|
The glenohumeral joint, commonly known as the shoulder joint, is a synovial ball and socket joint and involves articulation between the glenoid fossa of the scapula (shoulder blade) and the head of the humerus (upper arm bone). Image File history File links Gray327. ...
This article is about the body part. ...
For other uses, see Latin (disambiguation). ...
Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) is a huge controlled vocabulary (or metadata system) for the purpose of indexing journal articles and books in the life sciences. ...
Elseviers logo. ...
This article is about the body part. ...
Synovial joints (or diarthroses, or diarthroidal joints) are the most common and most moveable type of joints in the body. ...
A ball and socket joint (enarthrosis, spheroidal joint) is a joint in which the distal bone is capable of motion around an indefinite number of axes, which have one common center. ...
Glenoid fossa redirects here, for the other use of Glenoid fossa please see mandibular fossa. ...
Left scapula - front view () Left scapula - rear view () In anatomy, the scapula, or shoulder blade, is the bone that connects the humerus (arm bone) with the clavicle (collar bone). ...
The upper extremity of the humerus (proximal humerus) consists of a large rounded head joined to the body by a constricted portion called the neck, and two eminences, the greater and lesser tubercles. ...
Movements The glenoid fossa is shallow and contains the glenoid labrum which deepens it and aids in stability. With 120 degrees of unassisted flexion, the glenohumeral joint is the most mobile joint in the body. A labrum (Latin for lip) is the large vessel of a warm bath in the Roman thermae. ...
Scapulohumeral rhythm helps to achieve further range of movement.
The rotator cuff muscles of the shoulder produce a high tensile force, and help to pull the head of the humerus into the glenoid fossa. The rotator cuff (rotor cuff) is an anatomical term given to the group of muscles and their tendons that act to stabilize the shoulder. ...
In physics, tension is a force on a body directed to produce strain (extension); it can be considered to be negative compression. ...
Capsule The glenohumeral joint has a loose capsule that is lax inferiorly and therefore is at risk of dislocation inferiorly. The long head of the biceps brachii muscle travels inside the capsule to attach to the supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula. The joint capsules or articular capsules form complete envelopes for the freely movable bone joints. ...
Dislocation (joint dislocation) occurs when bones at a joint move from their normal position. ...
In human anatomy, the biceps brachii is a muscle located on the upper arm. ...
The supraglenoid tubercle is a region of the scapula to which the long head of the biceps brachii muscle attaches. ...
Because the tendon is inside the capsule, it requires a synovial tendon sheath to minimize friction.
A number of bursas in the capsule aid mobility. Namely, they are the subcoracoid bursa, coracobrachial bursa and the subtendieus bursa of subscapularis muscle. The bursa are formed by the synovial membrane of the joint capsule. Bursae visible top right and bottom right A bursa (plural bursae or bursas; Latin: Bursa synovialis) is a small fluid-filled sac located at the point where a muscle or tendon slides across bone. ...
It is important to note that the shoulder joint is a muscle dependent joint as it lacks strong ligaments.
Ligaments In addition to the coracohumeral ligament, three supplemental bands, which are named the glenohumeral ligaments, strengthen the capsule. ...
The coracohumeral ligament is a broad ligament which strengthens the upper part of the capsule of the shoulder joint. ...
The transverse humeral ligament is a broad band passing from the lesser to the greater tubercle of the humerus, and always limited to that portion of the bone which lies above the epiphysial line. ...
Pathology The capsule can become inflamed and stiff, with abnormal bands of tissue (adhesions) growing between the joint surfaces, causing pain and restricting movement of the shoulder, a condition known as frozen shoulder or adhesive capsulitis. An adhesion is a fibrous band of scar tissue that binds together normally separate anatomical structures. ...
Frozen shoulder, medically referred to as adhesive capsulitis, is a disorder in which the shoulder capsule, the connective tissue surrounding the glenohumeral joint of the shoulder, becomes inflamed and stiff. ...
External links The State University of New York Health Science Center at Brooklyn, better known as SUNY Downstate Medical Center, is an academic medical center and is the only one of its kind in the Borough of Brooklyn in New York City. ...
eMedicine is an online clinical medical knowledge base that was founded in 1996. ...
Additional images Diagram of the human shoulder joint Image File history File links Shoulderjoint. ...
| The left shoulder and acromioclavicular joints, and the proper ligaments of the scapula. Image File history File links Gray326. ...
| | Joints and ligaments of upper limbs | | Shoulder | sternoclavicular: anterior sternoclavicular - posterior sternoclavicular - interclavicular - costoclavicular acromioclavicular: acromioclavicular - coracoclavicular (trapezoid, conoid) - coracoacromial - superior transverse scapular - inferior transverse of scapula For other uses, see Joint (disambiguation). ...
A ligament is a short band of tough fibrous connective tissue composed mainly of long, stringy collagen fibres. ...
In humans, the upper limb is an anatomical term for the limb that is attached to the pectoral girdle. ...
This article is about the body part. ...
The sternoclavicular articulation is a double arthrodial joint. ...
The anterior sternoclavicular ligament is a broad band of fibers, covering the anterior surface of the articulation; it is attached above to the upper and front part of the sternal end of the clavicle, and, passing obliquely downward and medialward, is attached below to the front of the upper part...
The posterior sternoclavicular ligament is a similar band of fibers, covering the posterior surface of the articulation; it is attached above to the upper and back part of the sternal end of the clavicle, and, passing obliquely downward and medialward, is fixed below to the back of the upper part...
The interclavicular ligament is a flattened band, which varies considerably in form and size in different individuals, it passes in a curved direction from the upper part of the sternal end of one clavicle to that of the other, and is also attached to the upper margin of the sternum. ...
The costoclavicular ligament (rhomboid ligament) is short, flat, strong, and rhomboid in form. ...
The acromioclavicular joint, or AC joint, is a joint at the top of the shoulder. ...
The Acromioclavicular ligament is part of the acromioclavicular joint. ...
The Coracoclavicular Ligament serves to connect the clavicle with the coracoid process of the scapula. ...
The trapezoid ligament, the anterior and lateral fasciculus, is broad, thin, and quadrilateral: it is placed obliquely between the coracoid process and the clavicle. ...
The Conoid Ligament, the posterior and medial fasciculus, is a dense band of fibers, conical in form, with its base directed upward. ...
The Coracoacromial Ligament is a strong triangular band, extending between the coracoid process and the acromion. ...
The superior transverse ligament (transverse or suprascapular ligament) converts the scapular notch into a foramen. ...
The Inferior Transverse Ligament (spinoglenoid ligament) is a weak membranous band, situated behind the neck of the scapula and stretching from the lateral border of the spine to the margin of the glenoid cavity. ...
glenohumeral: coracohumeral - glenohumeral (superior, middle, and inferior) - transverse humeral - glenoid labrum | | Elbow | proximal radioulnar, humeroradial, humeroulnar: ulnar collateral - radial collateral - annular - oblique cord | | Forearm | distal radioulnar: volar radioulnar - dorsal radioulnar
wrist/radiocarpal: palmar radiocarpal - dorsal radiocarpal - ulnar collateral - radial collateral | | Hand | intercarpal, midcarpal: pisohamate ligament - pisometacarpal ligament carpometacarpal: dorsal carpometacarpal - palmar carpometacarpal The coracohumeral ligament is a broad ligament which strengthens the upper part of the capsule of the shoulder joint. ...
In addition to the coracohumeral ligament, three supplemental bands, which are named the glenohumeral ligaments, strengthen the capsule. ...
The transverse humeral ligament is a broad band passing from the lesser to the greater tubercle of the humerus, and always limited to that portion of the bone which lies above the epiphysial line. ...
The Acetabular labrum is also known as the glenoidal labrum of the hip joint in older texts. ...
This article is about the joint in the arm. ...
The proximal radioulnar articulation (superior radioulnar joint) is a trochoid or pivot-joint between the circumference of the head of the radius and the ring formed by the radial notch of the ulna and the annular ligament. ...
The humeroradial joint, the joint between the head of the radius and the capitulum of the humerus, is an arthrodial joint. ...
The humeroulnar joint, the portion of the joint between the ulna and humerus, is a simple hinge-joint, and allows of movements of flexion and extension only. ...
The ulnar collateral ligament (internal lateral ligament) is a thick triangular band consisting of two portions, an anterior and posterior united by a thinner intermediate portion. ...
The radial collateral ligament (external lateral ligament) is a short and narrow fibrous band, less distinct than the ulnar collateral, attached, above, to a depression below the lateral epicondyle of the humerus; below, to the annular ligament, some of its most posterior fibers passing over that ligament, to be inserted...
The Annular Ligament (orbicular ligament) is a strong band of fibers, which encircles the head of the radius, and retains it in contact with the radial notch of the ulna. ...
The oblique cord (oblique ligament) is a small, flattened band, extending downward and lateralward, from the lateral side of the tubercle of the ulna at the base of the coronoid process to the radius a little below the radial tuberosity. ...
// The Human Forearm The forearm is the structure on the upper limb, between the elbow and the wrist. ...
The Distal Radioulnar Articulation (inferior radioulnar joint) is a pivot-joint formed between the head of the ulna and the ulnar notch on the lower end of the radius. ...
The volar radioulnar ligament (anterior radioulnar ligament) is a narrow band of fibers extending from the anterior margin of the ulnar notch of the radius to the front of the head of the ulna. ...
The dorsal radioulnar ligament (posterior radioulnar ligament) extends between corresponding surfaces on the dorsal aspect of the distal radioulnar articulation. ...
In human anatomy, the wrist is the flexible and narrower connection between the forearm and the palm. ...
The palmar radiocarpal ligament (anterior ligament, volar radiocarpal ligament)) is a broad membranous band, attached above to the anterior margin of the lower end of the radius, to its styloid process, and to the front of the lower end of the ulna; its fibers pass downward and medialward to be...
The dorsal radiocarpal ligament (posterior ligament) less thick and strong than the volar, is attached, above, to the posterior border of the lower end of the radius; its fibers are directed obliquely downward and medialward, and are fixed, below, to the dorsal surfaces of the navicular, lunate, and triangular, being...
The ulnar collateral ligament (internal lateral ligament, ulnar carpal collateral ligament) is a rounded cord, attached above to the end of the styloid process of the ulna, and dividing below into two fasciculi, one of which is attached to the medial side of the triangular bone, the other to the...
The radial collateral carpal ligament attaches to the styloid process of the radius and the radial side of the scaphoid bone. ...
For other uses, see Hand (disambiguation). ...
Intercarpal Articulations (Articulations of the Carpus) - These articulations may be subdivided into three sets: 1. ...
Intercarpal Articulations (Articulations of the Carpus) - These articulations may be subdivided into three sets: 1. ...
The pisohamate ligament is the volar ligament that connects the pisiform to the hamate. ...
The pisometacarpal ligament joins the pisiform to the base of the fifth metacarpal bone. ...
The carpometacarpal joint refers to the articulations between the carpal bones and the metacarpals. ...
The dorsal carpometacarpal ligaments, the strongest and most distinct carpometacarpal ligaments, connect the carpal and metacarpal bones on their dorsal surfaces. ...
The palmar carpometacarpal ligaments (or volar) have a somewhat similar arrangement to the dorsal carpometacarpal ligaments, with the exception of those of the third metacarpal, which are three in number: a lateral one from the greater multangular, situated superficial to the sheath of the tendon of the Flexor carpi radialis...
intermetacarpal: deep transverse metacarpal - superficial transverse metacarpal Intermetacarpal Articulations - The bases of the second, third, fourth and fifth metacarpal bones articulate with one another by small surfaces covered with cartilage, and are connected together by dorsal, volar, and interosseous ligaments. ...
The deep transverse metacarpal ligament is a narrow fibrous band which runs across the palmar surfaces of the heads of the second, third, fourth and fifth metacarpal bones, connecting them together. ...
The superficial transverse metacarpal ligament is a ligament of the intermetacarpal articulations joint which runs beneath the deep transverse metacarpal ligament. ...
metacarpophalangeal, interphalangeal | |
Feeds |
Contact