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Encyclopedia > Glutathione peroxidase
glutathione peroxidase 1
Identifiers
Symbol GPX1
HUGO 4553
Entrez 2876
OMIM 138320
RefSeq NM_000581
UniProt P07203
Other data
EC number 1.11.1.9
Locus Chr. 3 p21.3
glutathione peroxidase 3 (plasma)
Identifiers
Symbol GPX3
HUGO 4555
Entrez 2878
OMIM 138321
RefSeq NM_002084
UniProt P22352
Other data
EC number 1.11.1.9
Locus Chr. 5 q23
glutathione peroxidase 5 (epididymal androgen-related protein)
Identifiers
Symbol GPX5
HUGO 4557
Entrez 2880
OMIM 603435
RefSeq NM_001509
UniProt O75715
Other data
EC number 1.11.1.9
Locus Chr. 6 p21.32
glutathione peroxidase 6 (olfactory)
Identifiers
Symbol GPX6
HUGO 4558
Entrez 257202
OMIM 607913
RefSeq NM_182701
UniProt P59796
Other data
EC number 1.11.1.9
Locus Chr. 6 p21

Glutathione peroxidase (PDB 1GP1, EC 1.11.1.9) is the general name of an enzyme family with peroxidase activity whose main biological role is to protect the organism from oxidative damage. The biochemical function of glutathione peroxidase is to reduce lipid hydroperoxides to their corresponding alcohols and to reduce free hydrogen peroxide to water. There are several isozymes encoded by different genes, which vary in celullar location and substrate specificity. Glutathione peroxidase 1 is the most abundant version, found in the cytoplasm of nearly all mammalian tissues, whose preferred substrate is hydrogen peroxide. An example reaction that glutathione peroxidase catalyzes is: Gen w/ Deepview from PDB:1GP1 File links The following pages link to this file: Peroxidase Glutathione peroxidase Categories: Free use images | Protein images ... Hugo is a masculine name. ... The Entrez logo The Entrez Global Query Cross-Database Search System allows access to databases at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) website. ... The Mendelian Inheritance in Man project is a database that catalogues all the known diseases with a genetic component, and - when possible - links them to the relevant genes in the human genome. ... The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) is part of the US National Library of Medicine (NLM), which is a branch of the US National Institutes of Health. ... Swiss-Prot is a curated biological database of protein sequences created in 1986 by Amos Bairoch during his PhD and developed by the Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics and the European Bioinformatics Institute. ... The Enzyme Commission number (EC number) is a numerical classification scheme for enzymes, based on the chemical reactions they catalyze. ... Short and long arms Chromosome. ... Chromosome 3 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans. ... Hugo is a masculine name. ... The Entrez logo The Entrez Global Query Cross-Database Search System allows access to databases at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) website. ... The Mendelian Inheritance in Man project is a database that catalogues all the known diseases with a genetic component, and - when possible - links them to the relevant genes in the human genome. ... The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) is part of the US National Library of Medicine (NLM), which is a branch of the US National Institutes of Health. ... Swiss-Prot is a curated biological database of protein sequences created in 1986 by Amos Bairoch during his PhD and developed by the Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics and the European Bioinformatics Institute. ... The Enzyme Commission number (EC number) is a numerical classification scheme for enzymes, based on the chemical reactions they catalyze. ... Short and long arms Chromosome. ... Chromosome 5 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans. ... Hugo is a masculine name. ... The Entrez logo The Entrez Global Query Cross-Database Search System allows access to databases at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) website. ... The Mendelian Inheritance in Man project is a database that catalogues all the known diseases with a genetic component, and - when possible - links them to the relevant genes in the human genome. ... The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) is part of the US National Library of Medicine (NLM), which is a branch of the US National Institutes of Health. ... Swiss-Prot is a curated biological database of protein sequences created in 1986 by Amos Bairoch during his PhD and developed by the Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics and the European Bioinformatics Institute. ... The Enzyme Commission number (EC number) is a numerical classification scheme for enzymes, based on the chemical reactions they catalyze. ... Short and long arms Chromosome. ... Chromosome 6 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans. ... Hugo is a masculine name. ... The Entrez logo The Entrez Global Query Cross-Database Search System allows access to databases at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) website. ... The Mendelian Inheritance in Man project is a database that catalogues all the known diseases with a genetic component, and - when possible - links them to the relevant genes in the human genome. ... The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) is part of the US National Library of Medicine (NLM), which is a branch of the US National Institutes of Health. ... Swiss-Prot is a curated biological database of protein sequences created in 1986 by Amos Bairoch during his PhD and developed by the Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics and the European Bioinformatics Institute. ... The Enzyme Commission number (EC number) is a numerical classification scheme for enzymes, based on the chemical reactions they catalyze. ... Short and long arms Chromosome. ... Chromosome 6 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans. ... The Protein Data Bank (PDB) is a repository for 3-D structural data of proteins and nucleic acids. ... The Enzyme Commission number (EC number) is a numerical classification scheme for enzymes, based on the chemical reactions they catalyze. ... Ribbon diagram of the enzyme TIM, surrounded by the space-filling model of the protein. ... Glutathione Peroxidase 1 A peroxidase (eg. ... A polyunsaturated triglyceride. ... The general structure of an organic peroxide. ... Functional group of an alcohol molecule. ... Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a very pale blue liquid which appears colourless in a dilute solution, slightly more viscous than water. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Catalysis. ...

2GSH + H2O2 → GSSG + 2H2O,

where GSH represents reduced monomeric glutathione, and GSSG represents glutathione disulphide. Glutathione reductase then reduces the oxidized glutathione to complete the cycle: In chemistry, a monomer (from Greek mono one and meros part) is a small molecule that may become chemically bonded to other monomers to form a polymer. ... Skeletal formula of glutathione 3D model of glutathione Glutathione (GSH), whose IUPAC name is 2-amino-5-{[2-[(carboxymethyl)amino]- 1-(mercaptomethyl)-2-oxoethyl]amino}-5-oxopentanoic acid, is γ-glutamylcysteinylglycine, a tripeptide. ... Glutathione reductase reduces oxidized glutathione Categories: ‪Science stubs‬ | ‪Enzyme stubs‬ | ‪Biochemistry stubs‬ | ‪Biochemistry‬ ...

GSSG + NADPH + H+ → 2 GSH + NADP+.

Glutathione peroxidase is a selenium-containing tetrameric glycoprotein, that is, a molecule with four selenocysteine amino acid residues. As the integrity of the cellular and subcellular membranes depends heavily on glutathione peroxidase, the antioxidative protective system of glutathione peroxidase itself depends heavily on the presence of selenium. Mice genetically engineered to lack glutathione peroxidase 1 (Gpx1 knockout mice) are phenotypically normal, indicating that this enzyme is not critical for life. However, glutathione peroxidase 4 knockout mice (Gpx4 knockout) die during early embryonic development. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP) is used in anabolic reactions, such as fatty acid and nucleic acid synthesis, which require NADPH as a reducing agent. ... Se redirects here. ... A tetramer is a protein with four subunits (tetrameric). ... A glycoprotein is a macromolecule composed of a protein and a carbohydrate (an oligosaccharide). ... Chemical structure of L-selenocysteine Space-filling model of L-selenocysteine Selenocysteine is an amino acid that is present in several enzymes (for example glutathione peroxidases, tetraiodothyronine 5 deiodinases, thioredoxin reductases, formate dehydrogenases, glycine reductases and some hydrogenases). ... Phenylalanine is one of the standard amino acids. ... Skeletal formula of glutathione 3D model of glutathione Glutathione (GSH), whose IUPAC name is 2-amino-5-{[2-[(carboxymethyl)amino]- 1-(mercaptomethyl)-2-oxoethyl]amino}-5-oxopentanoic acid, is γ-glutamylcysteinylglycine, a tripeptide. ... Space-filling model of the antioxidant metabolite glutathione. ...


The bovine erythrocyte enzyme has a molecular weight of 84 kDa. The molecular mass of a substance (less accurately called molecular weight and abbreviated as MW) is the mass of one molecule of that substance, relative to the unified atomic mass unit u (equal to 1/12 the mass of one atom of carbon-12). ... Possible meanings: Kachin Defense Army Kentucky Distillers Association Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace This page expands a three-character combination which might be any or all of: an abbreviation, an acronym, an initialism, a word in English, or a word in another language. ...


Glutathione peroxidase was discovered in 1957 by Gordon C. Mills. See Journal of Biological Chemistry 229:189-97.1957.


See also

v • d • e
Oxidoreductases: peroxidases (EC 1.11)

Catalase - Cytochrome c peroxidase - Eosinophil peroxidase - Glutathione peroxidase - Horseradish peroxidase - Lactoperoxidase - Myeloperoxidase - Thyroid peroxidase - Deiodinase (Tetraiodothyronine 5' deiodinase) Glutathione reductase reduces oxidized glutathione Categories: ‪Science stubs‬ | ‪Enzyme stubs‬ | ‪Biochemistry stubs‬ | ‪Biochemistry‬ ... In biochemistry, an oxidoreductase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of electrons from one molecule (the oxidant, also called the hydrogen donor or electron donor) to another (the reductant, also called the hydrogen acceptor or electron acceptor). ... Glutathione Peroxidase 1 A peroxidase (eg. ... The Enzyme Commission number (EC number) is a numerical classification scheme for enzymes, based on the chemical reactions they catalyze. ... Catalase (human erythrocyte catalase: PDB 1DGF, EC 1. ... Cytochrome c peroxidase, or CCP,( PDB 2CYP, EC 1. ... Eosinophil peroxidase is a peroxidase which is cytotoxic to bacteria. ... The enzyme horseradish peroxidase, found in horseradish, is used extensively in molecular biology in antibody amplification and detection, among other things[1]. For example, In recent years the technique of marking neurons with the enzyme horseradish peroxidase (HRP) has become a major tool. ... Lactoperoxidase is a peroxidase enzyme found in milk. ... Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a peroxidase enzyme (EC 1. ... Thyroid peroxidase is an enzyme (EC 1. ... Deiodinase (eg. ... Tetraiodothyronine 5 deiodinase is an enzyme. ...


  Results from FactBites:
 
Glutathione - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (559 words)
Glutathione participates in leukotriene synthesis and is a cofactor for the enzyme glutathione peroxidase.
Glutathione is also needed for the detoxification of methylglyoxal, a toxin produced as a by-product of metabolism.
Glyoxalase II (EC 3.1.2.6) catalyzes the hydrolysis of S-D-Lactoyl-glutathione to glutathione and D-lactate.
Glutathione (GSH) - Your Whey to Health (1329 words)
Low glutathione levels are found in immune compromised individuals, neuro-degenerative diseases such as multiple sclerosis, ALS, Alzheimers, and Parkinson's disease, atherosclerosis, male infertility, pregnancy complications, cataracts, damage from many pharmaceutical drugs, cancer and poor survival rates for patients with AIDS.
Depressed glutathione levels are associated with the increased generation of free radicals found in Parkinson’s patients, for example, and contributes to further brain cell death.
Glutathione is essential in intermediary metabolism as a donor of sulfhydryl groups which are essential for the detoxification of acetaminophen.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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