A glacier run (literal translation of Icelandic "jökulhlaup") is due to the eruption of a volcano under a glacier. The ice over the volcano melts because of the heat, causing water to form a lake under the remaining ice-cap. Then the ice-cap collapses, or the water breaks through the barrier in front of it, and there follows a more or less disastrous flooding of the land below the mountain. A glacier run is a type of lahar. A volcano is a geological landform (usually a mountain) where magma (rock of the Earths interior made molten or liquid by extremely high temperatures along with a reduction in pressure and/or the introduction of water or other volatiles) erupts through the surface of the planet. ... Mouth of the glacier Schlatenkees near Innergschlöß, Austria. ... A lahar is a mixture of rock, mud, water and usually debris that flows down from a volcano (or occasionally other mountains), typically along a river valley. ...
The United States Geological Survey uses the Icelandic word, rather than "glacier run", in its online presence. The United States Geological Survey (USGS) is a scientific agency of the United States government. ...
It is not by chance that the term "glacier run" comes from the Icelandic, as the south of Iceland has very often been victim to such catastrophes. Lately, this was the case when in 1996 the volcano under the Grímsvötn lakes belonging to the Vatnajökull glacier erupted and the river Skeiðará flooded the land in front of Skaftafell National Park. The glacier run reached 45 000 m3s-1 and destroyed parts of the Hringvegur (road no. 1). After the flooding some icebergs 10 m high could be seen on the banks of the river where the glacier run had left them behind (see also Mýrdalsjökull). 1996 is a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty. ... // General information The GrÃmsvötn (Icelandic vatn, or lake) are lakes in Iceland. ... Vatnajökull, Iceland The Vatnajökull (pronounced vatnajöküdll) is the largest glacier in Iceland. ... The river Skeiðará is a relatively short glacier river (about 30 km long). ... Mountains in the national park Skaftafell National Park is situated between Kirkjubæjarklaustur and Höfn in the south of Iceland. ... 1. ... An iceberg (berg is the German word for mountain) is a large piece of ice that has broken off from a glacier or ice shelf and is floating in open water. ... Mýrdalsjökull Mýrdalsjökull is a glacier in the south of Iceland. ...
External links
Volcanism at Grímsvötn lakes
USGS use of the terminology
USGS pronunciation of the Icelandic word in English
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