Glynn S. Lunney (born November 27, 1936) is a retired NASA engineer. An employee of NASA since its foundation in 1958, Lunney was a flight director during the Gemini and Apollo programs, and was on duty during historic events such as the Apollo 11 lunar ascent and the pivotal hours of the Apollo 13 crisis. At the end of the Apollo program, he became manager of the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project, the first collaboration in spaceflight between the United States and the Soviet Union. Later, he served as manager of the Space Shuttle program before leaving NASA in 1985 and becoming a Vice President of the United Space Alliance. The Apollo-Soyuz Test Project was the first joint flight of the U.S. and Soviet space programs. ... is the 331st day of the year (332nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1936 (MCMXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Old Forge is a borough in Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania, United States. ... For other uses, see NASA (disambiguation). ... Chief of Flight Operations during a NASA space mission. ... is the 331st day of the year (332nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1936 (MCMXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... For other uses, see NASA (disambiguation). ... Look up engineer in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Chief of Flight Operations during a NASA space mission. ... Project Gemini was the second human spaceflight program of the United States of America. ... Project Apollo was a series of human spaceflight missions undertaken by the United States of America (NASA) using the Apollo spacecraft and Saturn launch vehicle, conducted during the years 1961 – 1975. ... This article covers the Apollo 11 mission itself. ... This article is about the Apollo mission. ... The Apollo-Soyuz Test Project was the first joint flight of the U.S. and Soviet space programs. ... NASAs Space Shuttle, officially called Space Transportation System (STS), is the United States governments current manned launch vehicle. ... Headquartered in Houston, Texas, United Space Alliance (USA) is one of the world’s leading space operations companies. ...

Lunney was a pivotal figure in America's manned space program from Project Mercury through the coming of the Space Shuttle. He has received numerous awards for his work, including the National Space Trophy, which he was given by the Rotary Club in 2005. Chris Kraft, NASA's first flight director, described Lunney as "a true hero of the space age", saying that he was "one of the outstanding contributors to the exploration of space of the last four decades".^[1] Project Mercury was the first human spaceflight program of the United States. ... This article is about the space vehicle. ... Logo of Rotary International Rotary International is an organisation whose members comprise Rotary Clubs (service clubs) located all over the world. ... Christopher Columbus Kraft, Jr. ...

Early life and NACA career

Glynn Lunney grew up in the coal town of Old Forge, Pennsylvania. He was the eldest son of William Lunney, a welder and former miner who encouraged his son to get an education and to find a job beyond the mines.^[2] A childhood interest in model airplanes prompted Lunney to study engineering in college.^[3] After attending the University of Scranton from 1953 through 1955, he transferred to the University of Detroit, where he enrolled in the cooperative training program run by the Lewis Research Center in Cleveland, Ohio. The center was a part of the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA), a United States federal agency founded to promote aeronautical research. Cooperative students at NACA took part in a program that combined work and study, providing a way for them to fund their college degrees while gaining experience in aeronautics. Lunney graduated from college in June 1958, with a Bachelor of Science degree in Aerospace Engineering.^[4] Old Forge is a borough in Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania, United States. ... The University of Scranton is a private, co-educational Jesuit university, located in Scranton, Pennsylvania, in the northeast region of the state. ... University of Detroit Mercy (4001 W. McNichols Rd. ... The Glenn Research Center is located in Cleveland, Ohio between Cleveland Hopkins International Airport and the Metropark. ... Cleveland redirects here. ... NACA official seal The National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) was a U.S. federal agency founded on March 3, 1915 to undertake, promote, and institutionalize aeronautical research. ...

After graduation, Lunney remained with NACA. His first job was as a researcher in aerospace dynamics at Lewis Research Center, where he worked with a team studying the thermodynamics of vehicles during high-speed reentry. Using a B-57 bomber, the team sent small rockets high into the atmosphere in order to measure their heating profile.^[5] The Martin B-57 Canberra was a twin-engine jet bomber and reconnaissance aircraft which entered service in the 1950s. ...

NASA career

Mercury

Only a month after Lunney graduated, President Eisenhower signed into existence the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), into which NACA was subsumed. His timing was perfect, for as Lunney later said, "there was no such thing as space flight until the month I got out of college".^[6] Lunney was soon transferred to Langley Research Center in Hampton, Virginia, where in September 1959 he became a member of the Space Task Group, which was the body given responsibility for the creation of NASA's manned space program. Aged twenty-one, he was the youngest of the forty-five members of the group.^[7] His first assignment was with the Control Center Simulation Group, which planned the simulations used to train both flight controllers and astronauts for the as-yet unknown experience of manned spaceflight.^[5] NASA Logo Listen to this article · (info) This audio file was created from the revision dated 2005-09-01, and does not reflect subsequent edits to the article. ... Langley Research Center NASA Langley 14 x 22 foot Subsonic Wind Tunnel. ... Motto: Americas First Location in the State of Virginia Coordinates: County Independent City Mayor Ross Kearney II Area    - City 352. ... The Space Task Group was a working group of engineers based at Langley Research Center in Hampton, Virginia. ... Flight controller: a space flight control room position at NASAs Mission Control Center. ...

A member of the Flight Operations Division, Lunney was one of the engineers responsible for planning and creating procedures for Project Mercury, America's first manned space program. He took part in the writing of the first set of mission rules, the guidelines by which both flight controllers and astronauts operated. During Mercury, Lunney became the second man to serve as the Flight Dynamics Officer (FIDO) in Mission Control, controlling the trajectory of the spacecraft and planning adjustments to it. His colleague Gene Kranz described him as "the pioneer leader of trajectory operations, who turned his craft from an art practiced by a few into a pure science".^[8] It was during these years that Lunney became the protege of flight director Chris Kraft, a relationship that would last some twenty years.^[3] Project Mercury was the first human spaceflight program of the United States. ... Flight controller: a space flight control room position at NASAs Mission Control Center. ... Flight Dynamics Officer (FDO) is a term for a space flight support postion. ... Mission Control Center (MCC) is a unit that manages aerospace flights. ... Gene Kranz in a more recent photo. ... Chief of Flight Operations during a NASA space mission. ... Christopher Columbus Kraft, Jr. ...

Lunney worked both in Mission Control and at remote sites; during the flight of John Glenn, America's first orbital spaceflight, he was serving as the FIDO in Bermuda.^[9] In 1961, NASA's manned spaceflight program was transferred to the newly built Manned Spacecraft Center in Houston, Texas, and Lunney moved with it. In Houston, he became head of the Mission Logic and Computer Hardware section, where he defined and oversaw the computing and display requirements of the flight dynamics division within Mission Control.^[5] Mission Control Center (MCC) is a unit that manages aerospace flights. ... For other persons named John Glenn, see John Glenn (disambiguation). ... // Crew John Glenn (flew on Mercury 6 & STS-95) Backup Crew M. Scott Carpenter Mission parameters Mass: 1,352 kg Perigee: 159 km Apogee: 265 km Inclination: 32. ... Houston redirects here. ...

Gemini

Lunney (top left) with John Hodge and James Beach during Gemini 3.

Gemini was a step forward for NASA's manned space program: the Gemini capsule was larger and more advanced than Mercury, capable of supporting two men for up to a two-week mission. Because of the longer mission durations, Mission Control began to be manned in shifts. In 1964, Glynn Lunney and Gene Kranz were selected by Chris Kraft to join Kraft and his deputy John Hodge as flight directors. Aged only twenty-eight, Lunney was the youngest of the four.^[10] John Hodge before the Gemini 4 mission. ... Gemini 3 was a 1965 manned space flight in NASAs Gemini program. ... Gene Kranz in a more recent photo. ... Christopher Columbus Kraft, Jr. ... John Hodge before the Gemini 4 mission. ...

Lunney worked backup on Gemini 3, taking charge of the newly established Mission Control Center in Houston, at a time when flights were still controlled from Cape Canaveral in Florida. On Gemini 4, he again was working backup, this time in Florida, supporting the first mission that was controlled entirely from Houston. After spending some time on unmanned testing for the Apollo program, he returned to work as a flight director on Gemini 9, 10, 11 and 12.^[11] Gemini 3 was a 1965 manned space flight in NASAs Gemini program. ... Mission Control Center (MCC) is a unit that manages aerospace flights. ... Merritt Island and Kennedy Space Center (shown in white). ... Gemini 4 (officially Gemini IV) was a 1965 manned space flight in NASAs Gemini program. ...

Apollo

As with Project Mercury, Lunney was involved in Project Apollo right from the beginning. He took charge of the "boilerplate" tests of the Apollo abort escape system at White Sands, which took place during the Gemini program, and was flight director during the first unmanned Saturn V test flight, SA-501.^[12] However, he was not scheduled to serve as a flight director on the first manned Apollo mission, later known as Apollo 1. During the routine countdown demonstration test that resulted in the Apollo 1 fire, Lunney was at home having dinner with astronaut Bill Anders and his wife, and was called into Mission Control when the fire occurred.^[13] It was, as he recalled, "a tremendous punch in the stomach to all of us".^[14] The aftermath of the fire, in which three astronauts were killed, left Lunney and his colleagues at NASA feeling that they had perhaps failed to recognize the risks they were running in their efforts to meet Kennedy's timetable of landing a man on the moon by the end of the decade. "Maybe", said Lunney over thirty years later, "we had gotten a little overconfident".^[15] Project Mercury was the first human spaceflight program of the United States. ... Project Apollo was a series of human spaceflight missions undertaken by the United States of America (NASA) using the Apollo spacecraft and Saturn launch vehicle, conducted during the years 1961 – 1975. ... Boilerplate version of Gemini spacecraft on display at Air Force Space and Missile Museum, Cape Canaveral, Florida October 15, 2004. ... White Sands Missile Range (WSMR), formerly known as the White Sands Proving Grounds, is located in Otero County, New Mexico, mostly in the Tularosa Basin, a valley between the Organ Mountains, San Andres Mountains and the Sacramento Mountains of the U.S. state of New Mexico, it includes the northern... For the moon designated Saturn V, see Rhea. ... Italics indicate parameters for the planned mission canceled following the Jan 27 fire. ... William A. Anders (b. ...

Lunney on console during the Apollo 16 mission.

Lunney attracted significant media attention in 1968, when he worked as lead flight director on Apollo 7, the first of the manned Apollo flights. Coming as it did after the Apollo 1 fire, the mission was an important test for the Apollo program, and was stressful for astronauts and controllers alike. It was Lunney who had primary responsibility for dealing with the cantankerous mission commander, Wally Schirra, who repeatedly refused to take orders from the ground. Although pressed by reporters in news conferences, Lunney stayed diplomatic and said nothing critical of Schirra.^[16] Privately, however, he was extremely exasperated, and later assured his team of young controllers that "manned spaceflight is usually better than this".^[17] He was also diplomatic about Don Eisele's sarcastic comment to the CAPCOM that he would "like to meet the man, or whomever it was, that dreamed up that little gem". The "gem" turned out to be Lunney's.^[18] Apollo 16 was the tenth manned mission in the Apollo program and the fifth mission to land on the Moon. ... Apollo 7 was the first manned mission in the Apollo program to be launched. ... Italics indicate parameters for the planned mission canceled following the Jan 27 fire. ... Walter Marty Schirra, Jr. ...

As a flight director Lunney was known for his good memory and his unusually quick thought processes—traits that could sometimes prove problematic for his team of flight controllers.^[19] "Glynn would drive you crazy", said Jay Greene, a fellow controller, "because his mind would race so fast that he could churn out action items quicker than you could absorb, much less answer."^[20] Jay Greene is a retired NASA engineer. ...

During the Apollo 13 crisis, Lunney played a key role. Coming on shift an hour after the oxygen tank explosion that put the crew's lives in jeopardy, Lunney and his team faced the unprecedented challenge of having to power up the lunar module on an extremely tight timeline, while transferring guidance and navigation data to it from the dying command module. His excellent memory and quick thinking were critical in the success of his team during the ensuing hours. Ken Mattingly, the astronaut who had been bumped from the Apollo 13 crew due to his exposure to measles, later called Lunney's performance "the most magnificent display of personal leadership that I’ve ever seen".^[21] On the day following the Apollo 13 splashdown, Lunney joined his fellow flight directors in accepting the Presidential Medal of Freedom on behalf of the Apollo 13 mission operations team. The award was made by President Nixon during a ceremony at the Manned Spacecraft Center.^[22] This article is about the Apollo mission. ... Description Role: Lunar landing Crew: 2; CDR, LM pilot Dimensions Height: 20. ... Thomas Kenneth Ken Mattingly II, Rear Admiral, USN (retired) (born March 17, 1936) is an American who as an astronaut flew on the Apollo 16, STS-4, and STS-51-C missions. ... The Presidential Medal of Freedom The Presidential Medal of Freedom is one of the two highest civilian awards in the United States and is bestowed by the President of the United States (the other award which is considered its equivalent is the Congressional Gold Medal, which is bestowed by an... President Richard M. Nixon awards the Presidential Medal of Freedom to the Apollo 13 Mission Operations Team. ... Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913 – April 22, 1994) was the 37th President of the United States, serving from 1969 to 1974. ...

Apollo-Soyuz Test Program

In 1970, while still a flight director, Lunney was selected as one of the representatives in a NASA delegation to the Soviet Union, which was to discuss the possibility of cooperation between the two countries in the field of manned spaceflight. "For me it was out of the clear blue sky", said Lunney, who was told of the plans while at a conference in early October. "I did not know anything about [the proposed talks] until that time."^[23] The trip took place in late October. While in Moscow, Lunney gave a presentation to Soviet engineers on the techniques that NASA used for orbital rendezvous, and on the compromises that would have to be made in order to achieve a rendezvous between American and Soviet spacecraft. The technical agreement that he helped to draft laid the groundwork for the mission which was to become the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project (ASTP). It was intended to be a joint mission, whose highlight was to be a docking between an American Apollo spacecraft and a Soviet Soyuz.^[24] The Apollo-Soyuz Test Project was the first joint flight of the U.S. and Soviet space programs. ... Soyuz is Russian for Union. Depending on the context, Soyuz may also refer to either of the following: The originally Soviet (now Russian) Soyuz program of human spaceflight The Soyuz spacecraft, used in that program The Soyuz launch vehicle that is used to launch those and other spacecraft This is...

Lunney (left) shows President Nixon a model of the Apollo and Soyuz spacecraft docked during a tour of the Johnson Space Center, March 20, 1974.

Lunney was named technical director of the ASTP in the following year. As technical director, he made several more trips to the Soviet Union, helping to negotiate the seventeen-point agreement that would govern the conduct of the mission.^[25] He also took part in working groups in Houston that dealt with the technical details of the project. A New York Times profile reported that he was taking Russian lessons in order to be better prepared for the role.^[26] is the 79th day of the year (80th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1974 (MCMLXXIV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar) of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. ...

On June 13, 1972, Lunney was given overall responsibility for the test project; henceforth he would be in charge not only of building a partnership with the Soviets, but also of mission planning and of negotiating with North American Rockwell, the spacecraft contractor. According to the official history of the ASTP, Lunney's performance during Apollo 13 and during the Soviet negotiations had recommended him to Chris Kraft, who was by then director of Johnson Space Center.^[27] In 1973, Lunney became manager of the Apollo Spacecraft Program Office, a position which gave him responsibility for the Apollo spacecraft used during Skylab missions, as well giving him more authority in his role as head of the ASTP.^[28] is the 164th day of the year (165th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... For other uses, see Skylab (disambiguation). ...

The ASTP mission took place in July 1975. It was criticized by some journalists as a "costly space circus", who felt that it wasted NASA funds that could have been better spent on projects such as Skylab.^[29] However, Lunney supported the project, saying in a later interview that he did not believe the cooperation necessary to build the International Space Station would have been possible if ASTP had not laid the groundwork for it.^[30] For other uses, see Skylab (disambiguation). ... ISS redirects here. ...

Space Shuttle

After the ASTP mission was completed, Lunney became manager of the Shuttle Payload Integration and Development Program. During this period, it was anticipated that NASA's space shuttle fleet would be flying very frequent missions, and carrying commercial payloads as well as flying missions for government organizations such as the Department of Defense and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. The payload integration program was responsible for determining how the various demands of these customers could be satisfied, and how mixed payloads could best be physically accommodated within the cargo bay of the shuttle.^[31] During these years Lunney also spent time working at NASA Headquarters in Washington, D.C., as Deputy Associate Administrator for Space Flight and later as Acting Associate Administrator for Space Transportation Operations.^[4] The United States Department of Defense (DOD or DoD) is the federal department charged with coordinating and supervising all agencies and functions of the government relating directly to national security and the military. ... For the singer/songwriter, see Jon Peter Lewis. ... For other uses, see Washington, D.C. (disambiguation). ...

Glynn Lunney (far right) as manager of the Shuttle program, at a press conference with Chris Kraft and Gene Kranz in 1981

In 1981, Lunney became manager of the space shuttle program, a high-level position where Lunney found himself responsible for setting the agenda for the developing program. His responsibilities were broad ones; they included supervising program planning, budgeting and scheduling; systems engineering; and mission planning. During the earlier shuttle flights he was even involved in determining whether the weather was suitable for launch, but in later years that responsibility was largely devolved to lower levels of the hierarchy.^[32] Christopher Columbus Kraft, Jr. ... Gene Kranz in a more recent photo. ...

Many of his colleagues had expected Lunney to succeed his mentor, Chris Kraft, as director of Johnson Space Center; Neil Hutchinson, a fellow flight director, later commented that Lunney "was sort of the anointed one".^[33] However, when Kraft retired in 1982, former Apollo flight director Gerry Griffin was offered the position instead. Christopher Columbus Kraft, Jr. ... An aerial view of the complete Johnson Space Center facility in Houston, Texas in 1989. ...

In 1985, Lunney decided to leave NASA, feeling that the shuttle program had worn him out physically and mentally and that he was ready for a new type of challenge.^[34] Although he had retired from NASA the year before, he was called to testify before the U.S. House Committee on Science and Technology in the aftermath of the Challenger accident. While still manager of the shuttle program, he had signed the "Criticality 1" waiver that allowed Challenger to launch even though the joints of its solid rocket boosters had recently been redefined as non-redundant systems.^[35] His actions were not unusual in the context of NASA practice at the time, which allowed a "walk through" of such potentially controversial waivers if no debate was expected.^[36] For further information about Challengers mission and crew, see STS-51-L. The iconic image of Space Shuttle Challengers smoke plume after its breakup 73 seconds after launch. ... The Space Shuttle Solid Rocket Booster (SRB) is the rocket that provides 83% of liftoff thrust for the Space Shuttle. ...

Career at Rockwell

Upon leaving NASA in 1985, Lunney took a position at Rockwell International, the contractor responsible for the construction, operation and maintenance of the space shuttle. At first he worked in California, managing a Rockwell division that was building satellites for the Global Positioning System; this was his first experience with unmanned spacecraft.^[37] In 1990, he returned to Houston as President of the Rockwell Space Operations Company, which provided support for flight operations at Johnson Space Center and employed about 3000 people. For Lunney, this represented a return to his roots in mission operations, which he had left twenty years before.^[38] Rockwell International was the ultimate incarnation of a series of companies under the sphere of influence of Willard Rockwell, who had made his fortune after the invention and successful launch of a new bearing system for truck axles in 1919. ... GPS redirects here. ... An aerial view of the complete Johnson Space Center facility in Houston, Texas in 1989. ...

In 1995, Rockwell joined forces with its competitor Lockheed Martin to form the United Space Alliance, a jointly owned organization created to provide operations support for NASA, as well as to take over some of the functions previously performed by NASA employees. At this point, Lunney became Vice President and Program Manager of the United Space Alliance's spaceflight operations in Houston; he stayed in this position until his retirement in 1999.^[1] Lockheed/BAE/Northrop F-35 Lockheed Trident missile C-130 Hercules; in production since the 1950s, now as the C-130J Lockheed Martin (NYSE: LMT) is an aerospace manufacturer formed in 1995 by the merger of Lockheed Corporation with Martin Marietta. ... Headquartered in Houston, Texas, United Space Alliance (USA) is one of the world’s leading space operations companies. ...

Personal life

While at Lewis Research Center, Lunney met Marilyn Kurtz, who worked there as a nurse. They have been married since 1960 and have four children: Jennifer, Glynn, Jr., Shawn, and Bryan.^[3] Their youngest son Bryan has also pursued a career at NASA, becoming a flight director in 2001 and working missions including STS-115, STS-120 and STS-123. Aerial View of Glenn Research Center at Lewis Field The Glenn Research Center is a NASA center, located in Cleveland, Ohio between Cleveland Hopkins International Airport and the Rocky River Reservation (part of the Cleveland Metroparks). ... Bryan Lunney as flight director on STS-115. ... STS-115 was the first Space Shuttle assembly mission to the International Space Station after the Columbia disaster, following the two successful Return to Flight missions, STS-114 and STS-121. ... STS-120 is the current Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS), that launched on October 23, 2007. ... STS-123 is a planned Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) which will be flown by Space Shuttle Endeavour. ...

During his leisure hours, Lunney enjoys sailing; during the sixties the family owned a twenty-foot sailboat which they took out on Galveston Bay, and he occasionally dreamed of going with his wife and children on an ocean cruise lasting for months.^[3][16] In his retirement he has taken up golf, saying that "I have come to realize that golf will never be mastered, but will continue to be humbling."^[39] Galveston Bay is a large estuary located along Texass coastline. ...

Awards and honors

Lunney is a Fellow of the American Astronomical Society and of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. In 1971, he was awarded an honorary Doctorate from the University of Scranton. He has received many awards from NASA, including three Group Achievement Awards, two Exceptional Service Medals and three Distinguished Service Medals.^[4] The American Astronomical Society (AAS) is a US society of professional astronomers and other interested individuals, headquartered in Washington, DC. The main aim of the AAS is provide a political voice for its members and organise their lobbying. ... The American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA) is the scholarly society for the field of aerospace engineering. ... The University of Scranton is a private, co-educational Jesuit university, located in Scranton, Pennsylvania, in the northeast region of the state. ... The NASA Distinguished Service Medal is the second highest award which may be bestowed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, ranking immediately below the Congressional Space Medal of Honor. ...

In 2005, he received the National Space Trophy from the Rotary National Award for Space Achievement Foundation. The award is given to individuals who have made an outstanding and career-spanning contribution to America's space program. Previous winners have included Chris Kraft and Neil Armstrong.^[40] "Lunney's innovation and dedication to the U.S. space flight program", said the RNASA Advisor General, "has set a standard for current and future generations of space explorers. As a manager, he inspired his employees to do their best work and offered direction and encouragement to his team when challenges arose; as an explorer, he always looked toward the future and saw the endless possibilities and benefits of man's journey into space."^[1] Christopher Columbus Kraft, Jr. ... This article is about the former American astronaut. ...

In films

In the movie Apollo 13, Glynn Lunney was portrayed by Marc McClure. However, McClure had a relatively minor role. The author Charles Murray lamented the fact that Lunney was "barely visible in the movie", being overshadowed by the focus on Lunney's fellow flight director Gene Kranz. "Without slighting Kranz’s role", Murray commented, "the world should remember that it was Glynn Lunney ... who orchestrated a masterpiece of improvisation that moved the astronauts safely to the lunar module while sidestepping a dozen potential catastrophes that could have doomed them."^[41] Apollo 13 is a 1995 film portrayal of the ill-fated Apollo 13 lunar mission in 1970. ... Marc McClure (b. ... Charles Murray Charles Alan Murray (born 1943) is a controversial libertarian American political scientist. ... Gene Kranz in a more recent photo. ...

Lunney has been interviewed in numerous documentaries about the space program, including Apollo 13: To the Edge and Back (PBS), To the Moon (PBS) and Failure is Not an Option (History Channel). Not to be confused with Public Broadcasting Services in Malta. ... The History Channel is a cable television channel, dedicated to the presentation of historical events and persons, often with frequent observations and explanations by noted historians as well as reenactors and witnesses to events, if possible. ...

Footnotes

Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 259th day of the year (260th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 362nd day of the year (363rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 145th day of the year (146th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 300th day of the year (301st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

References

• Atwater, James. "The Men Who Control Our Missions to the Moon", Saturday Evening Post, December 28, 1968/January 11, 1969, pp. 34–36, 68, 70, 72. 

• "Apollo Ground Chief: Glynn Stephen Lunney", New York Times, October 23, 1968, pp. 24. 

• Behar, Michael. (October/November 2006). The Ground. Air and Space Magazine. Retrieved on 2006-08-10.

• Dyson, Marianne (2005). 2005 National Space Trophy Winner. Retrieved on 2006-10-27.

• Ezell, Edward Clinton; Linda Neuman Ezell (1978). The Partnership: A History of the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project. The NASA History Series, NASA SP-4209. NASA.

• "Glynn Stephen Lunney", New York Times, May 25, 1972, p. 14.

• Greene, Jay H. (PDF). NASA Johnson Space Center Oral History Project (November 10, 2004). Retrieved on 2006-07-11.

• Lunney, Glynn S. (PDF). NASA Johnson Space Center Oral History Project Biographical Data Sheet.

• Lunney, Glynn S. (PDF). NASA Johnson Space Center Oral Histories.

• Mattingly, Thomas K. (PDF). NASA Johnson Space Center Oral History Project (November 6, 2001). Retrieved on 2006-09-16.

• Murray, Charles; Catherine Bly Cox (1989). Apollo: The Race to the Moon. New York: Simon and Schuster. ISBN 0-671-61101-1. 

• Murray, Charles. "Hollywood Gets One Right", The American Enterprise, September/October 1995. 

• Rotary National Award for Space Achievement. Guidry News Service (February 15, 2005). Retrieved on 2006-09-16.

• Swanson, Glen, ed. (1999). "Before This Decade is Out....": Personal Reflections on the Apollo Program. Washington DC: NASA (SP-4223). 

• Vaughan, Diane. (1996) The Challenger Launch Decision: Risky Technology, Culture and Deviance at NASA. ISBN 0-226-85176-1

is the 296th day of the year (297th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 222nd day of the year (223rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 300th day of the year (301st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 145th day of the year (146th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 314th day of the year (315th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 192nd day of the year (193rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 310th day of the year (311th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the year. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 259th day of the year (260th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 259th day of the year (260th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

• Apollo 13: Apogee of the Crisis. www.apollostory.com. Retrieved on 2007-06-10. Audio of Lunney as flight director during the Apollo 13 crisis.

Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 161st day of the year (162nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Select publications

• Lunney, G. S. and K. C. Weston. (1959). “Heat-Transfer Measurements on an Air-Launched, Blunted Cone-Cylinder Rocket Vehicle to Mach 9.7.” NASA-TM X-84. Cleveland, Ohio: NASA Lewis Research Center.

• Lunney, G. S., L. C. Dunseith, and J. F. Dalby. (1960). “Project Mercury: Methods and Pertinent Data for Project Mercury Flight Computing Requirements.” NASA-TM-X-69335. Hampton, Virginia: NASA Langley Research Center.

• Lunney, G. S. (1964). “Launch-Phase Monitoring.” In Manned Spacecraft: Engineering Design and Operation. Ed. Paul E. Purser, Maxime A. Faget, and Norman F. Smith. New York: Fairchild Publications, Inc.

• Lunney, G.S. (1967). Summary of Gemini Rendezvous Experience (PDF). AIAA Paper 67–272. Cocoa Beach, Florida: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Flight Test, Simulation and Support Conference, 6–8 February 1967.

• Lunney, G.S. (1970). Discussion of Several Problem Areas During the Apollo 13 Operation (PDF). AIAA Paper 701260. Houston: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics 7th Annual Meeting and Technical Display, 19–22 October 1970.