NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Giovanni II Bentivoglio

Giovanni II Bentivoglio (1443-1508) was a nobleman who ruled as tyrant of Bologna from 1462 until 1506. The Bentivoglio family ruled over Bologna from 1443, and repeatedly attempted to reinstate the rule of the Signoria, the nobility. Giovanni was a child when his father Annibale I, then chief magistrate of the commune, was murdered by his rival Battista Canneschi in June 1445. Events Albanians, under Turks John Hunyadi defeats Turks at the Battle of Nis Vlad II Dracul begins his second term as ruler of Wallachia, succeeding Basarab II. Births May 31 - Margaret Beaufort (mother of Henry VII of England) December 5 - Pope Julius II Marriages Deaths August 16 - Ashikaga Yoshikatsu, Ashikaga... Events February - Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor attacks Venice June 6 - Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor is defeated in Friulia by Venetian forces; he is forced to sign a three year truce and cede several territories to Venice December 10 - League of Cambrai formed as an alliance against Venice between... A tyrant (from Greek Ï„Ï…ÏÎ±Î½Î½Î¿Ï‚ tyrannos) is a usurper of rightful power, possessing absolute power and ruling by tyranny. ... Bologna (from Latin Bononia, Bulaggna in the local dialect) is the capital city of Emilia-Romagna in northern Italy, between the Po River and the Apennines. ... Events Settlers from Portugal begin to settle the Cape Verde islands. ... // Events Leonardo da Vinci completes the Mona Lisa. ... Events Albanians, under Turks John Hunyadi defeats Turks at the Battle of Nis Vlad II Dracul begins his second term as ruler of Wallachia, succeeding Basarab II. Births May 31 - Margaret Beaufort (mother of Henry VII of England) December 5 - Pope Julius II Marriages Deaths August 16 - Ashikaga Yoshikatsu, Ashikaga... June is the sixth month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of four with the length of 30 days. ... Events Discovery of Senegal and Cape Verde by Dinas Diaz Births March 1 - Sandro Botticelli, Italian painter of the Florentine school during the Early Renaissance (d. ...

Of Giovanni's ascendency, Machiavelli writes that Annibale, "having been murdered by the Canneschi, who had conspired against him, not one of his family survived but Messer Giovanni, who was in childhood: immediately after his assassination the people rose and murdered all the Canneschi. This sprung from the popular goodwill which the house of Bentivoglio enjoyed in those days in Bologna; which was so great that, although none remained there after the death of Annibale who were able to rule the state, the Bolognese, having information that there was one of the Bentivoglio family in Florence, who up to that time had been considered the son of a blacksmith, sent to Florence for him and gave him the government of their city, and it was ruled by him until Messer Giovanni came in due course to the government." (The Prince, Chapter XIX) [1][2] Detail of the portrait of Machiavelli, ca 1500, in the robes of a Florentine public official Niccolò Machiavelli (May 3, 1469—June 21, 1527) was an Italian political philosopher during the Renaissance. ... This article is about the book. ...

This was Sante I (1426-1463), a son of Ercole Bentivoglio, a cousin of Annibale. Sante married Ginevra Sforza (1440-1507) on March 8, 1454. After his death, Giovanni married her on May 2, 1464. Ginevra bore Giovanni Bentivoglio 16 children, 11 of whom survived childhood.[3] Events March 6 - Battle of St. ... Events January 5 - Poet Francois Villon is banned from Paris Births January 17 - Friedrich III, Saxon elector (d. ... Sforza was a ruling family of Renaissance Italy, based in Milan. ... For alternative meanings, see number 1440. ... // Events The western continent is named America on the maps of Martin WaldseemÃ¼ller. ... March 8 is the 67th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (68th in Leap years). ... Events February 4 - In the Thirteen Years War, the Secret Council of the Prussian Confederacy sends a formal act of disobedience to the Grand Master. ... May 2 is the 122nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (123rd in leap years). ... Events February - Norway who was also serving as King of Sweden is declared deposed from the later throne. ...

In 1462, Giovanni contrived to make himself master of the city, although it was nominally a fief of the church under a papal legate. He ruled with a stern sway for nearly half a century, maintaining a splendid court and beautifying the city, in particular developing its waterways. The misery of the city's poor, however, stood in stark contrast to the splendor of the city and its festivities. Events Settlers from Portugal begin to settle the Cape Verde islands. ...

Among the projects he commissioned were the frescoes depicting the life of Saint Cecilia in the Oratorio di Santa Cecilia through the archway of San Giacomo. These fresoces were painted by artists living in the city at the time: Francesco Francia, Lorenzo Costa and Amico Aspertini.[4] Lorenzo Costa's Madonna Enthroned, Thanked by Giovanni II and his Wife Ginevra Sforza and their Children was commissioned by Giovanni Bentivoglio as a votive offering of thanks for the family’s escape from an attempted massacre by the Malvezzi family.[5] Bentivoglio also ordered the Palazzo (City Hall) to be built by the architect G. Nadi, starting in 1498. The Bolognese architect Aristotile Fioravanti, who later settled in Russia, created the plans for the reconstruction of the Palazzo del Podestà, but the reconstruction was not carried out by Bentivoglio until 1484–94. Saint Cecilia Saint Cecilia in the Catholic Church the patron saint of music and of the blind. ... Lorenzo Costa (1460 - 1535) was an Italian painter. ... Events Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama visits Quelimane and MoÃ§ambique in southeastern Africa. ... Aristotile Fioravanti (ca. ... Events July 6 - Portuguese sea captain Diogo Cão finds the mouth of Congo River December 5 - Pope Innocent VIII gives the inquisition a mission to hunt heretics and witches in Germany with the lead of Heinrich Kramer and Jacob Sprenger First cuirassier units (kyrissers) formed in Austria Births January... Events January 25 - Alfonso II becomes King of Naples. ...

On October 7, 1506, the expansive Pope Julius II issued a Bull deposing and excommunicating Bentivoglio and placing the city under interdict. Bentivoglio and his family fled, and Julius II entered Bologna triumphantly on November 10. October 7 is the 280th day of the year (281st in leap years). ... // Events Leonardo da Vinci completes the Mona Lisa. ... Pope Julius II Julius II, né Giuliano della Rovere (December 5, 1443 - February 21, 1513), was pope from 1503 to 1513. ... Excommunication is a religious censure which is used to deprive or suspend membership in a religious community. ... The word interdict usually refers to an ecclesiastical penalty in the Roman Catholic Church. ... November 10 is the 314th day of the year (315th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 51 days remaining. ...

Bentivoglio is said to have consulted the astrologer Luca Gaurico about his destiny. Unpleased with Gaurico's prophecy, Bentivoglio subjected Gaurico to the torture of mancuerda and exiled the astrologer from the city.

In exile, the Bentivoglio family established themselves in Ferrara and produced several important prelates. Ferrara, a town, an archiepiscopal see and a province in Emilia-Romagna, Italy. ...

A son of Giovanni, Annibale II (1469-1540), married Lucrezia d'Este, an illegitimate daughter of Duke Ercole I of Ferrara, in 1487. He served as a condottiero. He reentered 1511 with the help of the French. He was hated by other rival families, such as the Ghisilieri and the Canetoli, and was subsequently assassinated. Events July 26 - Battle of Edgecote Moor October 17 - Prince Ferdinand of Aragon wed princess Isabella of Castile. ... Events January 6 - King Henry VIII of England marries Anne of Cleves, his fourth Queen consort. ... Ferrara, a town, an archiepiscopal see and a province in Emilia-Romagna, Italy. ... Events Richard Fox becomes Bishop of Exeter. ... Events Diego VelÃ¡zquez and HernÃ¡n CortÃ©s conquer Cuba; VelÃ¡zquez appointed Governor. ...

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