World map of the 2006-2007 Global Competitiveness Index. Each color represent one quartile of the ranked nations. Green nations score higher, red nations lower. Grey nations are not ranked. The Global Competitiveness Report is a yearly report published by the World Economic Forum. [1] The first report was released in 1979. The 2006-2007 report covers 125 major and emerging economies. The report "assesses the ability of countries to provide high levels of prosperity to their citizens. This in turn depends on how productively a country uses available resources. Therefore, the Global Competitiveness Index measures the set of institutions, policies, and factors that set the sustainable current and medium-term levels of economic prosperity." [2] It has been widely cited and used by many scholarly and peer-reviewed articles. [3] Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 370 pixelsFull resolution (1350 × 625 pixel, file size: 33 KB, MIME type: image/png) World map of the 2006-2007 Global Competitiveness Index. ...
Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 370 pixelsFull resolution (1350 × 625 pixel, file size: 33 KB, MIME type: image/png) World map of the 2006-2007 Global Competitiveness Index. ...
In descriptive statistics, a quartile is any of the three values which divide the sorted data set into four equal parts, so that each part represents 1/4th of the sample or population. ...
This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ...
Somewhat similar annual reports are the Ease of Doing Business Index and the Indices of Economic Freedom. They also look at at factors that affect economic growth, but not as many as the Global Competitiveness Report. World map of the Ease of Doing Business Index. ...
The annual surveys Economic Freedom of the World and Index of Economic Freedom are two indices which attempt to measure the degree of economic freedom, using a definition for this similar to laissez-faire capitalism, in the worlds nations. ...
One part of the report is the Executive Opinion Survey which is a survey of a representative sample of business leaders in their respective countries. Respondent numbers have increased every year and is currently just over 11,000 in 125 countries. [4]
The report ranks the world's nations according to the Global Competitiveness Index. The report states that it is based on the latest theoretical and empirical research. [5] It is made up of over 90 variables, of which two thirds come from the Executive Opinion Survey, and one third comes from publicly available sources such as the United Nations. The variables are organized into nine pillars, with each pillar representing an area considered as an important determinant of competitiveness. In computer science and mathematics, a variable is a symbol denoting a quantity or symbolic representation. ...
The foundation of the U.N. The United Nations (UN) is an international organization whose stated aims are to facilitate co-operation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress and human rights issues. ...
The report notes that as a nation develops, wages tend to increase, and that in order to sustain this higher income, labor productivity must improve in order for the nation to be competitive. In addition, what creates productivity in Sweden is necessarily different from what drives it in Ghana. Thus, the GCI separates countries into three specific stages: factor-driven, efficiency-driven, and innovation-driven, each implying a growing degree of complexity in the operation of the economy. A wage is the amount of money paid for some specified quantity of labour. ...
In the factor-driven stage countries compete based on their factor endowments, primarily unskilled labor and natural resources. Companies compete on the basis of prices and sell basic products or commodities, with their low productivity reflected in low wages. To maintain competitiveness at this stage of development, competitiveness hinges mainly on well-functioning public and private institutions (pillar 1), appropriate infrastructure (pillar 2), a stable macroeconomic framework (pillar 3), and good health and primary education (pillar 4). The word commodity has a different meaning in business than in Marxian political economy. ...
An institution is a group, tenet, maxim, or organization created by a group of humans. ...
Macroeconomics is the study of the entire economy in terms of the total amount of goods and services produced, total income earned, the level of employment of productive resources, and the general behavior of prices. ...
This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ...
As wages rise with advancing development, countries move into the efficiency-driven stage of development, when they must begin to develop more efficient production processes and increase product quality. At this point, competitiveness becomes increasingly driven by higher education and training (pillar 5), efficient markets (pillar 6), and the ability to harness the benefits of existing technologies (pillar 7).
Finally, as countries move into the innovation-driven stage, they are only able to sustain higher wages and the associated standard of living if their businesses are able to compete with new and unique products. At this stage, companies must compete by producing new and different goods using the most sophisticated production processes (pillar 8) and through innovation (pillar 9). The standard of living refers to the quality and quantity of goods and services available to people and the way these services and goods are distributed within a population. ...
Thus, the impact of each pillar on competitiveness varies across countries, in function of their stages of economic development. Therefore, in the calculation of the GCI, pillars are given different weights depending on the per capita income of the nation. [6] The weights used are the values that best explain growth in recent years [7] For example, the sophistication and innovation factors contribute 10% to the final score in factor and efficiency-driven economies, but 30% in innovation-driven economies. Intermediate values are used for economies in transition between stages. Per capita is a Latin phrase meaning for each head. ...
Variables
- 1. Institutions
- A. Public institutions
- 1. Property rights
- 1.01 Property rights
- 2. Ethics and corruption
- 1.02 Diversion of publics funds
- 1.03 Public trust of politicians
- 3. Undue influence
- 1.04 Judicial independence
- 1.05 Favoritism in decisions of government officials
- 4. Government inefficiency (red tape, bureaucracy and waste)
- 1.06 Wastefulness of government spending
- 1.07 Burden of government regulation
- 5. Security
- 1.08 Business costs of terrorism
- 1.09 Reliability of police services
- 1.10 Business costs of crime and violence
- 1.11 Organized crime
- B. Private institutions
- 1. Corporate ethics
- 1.12 Ethical behavior of firms
- 2. Accountability
- 1.13 Efficacy of corporate boards
- 1.14 Protection of minority shareholders’ interests
- 1.15 Strength of auditing and accounting standards
- 2. Infrastructure
-
-
- 2.01 Overall infrastructure quality
- 2.02 Railroad infrastructure development
- 2.03 Quality of port infrastructure
- 2.04 Quality of air transport infrastructure
- 2.05 Quality of electricity supply
- 2.06 Telephone lines (hard data)
- 3. Macroeconomy
-
-
- 3.01 Government surplus/deficit (hard data)
- 3.02 National savings rate (hard data)
- 3.03 Inflation (hard data)
- 3.04 Interest rate spread (hard data)
- 3.05 Government debt (hard data)
- 3.06 Real effective exchange rate (hard data)
- 4. Health and primary education
- A. Health
-
- 4.01 Medium-term business impact of malaria
- 4.02 Medium-term business impact of tuberculosis
- 4.03 Medium-term business impact of HIV/AIDS
- 4.04 Infant mortality (hard data)
- 4.05 Life expectancy (hard data)
- 4.06 Tuberculosis prevalence (hard data)
- 4.07 Malaria prevalence (hard data)
- 4.08 HIV prevalence (hard data)
- B. Primary education
-
- 4.09 Primary enrolment (hard data)
- 5. Higher education and training
- A. Quantity of education
-
- 5.01 Secondary enrolment ratio (hard data)
- 5.02 Tertiary enrolment ratio (hard data)
- B. Quality of education
-
- 5.03 Quality of the educational system
- 5.04 Quality of math and science education
- 5.05 Quality of management schools
- C. On-the-job training
-
- 5.06 Local availability of specialized research and training services
- 5.07 Extent of staff training
- 6. Market efficiency
- A. Good markets: Distortions, competition, and size
- 1. Distortions
- 6.01 Agricultural policy costs
- 6.02 Efficiency of legal framework
- 6.03 Extent and effect of taxation
- 6.04 Number of procedures required to start a business (hard data)
- 6.05 Time required to start a business (hard data)
- 2. Competition
- 6.06 Intensity of local competition
- 6.07 Effectiveness of antitrust policy
- 6.08 Imports (hard data)
- 6.09 Prevalence of trade barriers
- 6.10 Foreign ownership restrictions
- 3. Size
- 0.00 GDP – exports + imports (hard data)
- 6.11 Exports (hard data)
- B. Labor markets: Flexibility and efficiency
- 1. Flexibility
- 6.12 Hiring and firing practices
- 6.13 Flexibility of wage determination
- 6.14 Cooperation in labor-employer relations
- 2. Efficiency
- 6.15 Reliance on professional management
- 6.16 Pay and productivity
- 6.17 Brain drain
- 6.18 Private sector employment of women
- C. Financial markets: Sophistication and openness
-
- 6.19 Financial market sophistication
- 6.20 Ease of access to loans
- 6.21 Venture capital availability
- 6.22 Soundness of banks
- 6.23 Local equity market access
- 7. Technological readiness
-
-
- 7.01 Technological readiness
- 7.02 Firm-level technology absorption
- 7.03 Laws relating to ICT
- 7.04 FDI and technology transfer
- 7.05 Cellular telephones (hard data)
- 7.06 Internet users (hard data)
- 7.07 Personal computers (hard data)
- 8. Business sophistication
- A. Networks and supporting industries
-
- 8.01 Local supplier quantity
- 8.02 Local supplier quality
- B. Sophistication of firms’ operations and strategy
-
- 8.03 Production process sophistication
- 8.04 Extent of marketing
- 8.05 Control of international distribution
- 8.06 Willingness to delegate authority
- 8.07 Nature of competitive advantage
- 8.08 Value-chain presence
- 9. Innovation
-
-
- 9.01 Quality of scientific research institutions
- 9.02 Company spending on research and development
- 9.03 University/industry research collaboration
- 9.04 Government procurement of advanced technology products
- 9.05 Availability of scientists and engineers
- 9.06 Utility patents (hard data)
- 9.07 Intellectual property protection
- 9.08 Capacity for innovation [8]
Ranking 2006-2007 Hong Kong (香港; Cantonese IPA: ; Jyutping: hoeng1 gong2; Yale: heūng góng; pinyin: Xiānggǎng; Wade-Giles: Hsiang-kang) is one of the two Special Administrative Regions of the Peoples Republic of China. ...
For the Chinese civilization, see China. ...
The Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, commonly known as East Timor, is an island nation in Southeast Asia, consisting of the eastern half of the island of Timor, the nearby islands of Atauro and Jaco, and Oecussi-Ambeno, a political exclave of East Timor situated on the western side of...
External links - Global Competitiveness Report
| Lists of countries with rankings | | Geography | Area · Coastline · Highest point · Lowest point · Compactness · Coast/area ratio · Northernmost point · Southernmost point · Continent A country is a geographical territory, both in the sense of nation (a cultural entity) and state (a political entity). ...
Countries by area This is a list of the countries of the world sorted by total area. ...
Countries by highest point This is a list of countries by highest point above sea level. ...
This is a list of countries by lowest point on land above Sea Level. ...
This is a list of countries by compactness. ...
This is a list of countries by coast/area ratio. ...
This is a list of countries by northernmost point on land. ...
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This is a list of the countries of the world by continent, displayed with their respective national flags and capitals. ...
| | Demographics | Population (graphical • by density) · Population growth rate · Life expectancy · Infant mortality rate · Fertility rate · Birth rate · Death rate · Homicide rate · Human Development Index · Income equality · Literacy rate · HIV/AIDS adult prevalence rate · Unemployment rate · Employment rate · Population living in poverty · Immigrant population · Suicide rate · Undernourishment rate · Firearm-related death rate · Gun ownership Demographics refers to selected population characteristics as used in government, marketing or opinion research, or the demographic profiles used in such research. ...
This is a graphical list of sovereign states and other territories by population, estimated for the year 2005. ...
Population density by country, 2006 List of countries and dependencies by population density in inhabitants/km². The list includes sovereign states and self-governing dependent territories that are recognized by the United Nations. ...
[[Image:Population other political entities by population growth rate, with estimates taken from the 2006 edition of the CIA World Factbook. ...
This article is under construction. ...
This is a list of countries by infant mortality rate, based on The World Factbook, 2005 estimates. ...
Map of countries and territories by fertility rate Graph of Total Fertility Rates vs. ...
This is a list of countries by birth rate, based on The World Factbook, as at September 2005. ...
Death rate by country This is a list of countries and territories by death rate, based on The World Factbook, as of September 2006. ...
List of countries by homicide rate per year per 100,000 inhabitants. ...
Coloured world map indicating Human Development Index (2006) (colour-blind compliant map) This is a list of countries by Human Development Index as included in the United Nations Development Programmes Human Development Report 2006, compiled on the basis of 2004 data. ...
World map of the Gini coefficient This is a list of countries or dependencies by Income inequality metrics, sorted in ascending order according to their Gini coefficient. ...
World literacy rates by country, based on The World Factbook. ...
People living with HIV/AIDS by country The adult HIV prevalence at the end of 2004 This is a list of countries and territories by people living with HIV/AIDS and the prevalence rate among adults, based on data from various sources, such as the The CIA World Factbook [1...
Map of world unemployment rates based on CIA Factbook data This is a list of countries by unemployment rate. ...
This is a list of countries by employment rate (the proportion of working age adults employed). ...
This article contains a list of countries by percentage of the population living below poverty line and a list of countries by population living under $2 a day and $1 a day. ...
This is a list of countries by immigrant population, based on United Nations (UN) World Population Policies 2005 publication[1][2], released by United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division. ...
The following is a List of suicide rates by country according to data from the World Health Organization in which a countrys rank is determined by its total rate of suicides. ...
Map of world undernourishment levels by country. ...
This is a list of countries by firearm-related death rate per 100,000 population in one year. ...
This is a list of countries by percentage of households owning firearms. ...
| | Economy | Current account balance · Foreign exchange reserves · Imports · Number of internet users · Number of telephone lines · Countries by steel production · Exports (per capita) · Debt (External, Public) · Consumption (Electricity, Natural gas, Electricity Intensity) · Production (Natural gas production by country, Natural gas proven reserves, Oil proven reserves) Blue = countries in surplus; Red = countries in deficit This is a list of countries and territories by current account balance, in millions of U.S. dollars, equivalence based on The World Factbook ([1]). Most data are 2006 estimates. ...
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold in 2006 Foreign exchange reserves (also called Forex reserves) in a strict sense are only the foreign currency deposits held by central banks and monetary authorities. ...
This is a list of countries by number of internet users mostly based on The World Factbook [1] accessed in September 2007. ...
This is a list of countries by number of telephone lines mostly based on The World Factbook [1] accessed in September 2007. ...
This is a list of countries by steel production in 2006 mostly based on International Iron and Steel Institute accessed in September 2007. ...
This is a list of countries by exports per capita. ...
Tax rates around the world Tax revenue as % of GDP Economic policy Monetary policy Central bank Money supply Fiscal policy Spending Deficit Debt Trade policy Tariff Trade agreement Finance Financial market Financial market participants Corporate Personal Public Banking Regulation Government debt (also known as public debt or national debt) is...
Map of countries by external debt based on 2005 CIA factbook figures This is a list of countries by gross (i. ...
Map of countries by public debt This is a list of countries by public debt as percentage of gross domestic product, based on The World Factbook. ...
In economics, consumption refers to the final use of goods and services to provide utility. ...
Countries by electricity consumption This is a list of countries by electricity consumption mostly based on The World Factbook [1] accessed in March 2006. ...
This is a list of countries by natural gas consumption mostly based on The World Factbook [1] accessed in June 2006. ...
The countries with the highest GDP has different ELectricity Intensity. ...
This is a list of countries by natural gas production mostly based on The World Factbook [1] accessed in September 2007 . ...
This is a list of countries by natural gas proven reserves mostly based on The World Factbook [1] accessed in September 2007. ...
This is a list of countries by oil proven reserves mostly based on The World Factbook [1] accessed in September 2007. ...
| GDP | Nominal (per capita) · PPP (per capita • per capita per hour)
Past (nominal • PPP) · Future (nominal • PPP • PPP per capita) · Growth (real • per capita)
Sector composition · Demographics comparison Countries by nominal GDP. Source: IMF (2005) This article includes a list of countries of the world sorted by their gross domestic product (GDP), the value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year. ...
Map of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita. ...
There are three lists of countries of the world sorted by their gross domestic product (GDP) (the value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year). ...
Map of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita for the year 2006. ...
This is a list of countries of the world sorted by their Gross Domestic Product (PPP converted) per hour. ...
Economic history is the study of economic change, and of economic phenomena in the past. ...
This is a list of the countries of the world in order of Gross domestic product (GDP), based on exchange rates, not on purchasing power parity. ...
These are lists of regions and countries sorted by their estimated real gross domestic product (GDP) in terms of purchasing power parity (PPP), the value of all final goods and services produced within a country/region in a given year. ...
Econometrics is concerned with the tasks of developing and applying quantitative or statistical methods to the study and elucidation of economic principles. ...
This article includes a list of countries of the world sorted by their gross domestic product (GDP), the value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year. ...
The list below is of countries of the world sorted by their gross domestic product (GDP), the value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year. ...
The list below is of countries of the world by their gross domestic product per capita, the value of all final goods and services produced within a nation per capita, within a given year. ...
World GDP/capita changed very little for most of human history before the industrial revolution. ...
This article includes a list of countries of the world sorted by their gross domestic product (real) growth rate, the increase in value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year -- not taking into account Purchasing power parity and taking into account the inflation. ...
This is a list of countries by GDP (real) growth rate per capita. ...
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This is a sortable list of countries, territories and other political entities by GDP and various growth rate. ...
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Society | Heads of state and government · Political rights and civil liberties · Press freedom · Privacy · Perception of corruption · Bribe paying · Property rights · Economic freedom · Globalization · Ease of doing business · Economic competitiveness · Date of independence · Legal drinking age · School leaving age · Abortion law · Homosexuality laws · Death penalty · Quality-of-life · E-readiness · Failed States index · Travel Freedom The Politics series Politics Portal This box: Politics is the process by which groups of people make decisions. ...
Young people interacting within an ethnically diverse society. ...
This is a list of current heads of state and government, showing heads of state and heads of government where different, mainly in parliamentary systems; it should be noted that often a leader is both in presidential systems or dictatorships. ...
Map reflecting the findings of Freedom Houses 2007 survey, concerning the state of world freedom in 2006, which is widely used by researchers and correlates highly with other measures of democracy[1]. Some of these estimates are disputed. ...
Reporters Without Borders, or RWB (French: Reporters sans frontières, Spanish: Reporteros Sin Fronteras, or RSF) is a French origin international non-governmental organization that advocates freedom of the press, founded by its current general-secretary, Robert Menard. ...
Privacy International (PI) has been instrumental in establishing the modern international privacy movement. ...
Overview of the index of perception of corruption, 2006 Since 1995, Transparency International has published an annual Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI)[1] ordering the countries of the world according to the degree to which corruption is perceived to exist among public officials and politicians.[2] The organization defines corruption as...
Bribe Payers Index (BPI) is a measure of how willing a nation appears to comply with demands for corrupt business practices. ...
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Globalization Index is a list of countries by A.T. Kearney/Foreign Policy Magazine according to Globalization criteria. ...
World map of the Ease of Doing Business Index. ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with List of countries by date of statehood. ...
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The school leaving age states the minimum age which a person is legally allowed to leave compulsory education. ...
International status of abortion law Legal on demand Legal for rape, maternal life, health, mental health, socioecomic factors, and/or fetal defects Legal for or illegal with exception for rape, maternal life, health, fetal defects, and/or mental health Illegal with exception for rape, maternal life, health, and/or mental...
World laws on homosexuality Legality of same-sex unions in the US. Legality of same-sex unions in Europe. ...
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The Economist Intelligence Unit’s quality of life index is based on a unique methodology that links the results of subjective life-satisfaction surveys to the objective determinants of quality of life across countries. ...
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| | Military | Military expenditures · Number of active troops · Possession of nuclear weapons · UN peacekeepers currently deployed · Global Peace Index Military expenditure by country using CIA World Factbook figures Military spending as a percentage of GDP using CIA World Factbook figures This is a list of countries by military expenditures using the latest information available. ...
Number of active troops per country This is a list of countries sorted by the total number of active troops where the military manpower of a country is measured by the total amount of active troops within the command of that country. ...
This is a list of states with nuclear weapons, sometimes called the nuclear club. ...
UN refugee camp in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo. ...
World map of the Global Peace Index The Global Peace Index is an attempt to measure the relative position of nations’ and regions’ peacefulness. ...
| | Environment | Carbon dioxide emissions (per capita) · Greenhouse gas emissions per capita · GDP per emissions · Sustainability This is a list of countries by carbon dioxide emissions. ...
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This is a list of countries ranked by greenhouse-gas emissions per capita in 2000. ...
This is a list of countries arranged by their ratio of Gross domestic product (GDP (Nominal)) to carbon dioxide emissions. ...
The Environmental Sustainability Index (ESI) is a composite index tracking 21 elements of environmental sustainability covering natural resource endowments, past and present pollution levels, environmental management efforts, contributions to protection of the global commons, and a societys capacity to improve its environmental performance over time. ...
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