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Encyclopedia > Goalkeeper
A football goalkeeper leaves the ground to parry a shot on goal
A football goalkeeper leaves the ground to parry a shot on goal

In many team sports, a goalkeeper (termed goaltender, netminder, goalie, or keeper in some sports) is a designated player that is charged with directly preventing the opposite team from scoring by defending the goal. Such positions exist in hurling, association football (soccer), Gaelic football, International Rules Football, handball, field hockey, netball, water polo, lacrosse, floorball and a number of other sports. In ice hockey he or she is referred to most commonly as a goaltender or "netminder". Image File history File links Soccer_goalkeeper. ... Image File history File links Soccer_goalkeeper. ... A goalkeeper. ... It has been suggested that this article be split into multiple articles accessible from a disambiguation page. ... For the Cornish sport, see Cornish Hurling. ... Football (soccer) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... Gaelic football (Irish: Peil or Caid ), commonly referred to as football, Gaelic or GAA (gah), is a form of football played mainly in Ireland. ... International Rules Football match at the Telstra Dome - Australia vs Ireland. ... Handball player leaps towards the goal prior to throwing the ball, while the goalkeeper extends himself trying to stop it. ... A game of field hockey in progress Field hockey is a popular sport for men and women in many countries around the world. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Water polo is a team water sport, which can be best described as a combination of swimming, handball and wrestling. ... The Dive Shot. Lacrosse is a team sport that is played with ten players (mens field), six players (mens box), or twelve players (womens field), each of whom uses a netted stick (the crosse) in order to pass and catch a hard rubber ball with the aim... A floorball match between powerhouses Sweden (yellow) and Finland (white) Floorball is an indoor team sport played using composite or carbon sticks with a plastic vented blade where the aim is to put a light plastic ball into the opponents goal. ... Ice hockey, known simply as hockey in areas where it is more common than field hockey, is a team sport played on ice. ... This article is about the goaltender in ice hockey. ...

Contents

Overview

Usually special rules apply to the goalkeeper that do not apply to the other players. These rules are often instituted to protect the goalkeeper, being an obvious target for dangerous or even violent actions. In addition, in certain sports like ice hockey, goalkeepers are required to wear special equipment like heavy pads and a face mask to protect their bodies from impact from the play object (e.g. a puck). In soccer goalkeepers wear gloves that are protective to the hand because the fingers can be bent back.


Examples

Football

Main article: Goalkeeper (football)
Youth-football goalkeeper
Youth-football goalkeeper

In association football (soccer), each team's goalkeeper defends his team's goal and has special privileges within the game. The goalkeeper's main job is to stop any penetration of the ball into the goal. A goalkeeper. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (2500x1666, 1552 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Goalkeeper ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (2500x1666, 1552 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Goalkeeper ... Football (soccer) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ...


The goalkeeper is the only player who may use his or her hands to play the ball (although only within the penalty area). The goalkeeper is required to wear a jersey with a color very unlike his/her or the other teams jersey color to avoid confusion for the referee. Goalkeepers often wear gloves to aid in catching the ball. The penalty area (colloquiallly also known as the 18-yard box, penalty box or simply the box), is an area of an association football field. ...


As the goalkeeper is usually the team's only player who can see the entire field, they often act as an organizer of the team when it is defending


Field hockey

In field hockey, the goalkeeper generally wears extensive protective equipment including helmet, face and neck guards, chest and leg padding, gloves, lower leg guards (known as pads) and shoe covers (known as kickers). Only the helmet is compulsory, as is a shirt of a different colour from any of the other players. He or she is also equipped with a stick; either one specified for goalies or one used for normal play. The goalkeeper is allowed to use any part of their body to deflect the ball, although they can't obstruct its play (for example by lying on top of it), and they can only do so within the goal circle (or "D"), and they are not permitted to pass their team's 23m line, with the exception of goalkeepers who take penalty strokes. A game of field hockey in progress Field hockey is a popular sport for men and women in many countries around the world. ...


Gaelic football

In Gaelic football, the goalies main task is to prevent a goal from being scored against their side by directly defending their goal. A goal occurs when the ball passes through the goal; the attacking team is awarded 3 points. The goalie is the only player who may handle the ball on the ground, and only inside the small rectangle. Gaelic football (Irish: Peil or Caid ), commonly referred to as football, Gaelic or GAA (gah), is a form of football played mainly in Ireland. ...


Hurling

In hurling, the goalkeeper's main task is to prevent a goal from being scored against their side by directly defending their goal. A goal occurs when the ball passes through the goal; the attacking team is awarded 3 points. The goalkeeper has no special rules pertaining to him, although he still wears a different colour jersey. For the Cornish sport, see Cornish Hurling. ...


Ice hockey

Main article: Goaltender

This article is about the goaltender in ice hockey. ...

International rules football

In International rules football, a hybrid game between Australian rules football (which does not have a goalkeeper) and Gaelic football, the goalkeeper's main task is to prevent a goal from being scored. A goal occurs when the ball comes off any part of an attacking player and passes through the goal; the attacking team is awarded 6 points. International Rules Football match at the Telstra Dome - Australia vs Ireland. ... High marking is a key skill and spectator attribute of Aussie Rules Precise field and goal kicking using the oval shaped ball is the key skill in Aussie Rules Football Australian rules football, also known as Australian football, Aussie rules, or simply football or footy is a code of football... Gaelic football (Irish: Peil or Caid ), commonly referred to as football, Gaelic or GAA (gah), is a form of football played mainly in Ireland. ...


Field and Box Lacrosse

In men's field lacrosse, once a goalkeeper makes a save and has control of the ball in his crosse (stick), he may only remain in possession of the ball inside the protective crease for four seconds (the length may depend on the level of play). Before the four seconds is up, the goalkeeper must either pass the ball or leave the crease. After leaving, he may not re-enter the crease with possession of the ball. The Dive Shot. Lacrosse is a team sport that is played with ten players (mens field), six players (mens box), or twelve players (womens field), each of whom uses a netted stick (the crosse) in order to pass and catch a hard rubber ball with the aim...


While inside the crease (nine feet in diameter), offensive players may not make contact with the goalie or his stick. Doing so is declared "interference with the goalie" and is penalized by a free clear to the half field line. (There is a significant difference between NCAA/MLL rules and international rules regarding a pass while the goalkeeper is inside the crease: under NCAA/MLL rules, contact with a goalie's stick while in the act of passing -- even after the ball is released -- is prohibited and considered interference. Under international rules, protection ends when possession ends. Therefore, contact with a goalie's stick after the ball is released, is legal.) In addition, a goalie is allowed to make contact with the ball with his hand, although he is not allowed to control it or pick it up.


In women's lacrosse, once a goalkeeper makes a save and has control of the ball in her crosse, she may remain in possession of the ball inside the crease for ten seconds. The interference rule is similar to men's lacrosse; unlike in the men's game, a woman goalkeeper is allowed to control or even pick up the ball in her hand. A womens lacrosse player carries the ball past a defender. ...


In both men's and women's lacrosse, goalkeepers are required to wear a helmet and 4-point chinstrap, a throat protector, gloves, and a chest protector. Use of a protective cup is, for obvious reasons, required in the men's game; thigh pads and shinguards are also being required for women goalkeepers as of 2007. Many goalkeepers elect to wear optional protective equipment, including elbow and shoulder pads, thigh pads and shin guards, and long sweat pants.


Interestingly, in international competition, American and Canadian goalkeepers seem to only wear a minimum of protective equipment, while European goalkeepers "bundle up". Asian and Australian goalkeepers tend to split the difference. Humorously, Canadian Chris Sanderson, starting goalie for the Canadian team in the 1998 and 2002 World Games, plays with a "bullseye" target painted onto his chest protector.

Box Lacrosse goaltender with wooden stick
Box Lacrosse goaltender with wooden stick

In Box Lacrosse, a goaltender is typically more heavily armored than a field lacrosse goaltender and plays with a net that is four feet tall and four feet wide, except in the National Lacrosse League and Major Series Lacrosse where the nets are the same height but four and a half feet wide. The crease rules are relatively the same, except that the punishments for different infractions include a change of possession, resetting of the time-clock, or a possible two minute penalty depending on the infraction. Box lacrosse goaltenders are known for their massive upper body gear, large shin guards known as "irons", and ice hockey-style helmets. Also, below the professional level, box lacrosse goaltenders are often seen using traditional wooden sticks. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Victoria Shamrocks vs Peterborough Lakers, Mann Cup 2005. ... Victoria Shamrocks vs Peterborough Lakers, Mann Cup 2005. ... NLL redirects here. ... Major Series Lacrosse (MSL) is a Senior A box lacrosse league based out of Ontario, Canada sanctioned by the Ontario Lacrosse Association. ... Ice hockey, known simply as hockey in areas where it is more common than field hockey, is a team sport played on ice. ...


The box lacrosse goaltender is allowed to play in any area of the playing surface and is not confined to any zone. It is not uncommon to see a box lacrosse goaltender run up and join the play in the offensive zone on a slow whistle. Goaltenders in box lacrosse are known to score goals for their team, usually in powerplay or slow whistle situations. Also, due to the unique lack of offsides rules in box lacrosse, it is not unheard of to see a goaltender lead his team in scoring on game sheets through mulitple assists, usually through long passes to teammates that are attempting to breakaway on unsuspecting defenders. Box lacrosse goaltenders are also encouraged to be aggressive stick checkers around the ball and ferocious cross-checkers when needed (cross-checking is legal in lacrosse). If a goaltender leaves the crease with posession of the ball, opponents are allowed to cross-check the goaltender as long as there is no attempt to injure. In ice hockey, a slow whistle is when an official waits to blow his whistle, usually due to a delayed offside or delayed penalty call. ... A Powerplay is a new rule concerning fielding restrictions in one-day international (ODI) cricket. ... In ice hockey, a slow whistle is when an official waits to blow his whistle, usually due to a delayed offside or delayed penalty call. ... Offside, off-side or off side can mean: The offside rule that occurs in a number of field sports including most versions of football (see offside law (football)), ice hockey (see offside (hockey)) and, until recently, in field hockey. ... See also: Assist (sports) ASSIST (the Assembler System for Student Instruction and Systems Teaching) is an IBM System/370-compatible assembler and interpreter developed in the 1970s at Penn State University by John Mashey. ... Breakaway may refer to: A 1920s dance style: breakaway (dance) A breakaway in a road bicycle race is when a group of riders detach themselves from the front of the peloton. ... Checking in ice hockey is the act of physically keeping an opposing player in check. ... Checking in ice hockey is the act of physically keeping an opposing player in check. ...


Netball

A netball goalkeeper is one of two players who are permitted to remain within their defensive shooting third, and is restricted to the defensive third of the court. This article does not cite any references or sources. ...


Water polo

Goalie eggbeatering up to block a shot.
Goalie eggbeatering up to block a shot.

Goalkeepers in water polo are granted three special privileges when inside the four metre area: Image File history File links Water_Polo_Eggbeater. ... Image File history File links Water_Polo_Eggbeater. ... Water polo is a team water sport, which can be best described as a combination of swimming, handball and wrestling. ...

  • The ability to touch the ball with two hands.
  • The ability to touch the floor of the pool.
  • The ability to strike the ball with a clenched fist.

However, they have one limitation that field players do not have: they may not cross the half-distance line.


Rule change in 2006:


The four and seven meter lines were merged to a five meter line. A goalie may now under revised rules:

  • Use two hands until the 5m line
  • Use the bottom until the 5m line
  • Go beyond the 5m line according to the field rules (one hand, no bottom) and not pass the half line.
  • Strike the ball with a clenched fist (not recommended)

New cap rules:

  • A goalie cap must now be in quarters alternating red/dark for home and red/white for away
  • The goalie must be number 1, 1a, or 1b
  • For females: a red swim cap must be worn under the goalie cap, a team's dark swim cap is no longer acceptable as it is hard to distinguish a goalie from field players if official cap is off.

These revisions are according to the NFHS 2006-2007 swimming/diving and water polo rulebook. USWP and NCAA rules may vary slightly.


External links


  Results from FactBites:
 
JB Goalkeeping - Introduction (908 words)
The soccer goalkeeper is one of the most important players on the field - they are the last line of defense and the first line of attack.
Soccer goalkeeping technique is focused on the mechanics of catching the ball, or at least deflecting it around the goal.
Finally, remember the goalkeeper is the last line of defense and the first line of attack - a keeper has to know the best way to get the ball to their teammates after the save has been made.
NHL.com - Rulebook (769 words)
A goalkeeper shall not be sent to the penalty bench for an offense which incurs a minor penalty, but instead, the minor penalty shall be served by another member of his Team who was on the ice when the offense was committed.
A goalkeeper shall not be sent to the penalty bench for an offense which incurs a major penalty, but instead, the major penalty shall be served by another member of his Team who was on the ice when the offense was committed.
Should a goalkeeper incur three major penalties in one game, in accordance with Rule 27(b) -- Major Penalties, he shall be ruled off the ice for the balance of the playing time and his place shall be taken by a member of his own club, or by a regular substitute goalkeeper who is available.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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