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Global warming conspiracy[1] and global warming conspiracy theory[2] are terms used to refer to the claim that the theory that global warming is caused by humans is a conscious fraud, perpetuated for financial or ideological reasons.[3] The term conspiracy theory can be used in a pejorative manner, and proponents of the claim often refer to a "global warming hoax"[4] or "global warming fraud"[5] instead. Global warming refers to the increase in the average temperature of the Earths near-surface air and oceans in recent decades and its projected continuation. ...
For other uses, see Conspiracy theory (disambiguation). ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with pejoration. ...
A hoax is an attempt to trick an audience into believing that something false is real. ...
Claims
- The suggestion of a conspiracy to promote the theory of global warming was put forward in a 1990 documentary The Greenhouse Conspiracy broadcast by Channel Four in the United Kingdom on 12 August 1990. The program was part of the Equinox series,[1], and it asserted that scientists critical of global warming theory were denied funding.[6] Although the program title referred to a conspiracy, Patrick Michaels downplayed the idea, saying, "It may not quite add up to a conspiracy, but certainly a coalition of interests has promoted the greenhouse theory; scientists have needed funds, the media a story, and governments a worthy cause". [7]
- Writing in the National Review in 1997, Ron Bailey said, "Militia members are famously worried that black helicopters are practicing maneuvers with blue-helmeted UN troops in a plot to take over America. But the actual peril is more subtle. A small cadre of obscure international bureaucrats are hard at work devising a system of 'global governance' that is slowly gaining control over ordinary Americans' lives. Maurice Strong, a 68-year-old Canadian, is the 'indispensable man' at the center of this creeping UN power grab."[8] Bailey notes that Strong's most prominent and influential role to date was as Chairman of the Earth Summit which gave rise to the UN Framework Convention on Global Climate Change, and asserts that proposals to restrict emissions of greenhouse gases (then under negotiation) would cost the US "$90 billion to $400 billion annually in lost Gross Domestic Product and a loss of between 600,000 and 3.5 million jobs." Bailey alleges Strong's list of contacts includes:
- Bailey remarks "It's not a conspiracy, of course: just a group of like-minded people fighting to save the world from less prescient and more selfish forces -- namely, market forces." [9]
- In a speech given to the US Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works on July 28, 2003, entitled "The Science of Climate Change",[10] Senator James Inhofe (R-Okla) concluded by asking the following question: "With all of the hysteria, all of the fear, all of the phony science, could it be that man-made global warming is the greatest hoax ever perpetrated on the American people?" Inhofe has suggested that supporters of Kyoto such as Jacques Chirac are aiming at global governance.[11]
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- A Washington Post article describing the views of global warming skeptics quotes climatologist William M. Gray as having "his own conspiracy theory," saying, "He has made a list of 15 reasons for the global warming hysteria. The list includes the need to come up with an enemy after the end of the Cold War, and the desire among scientists, government leaders and environmentalists to find a political cause that would enable them to 'organize, propagandize, force conformity and exercise political influence. Big world government could best lead (and control) us to a better world!'" In this article, Gray also cites the ascendancy of Al Gore to the vice presidency as the start of his problems with federal funding. According to him, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration stopped giving him research grants, and so did NASA.[13]
- The March 1, 2007 issue of Whistleblower magazine, a publication of WorldNetDaily, is titled "HYSTERIA: Exposing the secret agenda behind today's obsession with global warming," and asserts that "all the main players –- from politicians and scientists to big corporations and the United Nations –- benefit from instilling fear into billions of human beings over the unproven theory of man-made global warming".
- Commenting on criticism of the Lavoisier Group by Clive Hamilton, the Cooler Heads Coalition notes that "Hamilton accuses the Lavoisier Group of painting the UN's global warming negotiations as "an elaborate conspiracy in which hundreds of climate scientists have twisted their results to support the 'climate change theory' in order to protect their research funding" and adds, "Sounds plausible to us."[14]
- Tim Ball, former professor at the University of Winnipeg, wrote in a February 2007 interview, "You’ve got this incestuous little group that is controlling the whole process both through their publications and the IPCC. I’m not a conspiracy theorist and I hate being even pushed toward that, but I think there is a consensus conspiracy that’s going on." [15]
The Greenhouse Conspiracy is a documentary film broadcast by Channel 4 in the United Kingdom on 12 August 1990, as part of the Equinox series, which criticised the theory of global warming and asserted that scientists critical of global warming theory were denied funding [1]. Although the title of the...
Channel 4 is a television broadcaster in the United Kingdom (see British television). ...
is the 224th day of the year (225th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 1990 (MCMXC) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar). ...
Equinox is a long-running Channel4 popular science and documentary programme. ...
Patrick J. Michaels, Ph. ...
National Review (NR) is a biweekly magazine of political opinion, founded by author William F. Buckley, Jr. ...
For the band, see 1997 (band). ...
The role of militia, also known as civilian military service and duty, in the United States is complex and has transformed over time. ...
A stereotypical image of a black helicopter Black helicopters are part of a conspiracy theory, especially prevalent among the US militia movement, that claims that special unmarked black helicopters are used by secret agents of the New World Order, United Nations troops and/or the Men in Black preparing to...
UN and U.N. redirect here. ...
Maurice F. Strong,(born April 29, 1929, in Oak Lake, Manitoba) is an industrialist and public servant and was the Secretary-General of the 1992 United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), better known as the Earth Summit. ...
The United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, also known as the Earth Summit (or, in Portuguese, Eco 92) was a major conference held in Rio de Janeiro from June 3 to June 14, 1992. ...
The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) is an international environmental treaty produced at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), informally known as the Earth Summit, held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992. ...
This article is about the former Vice President of the United States. ...
The World Bank logo The World Bank (the Bank) is a part of the World Bank Group (WBG), is a bank that makes loans to developing countries for development programs with the stated goal of reducing poverty. ...
James D. Wolfensohn (2003) James Wolfensohn AO KBE (born December 1, 1933) was the ninth president of the World Bank Group. ...
James Gustave (Gus) Speth was a co-founder of the Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC) while in his last year at Yale Law School and later established the World Resources Institute. ...
The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) is the largest multilateral source of grant technical assistance in the world. ...
Sir Shridath Ramphal (born 1928) was the second Commonwealth Secretary-General (1975 to 1990). ...
For other uses, see Commonwealth (disambiguation). ...
Founded in 1982, the World Resources Institute (WRI) is an environmental think tank based in Washington, D.C. WRI is an independent, non-partisan and nonprofit organization with a staff of more than 100 scientists, economists, policy experts, business analysts, statistical analysts, mapmakers, and communicators developing and promoting policies with...
Ingvar Carlsson (born 9 November 1934 in BorÃ¥s, Västra Götalands län, Sweden), is a Swedish politician, former Prime Minister of Sweden (Mar 1986âOct 1991; Oct 1994âMar 1996) and leader of the Social Democrat Party (Mar 1986âMar 1996). ...
Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev[1] (Russian: , IPA: ; born 2 March 1931) is a Russian politician. ...
George Herbert Walker Bush (born June 12, 1924) was the 41st President of the United States, serving from 1989 to 1993. ...
James Mountain Inhofe, usually known as Jim Inhofe (born November 17, 1934) is an American politician from Oklahoma. ...
âChiracâ redirects here. ...
Global governance refers to political interaction aimed at solving problems that affect more than one state or region when there is no power of enforcing compliance. ...
The American Free Press (AFP) is a weekly newspaper published in the United States which often focuses on the issue of the role of Zionism in the United States. ...
The front cover of the privately circulated report of the 1980 Bilderberg conference in Bad Aachen, Germany. ...
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The scientific opinion on global warming, as expressed by the UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is that the average global temperature has risen 0. ...
William M. Bill Gray, PhD is Emeritus Professor of Atmospheric Science at Colorado State University (CSU), and head of the Tropical Meteorology Project at CSUs Department of Atmospheric Sciences. ...
It has been suggested that World Federation be merged into this article or section. ...
This article is about the former Vice President of the United States. ...
The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) is a scientific agency of the United States Department of Commerce focused on the conditions of the oceans and the atmosphere. ...
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) (IPA [ËnæsÉ]) is an agency of the United States government, responsible for the nations public space program. ...
Whistleblower, formerly WorldNet, is the monthly news magazine companion of WorldNetDaily. ...
For the Internet service, see AT&T WorldNet. ...
The Lavoisier Group is an organisation based in Australia that promotes scepticism of current scientific consensus on global warming. ...
Growth Fetish is a book about economics and politics by the Australian left-wing political theorist Clive Hamilton. ...
The Cooler Heads Coalition was a project of the National Consumer Coalition, itself a project of the 501(c)3 charitable nonprofit organization Consumer Alert. ...
Timothy Francis Ball, Ph. ...
The University of Winnipeg received its charter in 1967 but its roots date back more than 130 years. ...
Fictional representations - The novel State of Fear by Michael Crichton describes a conspiracy by scientists and others to create public panic about global warming. The novel includes 20 pages of footnotes, described by Crichton as providing a factual basis for the non-plotline elements of the story.[17]
State of Fear is a 2004 novel by Michael Crichton published by HarperCollins on December 7, 2004. ...
Michael Crichton, pronounced [1], (born October 23, 1942) is an American author, film producer, film director, and television producer. ...
Participants Many of those claimed to be participants in a conspiracy to promote global warming theory appear prominently in other conspiracy theories[citation needed]. These include organisations such as and individuals such as UN and U.N. redirect here. ...
The front cover of the privately circulated report of the 1980 Bilderberg conference in Bad Aachen, Germany. ...
The environmental movement (a term that sometimes includes the conservation and green movements) is a diverse scientific, social, and political movement. ...
Kofi Atta Annan (born April 8, 1938) is a Ghanaian diplomat who served as the seventh Secretary-General of the United Nations from January 1, 1997 to January 1, 2007, serving two five-year terms. ...
âChiracâ redirects here. ...
Maurice F. Strong,(born April 29, 1929, in Oak Lake, Manitoba) is an industrialist and public servant and was the Secretary-General of the 1992 United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), better known as the Earth Summit. ...
Soros redirects here. ...
This article is about the former Vice President of the United States. ...
Motives A number of different, and sometimes contradictory, motives have been claimed for a conspiracy to promote the idea of global warming Look up conspiracy in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
- A desire on the part of environmentalists to prevent carbon-based industrial development in Africa[21]
- A desire on the part of environmentalists to promote pollution-intensive industrial development in Africa, while reducing industrial output in the United States [22]
- A desire on the part of left-wing political activists to promote an agenda described by Melanie Phillips[5] as a "left-wing, anti-American, anti-west ideology which goes hand in hand with anti-globalisation and the belief that everything done by the industrialised world is wicked. The agenda to cripple this world is revealed by highly questionable assumptions made by climate modellers about likely developments in economics, technology or population movements, which affect emissions and consequent temperature predictions."
UN and U.N. redirect here. ...
Global governance refers to political interaction aimed at solving problems that affect more than one state or region when there is no power of enforcing compliance. ...
Maurice F. Strong,(born April 29, 1929, in Oak Lake, Manitoba) is an industrialist and public servant and was the Secretary-General of the 1992 United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), better known as the Earth Summit. ...
Climatology is the science that studies climates and investigates their phenomena and causes. ...
In politics, left-wing, political left, leftism, or simply the left, are terms which refer (with no particular precision) to the segment of the political spectrum typically associated with any of several strains of socialism, social democracy, or liberalism (especially in the American sense of the word), or with opposition...
Conservatism is a term used to describe political philosophies that favor tradition and gradual change, where tradition refers to religious, cultural, or nationally defined beliefs and customs. ...
Margaret Hilda Thatcher, Baroness Thatcher, LG, OM, PC, FRS (née Roberts; born 13 October 1925) served as British Prime Minister from 1979 to 1990 and leader of the Conservative Party from 1975 until 1990, being the first and only woman to hold either post. ...
Helmut Josef Michael Kohl (born April 3, 1930) is a German conservative politician and statesman. ...
This article is about applications of nuclear fission reactors as power sources. ...
Ideological motives Statements made or allegedly made by various supporters of climate change policies have been quoted as giving support to the idea that anthropogenic global warming may be used primarily for political purposes. Look up anthropogenic in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
- According to a critical editorial written by Peter Menzies in the Calgary Herald, Christine Stewart, former Canadian Environment Minister for the Liberal Party of Canada, said in 1998 that "No matter if the science is all phoney, there are collateral environmental benefits.[25]
- According to the 1993 book Science under Siege by Michael Fumento, former US Senator Timothy Wirth, (D-Colo) said that "We've got to ride the global warming issue. Even if the theory of global warming is wrong, we will be doing the right thing – in terms of economic policy and environmental policy.."[26] [27]
Alike, observers have also expressed the idea that the environmental movement is more about a socialist political mission than about scienctific inquiry. The Calgary Herald is a daily Calgary, Alberta newspaper. ...
The Liberal Party of Canada (French: ), colloquially known as the Grits (originally Clear Grits), is a Canadian federal political party. ...
Michael Fumento is an American author, journalist, and attorney who writes about science and health issues, such as obesity, the health dangers of breast implants, teen drug use, Agrarian utopianism, and AIDS. Fumento argues that many reports of threats to society are based on bad science and egregiously misused statistics. ...
Tim Wirth (1939-) is a former United States Senator from Colorado. ...
The historic Blue Marble photograph, which helped bring environmentalism to the public eye. ...
Socialism is a broad array of ideologies and political movements with the goal of a socio-economic system in which property and the distribution of wealth are subject to control by the community for the purposes of increasing social and economic equality and cooperation. ...
- According to a critical special contribution written by Lawrie McFarlane in Victoria's Times Colonist, "For socialism, at least in its early form, shared those same instincts -- distrust of private enterprise, animus toward wealth, the urge to proselytize and faith in big government. And like environmentalism, it marched under the banner of a superior morality. (...) Environmentalism is neither religion nor science. It is a political mission, every bit as unquestioning as socialism in its heyday, and offering the same giddy promise to followers: The delicious prospect of being in the right, and better still, running things." [28]
- Czech President Vaclav Klaus said that "This ideology preaches earth and nature and under the slogans of their protection – similarly to the old Marxists – wants to replace the free and spontaneous evolution of mankind by a sort of central, now global, planning of the whole world" [29]
This article is about the city of Victoria. ...
Václav Klaus (born 19 June 1941) is the second President of the Czech Republic and a former Prime Minister of the Czech Republic. ...
Criticism Critics of claims that scientists and others concerned with global warming are promoting a fraud or hoax have commonly used the term "conspiracy theory" to describe this view. On the other hand, those who describe the scientific consensus on global warming as a "hoax", "fraud" or even "conspiracy" often object to the use of the terms "conspiracy theory" or "conspiracy theorists" to describe them and their views.[30] - Steve Connor links the terms "hoax" and "conspiracy," saying, "Reading through the technical summary of this draft (IPCC) report, it is clear that no one could go away with the impression that climate change is some conspiratorial hoax by the science establishment, as some would have us believe."[31]
- In a piece headed Crichton's conspiracy theory, Harold Evans described Crichton's theory as being "in the paranoid political style identified by the renowned historian Richard Hofstadter," and went on to suggest that "if you happen to be in the market for a conspiracy theory today, there's a rather more credible one documented by the pressure group Greenpeace," namely the funding by ExxonMobil of groups opposed to the theory of global warming [32]
- Responding to the film The Great Global Warming Swindle,. UK Secretary of State for Environment, Farming and Rural Affairs, David Miliband presented a rebuttal of the main points of the film and stated "There will always be people with conspiracy theories trying to do down the scientific consensus, and that is part of scientific and democratic debate, but the science of climate change looks like fact to me."[34]
- Also, responding to The Great Global Warming Swindle, John Houghton said, "The most prominent person in the programme was Lord Lawson, former Chancellor of the Exchequer who is not a scientist and who shows little knowledge of the science but who is party to the creation of a conspiracy theory that questions the motives and integrity of the world scientific community, especially as represented by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)."[2]
Richard Hofstadter (August 6, 1916 - October 24, 1970) was an American historian and DeWitt Clinton Professor of American History at Columbia University. ...
For other uses, see Exon (disambiguation). ...
The Great Global Warming Swindle is a controversial documentary film by British television producer Martin Durkin, which argues against the scientific opinion that human activity is the main cause of global warming. ...
George Monbiot. ...
The Great Global Warming Swindle is a controversial documentary film by British television producer Martin Durkin, which argues against the scientific opinion that human activity is the main cause of global warming. ...
David Wright Miliband (born 15 July 1965) is a British politician who is the current Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs [1] and Member of Parliament for the constituency of South Shields, Tyne and Wear. ...
Sir John T. Houghton FRS CBE is the co-cahir of the IPCC working group I. He was the lead editor of first three IPCC reports. ...
Nigel Lawson, Baron Lawson of Blaby, PC (born March 11, 1932), was a British politician, Chancellor of the Exchequer between June 1983 and October 1989. ...
Overheated rhetoric It has been widely observed that the debate over climate change has given rise to "overheated rhetoric" on both sides [35]. Statements that global warming is a "hoax" or "fraud" may, in some cases, be instances of such rhetoric, intended to emphasize a claim that advocates of anthropogenic global warming theory are egregiously wrong, rather than seriously-intended claims of deliberate dishonesty by a large group of scientists and others.
Claims of conspiracy made by supporters of global warming theory Supporters of global warming theory have similarly accused their opponents of being motivated by financial or ideological interests, and in some cases have used the term "conspiracy" to describe this. According to an article in Reason magazine, US Interior Secretary Bruce Babbitt stated in 1998 that, "Oil and coal companies in the United States have joined in a conspiracy to hire pseudoscientists to deny the facts, and then begin raising political arguments that are essentially fraudulent"[36] The libertarian Reason Magazine dedicated an issue to Ayn Rands influence one hundred years after her birth. ...
Bruce Edward Babbitt (born June 27, 1938), a Democrat, served as United States Secretary of the Interior and as Governor of Arizona. ...
Notes For the band, see 1997 (band). ...
is the 244th day of the year (245th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ...
is the 320th day of the year (321st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
The Washington Times is a daily newspaper published in Washington, D.C.. It was founded in 1982 as a conservative alternative to the Washington Post by members of the controversial Unification Church. ...
is the 65th day of the year (66th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ...
Project 21 is a media public relations group that provides broadcasters with prominent African-American conservative commentators as guests. ...
Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ...
is the 240th day of the year (241st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Steven Milloy is a columnist for Fox News and a paid advocate for Phillip Morris, ExxonMobil and other corporations. ...
is the 78th day of the year (79th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ...
Fox News Channels slogan is We Report, You Decide The Fox News Channel is a U.S. cable and satellite news channel. ...
Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ...
is the 240th day of the year (241st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Michael Duffy is an Australian journalist. ...
is the 99th day of the year (100th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
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Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ...
is the 240th day of the year (241st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
is the 53rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ...
The Times Colonist is an English-language daily newspaper in Victoria, British Columbia, Canada. ...
Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ...
is the 240th day of the year (241st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Reuters Group plc (LSE: RTR and NASDAQ: RTRSY); pronounced is known as a financial market data provider and a news service that provides reports from around the world to newspapers and broadcasters. ...
is the 80th day of the year (81st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ...
Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ...
is the 240th day of the year (241st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ...
is the 320th day of the year (321st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ...
is the 320th day of the year (321st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ...
is the 320th day of the year (321st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ...
is the 320th day of the year (321st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ...
is the 320th day of the year (321st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ...
is the 320th day of the year (321st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
See also - Climate change denial, an opposing allegation
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