NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Glimepiride

Glimepiride is a medium-to-long acting sulfonylurea anti-diabetic drug. It is marketed as Amaryl® by Aventis. Description Glimepiride is the first III generation sulphonyl urea it is a very potent sulphonyl urea with long duration of action. The regulation of therapeutic goods, that is drugs and therapeutic devices, varies by jurisdiction. ... In pharmacology and toxicology, a route of administration is the path by which a drug, fluid, poison or other substance is brought into contact with the body 1. ... Sulfonylurea derivatives are a class of antidiabetic drugs that are used in the management of diabetes mellitus type 2 (adult-onset). They act by increasing insulin release from the beta cells in the pancreas. ... An anti-diabetic drug or oral hypoglycemic agent is used to treat diabetes mellitus. ... Aventis was formed in 1999 when RhÃ´ne-Poulenc S.A. merged with Hoechst AG. The merged company was based in Strasbourg, France. ...

Mechanism of Action Glimepiride distinctly lower the blood glucose level by both defects of NIDDM, by stimulating pancreatic beta cells to produce more insulin and induced increased activity of peripheral insulin intra cellular receptor.

Clinical Pharmacology With Glimepiride GI absorption is complete with no interference of meals. Significant absorption of glimepiride was seen within one hour, and distributed through out the body, bound to the plasma protein to an extended of 99.5% and it is metabolised by oxidative biotransformation and 60% is excreted in the urine, and remaining is excreted in the faeces.

Dosage There is no fixed dosage regimen for the management of diabetes mellitus with GLI, in general the dosage of GLI should be lowest which is sufficient to achieve the desired metabolic control. Starting dose : 1-2mg OD Maintenance :1-4mg OD Maximum recommended dose : 8mg OD

Drug Interactions With NSAIDs like Salicylates, Sulphoamides, Chlorampenizol coumarin and probencid may potentiate the hypoglycemic action of glimepride. Thiazides, other diuretic, phothiazides, thyroid products, oral contraceptives, phenytoin tend to produce hyperglycemic.

Special Precautions In the initial weeks of treatment the risk of hypoglycemia, may be increased and necessities especially careful monitoring.

Adverse Effects GI disturbance, rarely thrombopenia , leucopenia, haemolytic anaemia, occasionally allergic.

Oral antidiabetic drugs (A10B) edit

Biguanides:

Metformin

Sulfonylureas:

Chlorpropamide, glibenclamide (Glyburide), Gliclazide, Glimepiride, Glipizide, Gliquidone, Tolazamide, Tolbutamide

Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor:

Acarbose

Thiazolidinediones (TZD):

Pioglitazone, Rosiglitazone, Troglitazone

Meglitinides:

Nateglinide, Repaglinide

Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors: Sitagliptin, Vildagliptin

Categories: Pharmacology stubs | Sulfonylureas An anti-diabetic drug or oral hypoglycemic agent is used to treat diabetes mellitus. ... A division of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System A Alimentary tract and metabolism A10A Insulins and analogues A10AB Insulins and analogues, fast-acting A10AB01 Insulin (human) A10AB02 Insulin (beef) A10AB03 Insulin (pork) A10AB04 Insulin lispro A10AB05 Insulin aspart A10AB30 Combinations A10AC Insulins and analogues, intermediate-acting A10AC01 Insulin (human... Biguanides (ATC A10 BA) form a class of oral hypoglycemic drugs used for diabetes mellitus treatment. ... Metformin (GlucophageÂ®, FortametÂ®, RiometÂ®) is an anti-diabetic drug from the biguanide class (its other members are the withdrawn agents phenformin and buformin). ... Sulfonylurea derivatives are a class of antidiabetic drugs that are used in the management of diabetes mellitus type 2 (adult-onset). They act by increasing insulin release from the beta cells in the pancreas. ... Chlorpropamide is a sulphonylurea drug used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. ... Glibenclamide is a class of drug known as sulphonylureas. ... Gliclazide is an oral hypoglycemic (anti-diabetic drug) and is classified as a sulfonylurea. ... Glipizide is an oral medium-to-long acting anti-diabetic drug from the sulfonylurea class. ... Tolazamide is an oral blood glucose lowering drug used for people with Type 2 diabetes. ... Tolbutamide is a sulfonylurea oral hypoglycemic drug sold under the brand name Orinase. ... Glucosidases are glycoside hydrolase enzymes categorized under the EC number 3. ... Acarbose is a drug used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. ... The medication class of thiazolidinedione was introduced in the late 1990s as an adjunctive therapy for diabetes mellitus (type II) and related diseases. ... In medicine and pharmacology, pioglitazone is a member of the drug class of the thiazolidinediones. ... Rosiglitazone is an anti-diabetic drug from the thiazolidinedione class. ... Troglitazone (Rezulin®, Resulin® or Romozin®) is a member of the drug class of the thiazolidinediones. ... This article belongs in one or more categories. ... Nateglinide (StarlixÂ®) is a drug for the treatment of type II diabetes. ... Repaglinide (PrandinÂ® in the US, GlucoNormÂ® in Canada, NovoNormÂ® elsewhere) is a for the treatment of type II diabetes. ... Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors, also DPP-4 inhibitors, are a new class of oral hypoglycemics. ... Sitagliptin, previously identified as MK-0431, is a new oral hypoglycemic (anti-diabetic drug) of the new dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor class of drugs. ... Vildagliptin, previously identified as LAF237, is a new oral hypoglycemic (anti-diabetic drug) of the new dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor class of drugs. ...