The glucose oxidase enzyme (GOx) (EC 1.1.3.4) binds to beta-D-glucose (an isomer of the six carbon sugar, glucose) and aids in breaking the sugar down into its metabolites. GOx is a dimeric protein which catalyzes the oxidation of beta-D-glucose into D-glucono-1,5-lactone which then hydrolyzes to gluconic acid. Hugo is a masculine name. ... The Entrez logo The Entrez Global Query Cross-Database Search System allows access to databases at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) website. ... The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) is part of the US National Library of Medicine (NLM), which is a branch of the US National Institutes of Health. ... Swiss-Prot is a curated biological database of protein sequences created in 1986 by Amos Bairoch during his PhD and developed by the Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics and the European Bioinformatics Institute. ... The Enzyme Commission number (EC number) is a numerical classification scheme for enzymes, based on the chemical reactions they catalyze. ... Short and long arms Chromosome. ... The Enzyme Commission number (EC number) is a numerical classification scheme for enzymes, based on the chemical reactions they catalyze. ... In chemistry, isomers are molecules with the same chemical formula and often with the same kinds of bonds between atoms, but in which the atoms are arranged differently. ... Glucose (Glc), a monosaccharide (or simple sugar), is the most important carbohydrate in biology. ... A metabolite is the product of metabolism. ... Sucrose, or common table sugar, is composed of glucose and fructose. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Catalysis. ... Glucono delta-lactone (GDL) is a naturally occurring food additive used as a sequestrant, an acidifier, or a curing, pickling, or leavening agent. ... Hydrolysis is a chemical reaction or process in which a molecule is split into two parts by reacting with a molecule of water, which has the chemical formula H2O. One of the parts gets an OH- from the water molecule and the other part gets an H+ from the water. ... Gluconic acid is the carboxylic acid formed by the oxidation of the first carbon of glucose and has the chemical formula C6H12O7. ...

The CAS number for this type of the enzyme is [9001-37-0]. CAS registry numbers are unique numerical identifiers for chemical compounds, polymers, biological sequences and alloys. ...

In order to work as a catalyst, GOx requires a cofactor, flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD). FAD is a common component in biological oxidation-reduction (redox reactions). Redox reactions involve a gain or loss of electrons from a molecule. In the GOx catalyzed redox reaction, FAD works as the initial electron acceptor and is reduced to FADH₂. Then FADH₂ is oxidized by the final electron acceptor, molecular oxygen (O₂) which can do so because it has a higher reduction potential. O₂ is then reduced to hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). A cofactor is any substance that needs to be present in addition to an enzyme to catalyze a certain reaction. ... Riboflavin Flavin is a tricyclic heteronuclear organic ring based on pteridine whose biochemical source is the vitamin riboflavin. ... Semi-accurate illustration of a redox reaction Redox reactions include all chemical processes in which atoms have their oxidation number (oxidation state) changed. ... General Name, Symbol, Number oxygen, O, 8 Chemical series Nonmetals, chalcogens Group, Period, Block 16, 2, p Appearance colorless (gas) very pale blue (liquid) Atomic mass 15. ... Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a very pale blue liquid which appears colourless in a dilute solution, slightly more viscous than water. ...

The glucose oxidase enzyme is commonly used in biosensors to detect levels of glucose by keeping track of the number of electrons passed through the enzyme by connecting it to an electrode and measuring the resulting charge. This has a possible application in the world of nanotechnology when used in conjunction with tiny electrodes as glucose sensors for diabetics. A biosensor is a device for the detection of an analyte that combines a biological component with a physicochemical detector component. ... The Electron is a fundamental subatomic particle that carries an electric charge. ... Ribbon diagram of the enzyme TIM, surrounded by the space-filling model of the protein. ... An electrode is a conductor used to make contact with a nonmetallic part of a circuit (e. ... Molecular gears from a NASA computer simulation. ... For the disease characterized by excretion of large amounts of severely diluted urine, see diabetes insipidus. ...

Glucose oxidase is found in honey and acts as a natural preservative. GOx at the surface of the honey reduces atmospheric O₂ to hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) which acts as an antimicrobial barrier. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a very pale blue liquid which appears colourless in a dilute solution, slightly more viscous than water. ... An antimicrobial is a substance that kills or slows the growth of microbes like bacteria (antibacterial activity), fungi (antifungal activity), viruses (antiviral activity), or parasites (antiparasitic activity). ...

See also

• Oxidoreductase

In biochemistry, an oxidoreductase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of electrons from one molecule (the oxidant, also called the hydrogen donor or electron donor) to another (the reductant, also called the hydrogen acceptor or electron acceptor). ...

External links

• "Glucose Oxidase: A much used and much loved enzyme in biosensors" at www-biol.paisley.ac.uk
• MeSH Glucose+Oxidase