NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Giuliano Amato

Giuliano Amato (born May 13, 1938) is an Italian politician. He was Prime Minister of Italy twice, first from 1992 to 1993 and then from 2000 to 2001. He was more recently Vice President of the Convention on the Future of Europe that drafted the new European Constitution. He is commonly nicknamed dottor Sottile, (which means both "Dr. Thin" and "Dr. Subtle", a joke about both his physical thinness and his political insightfulness). He has been named Minister of the Interior in Romano Prodi's incoming government. Image File history File linksMetadata Amato,_Giuliano. ... June 28 is the 179th day of the year (180th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 186 days remaining. ... 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday. ... April 28 is the 118th day of the year (119th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 247 days remaining. ... 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003). ... April 25 is the 115th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (116th in leap years). ... This article is about the year 2000. ... June 11 is the 162nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (163rd in leap years), with 203 days remaining. ... 2001: A Space Odyssey. ... Giulio Andreotti Giulio Andreotti (born in Rome, 14 January 1919) is an Italian political figure, among the most powerful in post-war Italy. ... Massimo DAlema (born on April 20, 1949 in Rome, Italy) is an Italian journalist and politician, a former prime minister and a former national secretary of the PDS, Partito Democratico della Sinistra. ... Carlo Azeglio Ciampi (born in Livorno, 9 December 1920) was elected as the tenth President of the Italian Republic on May 13, 1999. ... (born 29 September 1936) is an Italian politician, entrepreneur, and media proprietor. ... May 13 is the 133rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (134th in leap years). ... 1938 (MCMXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... Turin (Italian: ; Piedmontese: TÃ¼rÃn) is a major industrial city in north-western Italy, capital of the Piedmont region, located mainly on the west bank of the Po River. ... For the Italian political alliance see Olive Tree, and the color, olive (color). ... May 13 is the 133rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (134th in leap years). ... 1938 (MCMXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... This is a list of Prime Ministers of Italy. ... 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday. ... 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003). ... This article is about the year 2000. ... 2001: A Space Odyssey. ... The European Convention, sometimes known as the Convention on the Future of Europe, was a body established by the European Council in December 2001 as a result of the Laeken Declaration. ... The Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe, commonly referred to as the European Constitution, is an international treaty intended to create a constitution for the European Union. ... This is a list of Italian Ministers of the Interior since 1861. ...

Biography

Born in Turin, Amato grew up in Tuscany. He received a first degree in law from the University of Pisa in 1960, while attending the prestigious Collegio Medico-Giuridico, now Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, and a master degree in comparative law from Columbia University in 1963. After teaching at the Universities of Modena, Perugia and Florence, he worked as professor of Italian and Comparative Constitutional Law at the University of Rome La Sapienza from 1975 to 1997. Turin (Italian: ; Piedmontese: TÃ¼rÃn) is a major industrial city in north-western Italy, capital of the Piedmont region, located mainly on the west bank of the Po River. ... Tuscany (Italian Toscana) is a region in central Italy, bordering on Latium to the south, Umbria and Marche to the east, Emilia-Romagna and Liguria to the north, and the Tyrrhenian Sea to the west. ... The University of Pisa (Italian UniversitÃ degli Studi di Pisa) is one of the most renowned Italian universities. ... The Pisa SantAnna (Italian full name: Scuola Superiore SantAnna di Studi Universitari e di Perfezionamento) is a college in Pisa, Tuscany, Italy. ... Columbia University is a private university in the Morningside Heights neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City and a member of the Ivy League. ... The University of Modena and Reggio Emilia (Italian: UniversitÃ degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia), located in Modena and Reggio Emilia, Emilia-Romagna, Italy, is one of the oldest universities in Italy, founded in 1175, with a population of more than 16,000 students. ... University of Perugia (UniversitÃ degli studi di Perugia) is a public-owned university based in Perugia, Italy. ... The University of Florence (UniversitÃ degli Studi di Firenze, UNIFI) is one of the largest and oldest universities in Italy. ... University of Rome La Sapienza (Università della Sapienza) is the most ancient university of Rome, Italy. ...

Amato began his political career in 1958, when he joined the Italian Socialist Party. He was a Member of Parliament from 1983 to 1993. He was undersecretary of state to the Prime Minister's office from 1983 to 1987, deputy prime minister and minister for the treasury from 1987 to 1988, then again treasury minister, from 1988 to 1989. To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

From June 1992 to April 1993, Amato served as Prime Minister. During those ten months, a series of corruption scandals rocked Italy and swept away almost an entire class of political leaders. Amato himself was never implicated, notwithstanding how close he was to Bettino Craxi, a central figure in the corruption system. Bettino Craxi Bettino Craxi (born Benedetto Craxi in Milan, Italy on February 24, 1934, died in Hammamet on January 19, 2000) was an Italian politician. ...

As Prime Minister, Amato responded effectively to two devaluations of the Lira in the wake of currency speculation that led Italy to be expelled from the European Monetary System by cutting the budget deficit drastically, thus taking the first steps in the road that would bring Italy to adopt the Euro. He asked Italians "to put one hand on their hearts and get their wallets out with the other" to save the country from bankruptcy. Devaluation is a reduction in the value of a currency. ... Note: For the use of the term speculative in literature, see speculative fiction. ... There are three stages of monetary cooperation in the European Union. ... A budget deficit occurs when an entity (often a government) spends more money than it takes in. ... The euro (plural euro--but note linguistic issues concerning the euro, symbol: â‚¬; banking code: EUR) is the official currency of the European Union and single currency for over 300 million Europeans in the following twelve European Union member states: Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands... Notice of closure stuck on the door of a computer store the day after its parent company, Granville Technology Group Ltd, declared bankruptcy (strictly, administration - see text) in the UK. Bankruptcy is a legally declared inability or impairment of ability of an individual or organization to pay their creditors. ...

At a point, his government was harshly contested because of a decree that suddenly moved the competence for corruption investigations into the hands of the police, which, being controlled directly by the government, would have not been independent. Fearing that the new system would have effectively blocked investigations on political corruption, Italians took to the streets in massive, spontaneous rallies. President Oscar Luigi Scalfaro refused to sign the decree, deeming it blatantly uncostitutional. While his justice minister Giovanni Conso took the blame, it has been disputed whether Amato was a victim of circumstances or whether he really wanted to save the corruption-ridden system. Decree is an order that has the force of law. ... Oscar Luigi Scalfaro [skalfaro] (born September 9, 1918) is an Italian politician and magistrate, member of the Catholic Democratic Party and President of the Italian Republic from 1992 to 1999, and lifetime senator. ...

At the end of his period as prime minister, Amato gave a speech to the Parliament in which he solemnly promised that the at end of his term he would retire from politics, stressing that his was a true commitment and that he would not break this promise as some politicians (whom he characterized as "mandarins") used to do. However, this promise was short-lived; Amato has come regularly under criticism for having made such a solemn commitment and failìng to keep it. A Mandarin was a bureaucrat in imperial China. ...

Amato was President of Italian antitrust authority from November 1994 to December 1997, minister for institutional reforms in Massimo D'Alema's first government from October 1998 to May 1999, and, once again, treasury minister in D'Alema's second government from December 1999 to April 2000. Amato was nearly elected President of the Republic and a close contender to replace Michel Camdessus as head of the International Monetary Fund. Antitrust or competition laws are laws which seek to promote economic and business competition by prohibiting anti-competitive behavior and unfair business practices. ... Massimo DAlema (born on April 20, 1949 in Rome, Italy) is an Italian journalist and politician, a former prime minister and a former national secretary of the PDS, Partito Democratico della Sinistra. ... This is the list of Presidents of the Italian Republic with the title since 1948. ... Michel Camdessus (born May 1, 1933) was Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) from January 16, 1997 to February 14, 2000. ... The logo of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is the international organization entrusted with overseeing the global financial system by monitoring exchange rates and balance of payments, as well as offering technical and financial assistance when asked. ...

Amato served as prime minister again from April 2000 to May 2001. He promoted economic competitiveness as well as social protection. In addition to economic reforms, he pushed ahead with political and institutional reforms, trying to deal with a weak executive and fragmented legislature.

In December 2001, European Union leaders at the European Council in Laeken apponted Amato and former Belgian Prime Minister Jean-Luc Dehaene to be Vice Presidents of the Convention on the Future of Europe to assist former French President Valéry Giscard d'Estaing in the drafting of the new European Constitution. The European Council, informally called the European summit, is a meeting of the heads of state or government of the European Union, and the President of the European Commission. ... Laeken (French: Laeken, Dutch: Laken) is a residential suburb in north-east Brussels, Belgium. ... Jean-Luc Dehaene (born August 7, 1940) is a Flemish (Belgian) politician. ... This article needs to be updated. ...

Amato is currently a Member of the Senate representing the constituency of Grosseto in Tuscany. Grosseto is a town and comune in the central Italian region of Tuscany, the capital of the Grosseto province. ... Tuscany (Italian Toscana) is a region in central Italy, bordering on Latium to the south, Umbria and Marche to the east, Emilia-Romagna and Liguria to the north, and the Tyrrhenian Sea to the west. ...

Amato is married to Ms Diana Amato, a professor of Family Law at the University of Rome. They have two children, Elisa and Lorenzo, and three grandchildren, Giulia, Marco and Simone.

In 2006, he has been elected in the Chamber of Deputies for the Olive Tree list. Chamber of Deputies or Camera dei Deputati, one house of the bicameral parliamentary system, seats 630 members of which 475 are directly elected and 155 by regional proportional representation. ... For the Italian political alliance see Olive Tree, and the color, olive (color). ...

External links

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