 1889 – April 30, 1945) was Chancellor of Germany from 1933 and Führer und Reichskanzler (Leader and Chancellor) of Germany from 1934 to his death. ... For other uses, see Berlin (disambiguation). ... 1943 is a common year starting on Friday. ... His Royal Highness Prince Kyril of Bulgaria (17 November 1895 - 1 February 1945) was the brother of Tsar Boris III of Bulgaria. ...

In the dying days of World War II, Bulgaria was invaded by the Soviet Union. Prince Kyril was tried by a People's Court and subsequently executed. Giovanna and Simeon remained in Bulgaria until 1946, when the new Communist government gave them 48 hours to leave the country. After initially fleeing to Egypt, they moved to Spain, where she lived the rest of her life, except for a brief return to Bulgaria in 1993 when she visited Boris's grave.