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Encyclopedia > Glacier terminus
A glacial terminus
A glacial terminus
Satellite view of changing glacier termini in the Bhutan-Himalaya.

A glacier terminus, or snout, is the end of a glacier at any given point in time. Although glaciers seem motionless to the observer, in reality glaciers are in endless motion and the glacier terminus is always either advancing or retreating. The location of the terminus is often directly related to glacier mass balance, which is based on the amount of snowfall which occurs in the accumulation zone of a glacier, as compared to the amount that is melted in the ablation zone. The position of a glacier terminus is also impacted by localized or regional temperature change over time. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1600x1200, 686 KB) Summary Boulder Glacier Description: Boulder Glacier with the Sherman (left) and Grant (right) Peaks of Mount Baker behind. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1600x1200, 686 KB) Summary Boulder Glacier Description: Boulder Glacier with the Sherman (left) and Grant (right) Peaks of Mount Baker behind. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (3000x1665, 2030 KB) This image shows the termini of the glaciers in the Bhutan-Himalaya. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (3000x1665, 2030 KB) This image shows the termini of the glaciers in the Bhutan-Himalaya. ... A glacier is a large, long-lasting river of ice that is formed on land and moves in response to gravity and undergoes internal deformation. ... A glacier is a large, long-lasting river of ice that is formed on land and moves in response to gravity and undergoes internal deformation. ... Global glacial mass balance in the last fifty years, reported to the WGMS and NSIDC. The downward trend in the late 1980s is symptomatic of the increased rate and number of retreating glaciers. ... On a glacier, the accumulation zone is the area above the firn line, where snowfall accumulates and exceeds the losses from ablation, (melting, evaporation, and sublimation). ...

Contents

Tracking

Tracking the change in location of a glacier terminus is a method of monitoring a glacier's movement. The end of the glacier terminus is measured from a fixed position in neighboring bedrock periodically over time. The difference in location of a glacier terminus as measured from this fixed position at different time intervals provides a record of the glacier's change. A similar way of tracking glacier change is comparing photographs of the glacier's position at different times.[1] Bedrock is the native consolidated rock underlying the Earths surface. ...


The form of a glacier terminus is determined by many factors. If the glacier is retreating, it is usually mildly sloping in form because a melting glacier tends to assume this shape. But there are many conditions that alter this typical shape, including the presence of thermal fields and various stresses that cause cracking and melting feedback resulting in glacial calving and other diverse forms. [2]


The photograph above shows the glacial lakes formed by the retreating glacial termini on the surface of the debris-covered glaciers over the last several decades in the Bhutan-Himalaya region. The Seven Rila Lakes in Rila, Bulgaria are typical representatives of lakes with glacial origin A glacial lake is a lake with origins in a melted glacier. ... Scars formed by debris flow in great Los Angeles during the winter of 1968-1969. ...


See also

Moraine is the general term for debris of all sorts originally transported by glaciers or ice sheets that have since melted away. ... View from the southeast with the Sherman (left) and Grant (right) summits of Mount Baker behind Boulder Glacier is located on the southeast slope of Mount Baker, a stratovolcano near the Pacific coast of North America in the Cascade Range of Washington. ... Mendenhall Glacier and frozen Mendenhall Lake on a clear winter day Mendenhall Glacier is a glacier about 12 miles long located in Mendenhall Valley, about 12 miles from downtown Juneau in the southeast area of the U.S. state of Alaska. ... Patagonia, Argentina - Perito Moreno Glacier The Perito Moreno Glacier () is a glacier located in the Los Glaciares National Park in the south west of Santa Cruz province, Argentina. ...

Notes

  1. ^ Techniques for studying glacier change. Retrieved on 2007-03-21.
  2. ^ Description of Project. Retrieved on 2007-03-21.

2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... March 21 is the 80th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (81st in leap years). ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... March 21 is the 80th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (81st in leap years). ...

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