The Goebbels family on October 29, 1942: (back row) Hilde, Harald Quandt and Helga; (front row) Helmut, Holde, Magda, Heide, Joseph and Hedda.

Magda and Joseph Goebbels had six children. Some writers have claimed that their names all began with "H" as a tribute to Adolf Hitler, but there is no evidence to support this, and Magda's mother Auguste Behrend claimed that after the birth of Harald (Magda's first child from an earlier marriage to Günther Quandt) and Helga, the family made an innocent hobby of searching for new baby names beginning with "H" for each successive child.^[1] Goebbels and his family This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... Goebbels and his family This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... Harald Quandt, Magda Goebbels son by her first marriage is seen in uniform in the back row. ... Johanna Maria Magdalena Goebbels, (November 11, 1901 – May 1, 1945) was the wife of Nazi Germanys Propaganda Minister Joseph Goebbels. ... Paul Joseph Goebbels (German pronunciation: IPA: ) (29 October 1897 – 1 May 1945) was a German politician and Minister for Public Enlightenment and Propaganda during the National Socialist regime from 1933 to 1945. ... Johanna Maria Magdalena Goebbels, (November 11, 1901 – May 1, 1945) was the wife of Nazi Germanys Propaganda Minister Joseph Goebbels. ... Paul Joseph Goebbels (German pronunciation: IPA: ) (29 October 1897 – 1 May 1945) was a German politician and Minister for Public Enlightenment and Propaganda during the National Socialist regime from 1933 to 1945. ... Hitler redirects here. ... Günther Quandt (28 July, 1881 - 30 December, 1954) was an German industrialist who founded an industrial empire that today includes BMW, Altana (pharmaceuticals) and Varta (batteries). ... The most popular given names vary nationally, regionally, and culturally. ...

Children

Harald

Main article: Harald Quandt

Magda married Günther Quandt in 1921 and ten months later Harald Quandt was born to the couple. Magda and Günther Quandt's marriage ended in divorce in 1929 and in 1931 Magda married Joseph Goebbels (Adolf Hitler was witness). Harald Quandt, Magda Goebbels son by her first marriage is seen in uniform in the back row. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Günther Quandt (28 July, 1881 - 30 December, 1954) was an German industrialist who founded an industrial empire that today includes BMW, Altana (pharmaceuticals) and Varta (batteries). ... Harald Quandt, Magda Goebbels son by her first marriage is seen in uniform in the back row. ...

Harald not only attended his mother's wedding to Goebbels, but also formed quite an attachment with him, sometimes accompanying him to gatherings, standing on the platform near to "Uncle Josef" wearing his Hitler Youth uniform^[2]. After his appointment as Minister, Goebbels demanded that Harald's father release Magda from her obligation, under their divorce settlement, to send Harald to live with him in the event of her remarriage^[3].

He would later serve as a Lieutenant in the Luftwaffe, was the only family member to survive the war and became a leading West German industrialist during the 1950s and 1960s. Lieutenant is a military, naval, paramilitary, fire service or police officer rank. ... The Deutsche Luftwaffe or   (German: air force, literally Air Weapon IPA: ) is the commonly used term for the German air force. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Business magnate. ...

Harald died in 1967, when his personal aircraft crashed over Italy. He was survived by five children.

Helga Susanne

Helga with Hitler.

Born September 1, 1932, Joseph was proud of his eldest daughter and would go straight to her cot as soon as he returned from his office, to take her on his lap. She was reported to be a lovely baby which never cried and just sat listening uncomprehendingly to the Nazi bigwigs with "her blue eyes sparkling". It was not unusual for Hitler, who was fond of children, to take her on to his own lap while he talked late into the night^[2]. Image File history File links Helga. ... Image File history File links Helga. ... Image File history File links Helga-Adolf. ... Image File history File links Helga-Adolf. ... September 1 is the 244th day of the year (245th in leap years). ... Year 1932 (MCMXXXII) was a leap year starting on Friday (the link will display full 1932 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

She was photographed with Hilde presenting Hitler with flowers on his birthday April 20 1936. ^[4]

Helga was 12 years old when she died^[5]. Bruises found on her arms postmortem led to wide speculation that she had struggled against receiving (according to most accounts) an injection of morphine, which was used to quickly sedate the children before they were apparently killed with cyanide capsules.
Morphine (INN) (IPA: ) is a highly potent opiate analgesic drug and is the principal active agent in opium and the prototypical opiate. ...

Hildegard Traudel

1937 Frühjahrsregatta.

Born April 13, 1934, Hildegard was commonly called "Hilde". In a 1939 diary entry, Joseph referred to her as "a little mouse". Image File history File links Hilde. ... Image File history File links Hilde. ... Image File history File links Goebbels-Frujahrs. ... Image File history File links Goebbels-Frujahrs. ... is the 103rd day of the year (104th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1934 (MCMXXXIV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display full 1934 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Hilde was eleven years old at the time of her death^[5].

Helmut Christian

Helmut (far left) at Adlerhof.

Born October 2, 1935, Helmut was considered sensitive and something of a dreamer^[6]. When his teacher at the Lanke primary school reported, to his father's dismay, that his promotion to a higher form was doubtful, he responded so well to intense tuition from his mother, and his Governess that he not only achieved promotion, but also excellent marks.^[6] He wore braces on his teeth. Image File history File links Helmut. ... Image File history File links Helmut. ... Image File history File links Helmut-Goebbels. ... Image File history File links Helmut-Goebbels. ... October 2 is the 275th day of the year (276th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1935 (MCMXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar). ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ...

On April 26 1945, Helmut read aloud his father's birthday speech to Hitler, and responded to Helga's protests that he was copying their father, by arguing impertinently that no, Joseph had copied him.^[7] is the 116th day of the year (117th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Traudl Junge, relates that, upon hearing Hitler's gunshot, Helmut shouted "That was a direct hit!" mistaking it for the sound of a mortar landing near the Führerbunker. Traudl Junge just after World War II. Traudl Junge (born Gertraud Humps; 16 March 1920 – 10 February 2002) was Adolf Hitlers youngest personal private secretary, from December 1942 to April 1945. ... US soldier loading a M224 60-mm mortar. ...

Helmut was nine years old at the time of his death^[5].

Holdine Kathrin

Born prematurely, February 19, 1937, it is claimed that Holde got her name when the Doctor who delivered her, Stoeckel, bent over her and exclaimed "Das ist eine Holde!" ("that's a pretty one!")^[8] Meissner claims that Holde was the "least lively" of the children and was somewhat "pushed aside" by the others to her considerable distress. He claims Goebbels responded to this by making her something of a favorite, to which she responded with devotion.^[9] Image File history File links Holde. ... Image File history File links Holde. ... is the 50th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1937 (MCMXXXVII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ...

She was eight years old at the time of her death^[5].

Hedwig Johanna

Born May 1, 1938, she was commonly called "Hedda". She had insisted, in 1944, that when she grew up she was going to marry SS Adjutant Günther Schwägermann, having been captivated by the fact he had a fake eye. Image File history File links Hedwig. ... Image File history File links Hedwig. ... is the 121st day of the year (122nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1938 (MCMXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... SS or ss or Ss may be: The Schutzstaffel, a Nazi paramilitary force Steamship (SS) (ship prefix) The United States Secret Service A submarine not powered by nuclear energy (SS) (United States Navy designator), see SSN A Soviet/Russian surface-to-surface missile, as listed by NATO reporting name Shortstop... Günther Schwägermann was born on 24 July 1915 in Uelzen and served in the Nazi government of German dictator Adolf Hitler. ...

The children were killed on the eve of Hedwig's seventh birthday^[5].

Heidrun Elisabeth

Born October 20, 1940, "Heide" was four years old at the time of her death^[5]. Heide coat of arms This image depicts a seal, an emblem, a coat of arms or a crest. ... Heide coat of arms This image depicts a seal, an emblem, a coat of arms or a crest. ... October 20 is the 293rd day of the year (294th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ...

Temperaments

Magda once described the temperaments of five of her children to her sister-in-law Eleanore (Ello) Quandt by describing how each would react to learning they had been deceived by their spouse^[9]:

• Helga- Would seize a revolver and shoot the unfaithful husband out of hand, or at least try to.
• Hilde- Would collapse altogether, sobbing and weeping, but would soon appear to be reconciled if her husband expressed remorse and swore to be faithful in future.
• Helmut- Would never believe that his wife would deceive him
• Holde- Would never quite get over the infidelity, but would be too proud to reproach her husband. Finally, through the breach of confidence on the part of her husband she would go to pieces altogether.
• Hedda- On the other hand, would give a peal of laughter and say "Come here you rascal and give me a kiss"

Family Life

In 1934, in search of privacy for himself and his family, Joseph bought Schwanenwerder, an imposing house in its own grounds on a peninsula on Lake Havel. He also bought a motor Yacht Baldur for use on the lake. Harald had his own nursery on the first floor while Helga and Hilde shared another. The children not only had ponies, but also a little carriage to ride around the gardens in. Two years later he purchased a neighboring property and extended the park and include a private "citadel" as his own personal retreat^[9].

Later, the City of Berlin placed a second lakeside house at his disposal, a small castle, Lanke am Bogensee, as an official residence, which was only really large enough for the family to use as a weekened retreat. Though later Joseph added a large modern house on the opposite shore of the Bogensee^[9].

When the Goebbels marriage reached crisis point in the summer of 1938, over Goebbels´ affair with Czech actress Lída Baarová, Hitler himself intervened and negotiated an agreement whereby the actress would be banished and the couple would keep up public appearances for a year subject to any reasonable conditions Magda might make. One of her conditions was that Joseph would only be able to visit Schwanenwerder and see the children with her expressed permission. If, after that year, Magda still wanted a divorce, Hitler would allow it, with Joseph as the guilty party, and she would retain Schwanenwerder, custody of the children, and a considerable income.^[10] Lída Baarová (1914-2000). ...

Joseph abided scrupulously by the agreement, always calling for permission before visiting and expressing his regret at missing Magda if she was not there, or taking his place, amiably, with his family at the tea table, if she was. It is claimed that the children at no time seemed to be aware that their parents were living separately at this time.^[10]

In the media

In 1937, Helga and Hilde were photographed with their father at the Berlin Frühjahrsregatta^[11].

The public reconciliation agreement, in August 1938, was cemented by the appearance of Helga, Hilde and Helmut, with their parents, in front of the cameras of UFA, as a cinematic image of domestic reconciliation^[12].

In 1939 Joseph used a concealed camera to film his children as "healthy" contrast to the handicapped children in a propaganda film intended to promote the euthanasia of handicapped children^[12]. This poster reads: 60,000 Reichsmarks is what this person suffering from hereditary defects costs the community during his lifetime. ...

During 1942 the children appeared 34 times in the weekly newsreels, going about their lives, helping their mother, playing in the garden or singing to their father on his 45th bithday^[12], that October, when Joseph was presented with a film of his children playing as a gift from the German Newsreel Company^[13].

On February 18, 1943, Helga and Hildegard were photographed along with Magda at one of Joseph's best-known events, the Total War speech^[4]. February 18 is the 49th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1943 (MCMXLIII) was a common year starting on Friday (the link will display full 1943 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Joseph Goebbels The Sportpalast or total war speech (German: Sportpalastrede) was a speech delivered by Propagandaminister (Propaganda Minister) Joseph Goebbels at the Berlin Sportpalast to a large but carefully-selected audience on 18 February 1943, as the tide of World War II was turning against Nazi Germany. ...

Towards the end of 1944, Joseph sent Magda and his two eldest daughters into a Military Hospital to be filmed for the weekly newsreels but abandoned the project on realising that the terrible injuries of the soldiers were too traumatic for his daughters.^[12]

The last days

Floorplan of Führerbunker wing.

As the Red Army moved closer at the end of January, 1945, Joseph ordered the removal of his family from the Lanke Castle estate to the relative safety of Schwanenwerder. From where the children could soon hear the rumble of artillery in the east and wonder why not rain ever followed the "thunder"^[6] Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (464x1276, 68 KB) Excerpt from original image by User:Dna-webmaster, available at Image:Reichskanzlei-Vorbunker. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (464x1276, 68 KB) Excerpt from original image by User:Dna-webmaster, available at Image:Reichskanzlei-Vorbunker. ...

By April 22, 1945, the Red Army was entering Berlin and the Goebbels brought their children to the Führerbunker where Adolf Hitler and a few personnel were also staying to direct the final defence of Berlin. Red Cross leader Karl Gebhardt approached Joseph about taking the children out of the city with him, but was dismissed.^{[citation needed]} is the 112th day of the year (113th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar). ... For other organizations known as the Red Army, see Red Army (disambiguation). ... This article is about the capital of Germany. ... This is a reconstruction of the layout of the Führerbunker. ... Hitler redirects here. ... Combatants Soviet Union Communist Poland Nazi Germany Commanders 1st Belorussian Front – Georgiy Zhukov 2nd Belorussian Front – Konstantin Rokossovskiy 1st Ukrainian Front – Ivan Konev Army Group Vistula – Gotthard Heinrici then Kurt von Tippelskirch[2] Army Group Centre – Ferdinand Schörner Berlin Defense Area – Helmuth Reymann then Helmuth Weidling #[3] Strength 2... The Anarchist Black Cross was originally called the Anarchist Red Cross. The band Redd Kross was originally called Red Cross. This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Karl Gebhardt (November 23, 1897 in Haag – June 2, 1948 in Landsberg am Lech) was a German medical doctor; personal physician of Heinrich Himmler and one of the main coordinators and perpetrators of surgical experiments performed on inmates of the concentration camps at Ravensbrück and Auschwitz. ...

General Bernd Freytag von Loringhoven later described the children as "sad" but Erna Flegel, with whom they had much contact in the bunker, characterised them as "charming" and "absolutely delightful"^[14] as did their young governess "Frau K"^[6]. Bernd Baron Freytag von Loringhoven (born 1914 in Arensburg/Kuressaare, Estonia) is a Baltic-German former General and deputy head of German Bundeswehr. ... Erna Flegel (born July 11, [1911] in Kiel, died February 16, [2006] in Mölln]) was a German nurse. ...

Hitler was very fond of the children, and even in the last week of his life still took great pleasure in sharing chocolate with them as well as giving them the use of his bathroom ^[15].

They are reported to have played with Hitler's dog Blondi during their time in the Führerbunker^[16], where they slept in a single room. While many reports suggest there were three separate bunk beds, secretary Traudl Junge insisted there were only two. The children are said to have sung in unison while in the bunker, performing for both Hitler and the injured Robert Ritter von Greim, as well as having been conducted in play-song by pilot Hanna Reitsch. Junge said that she was with the children on April 30 when Hitler and Eva Braun killed themselves. Adolf Hitler Adolf Hitler (April 20, 1889 – April 30, 1945, standard German pronunciation in the IPA) was the Führer (leader) of the National Socialist German Workers Party (Nazi Party) and of Nazi Germany from 1933 to 1945. ... Hitler and his dog Blondi on the terrace of the Berghof Blondi (1934 – April 29, 1945) was the name of Adolf Hitlers German Shepherd dog. ... This is a reconstruction of the layout of the Führerbunker. ... A Bunkbed A bunk bed is a type of bed in which one bed is stacked on top of another. ... Traudl Junge just after World War II. Traudl Junge (born Gertraud Humps; 16 March 1920 – 10 February 2002) was Adolf Hitlers youngest personal private secretary, from December 1942 to April 1945. ... For other uses, see Unison (disambiguation). ... Robert Ritter von Greim Robert Ritter von Greim or Robert Greim (June 22, 1892 - May 24, 1945) was a German pilot and army officer. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... is the 120th day of the year (121st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ...

Death

Stories of brutality and rape by the advancing Soviet troops were circulating in Berlin, and there was much discussion in the Führerbunker about suicide as a means to escape humiliation or punishment from the Soviets. Soviet redirects here. ...

Joseph's last testament, appended to Hitler's, claimed that his wife and children supported him in his refusal to leave Berlin qualifying this by asserting that the children would support the decision if they were old enough to speak for themselves^[16]. Both pilot Hanna Reitsch (who had left the bunker on April 29) and Junge (who would leave on May 1) carried letters to the outside world from those remaining. Included was a letter from Magda to Harald who was in an Allied POW camp^[16]. This article does not cite any references or sources. ... is the 119th day of the year (120th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 121st day of the year (122nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... A Prisoner-of-war camp is a site for the containment of persons captured by the enemy in time of war. ...

The following day, on May 1, 1945, the Goebbels' six children were allegedly drugged with morphine and killed with cyanide capsules broken in their mouths. Accounts differ over how involved Magda was with the killing of her children. The children were reportedly told they would be leaving for Berchtesgaden in the morning and Ludwig Stumpfegger (or possibly Helmut Kunz) was said to have provided Magda with morphine to sedate the children. Erna Flegel claims that Magda reassured the children about the morphine by telling them that they needed inoculations because they would be staying in the bunker for a long time^[15]. Erich Kempka reported after the war that he believed the children had been "taken away by a nurse" that day, just before he left the bunker^[17]. Some witnesses claimed SS doctor Ludwig Stumpfegger crushed the cyanide capsules into the children's mouths, but as no witnesses to the event survived it is impossible to know. O'Donnell^[18] concluded that although Stumpfegger was probably involved in drugging the children, it was Magda who killed them. He suggested that witnesses blamed the deaths on Stumpfegger because he was a convenient target, having disappeared (and died, it was later learned) the following day. Moreover, as O'Donnell recorded, Stumpfegger may have been too intoxicated at the time of the deaths to have played a reliable role. is the 121st day of the year (122nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar). ... Morphine (INN) (IPA: ) is a highly potent opiate analgesic drug and is the principal active agent in opium and the prototypical opiate. ... The cyanide ion, CN−. From the top: 1. ... Berchtesgaden is a town in the German Bavarian Alps. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Helmut Kunz was an SS doctor who, after the suicide of Adolf Hitler, was ordered to kill the six children of Joseph Goebbels. ... Morphine (INN) (IPA: ) is a highly potent opiate analgesic drug and is the principal active agent in opium and the prototypical opiate. ... Erich Kempka SS-Obersturmbannführer Erich Kempka (16 September 1910–24 January 1975) served as the chauffeur of Adolf Hitler from 1934, while serving as member #2803 of the Allgemeine-SS. Born in Oberhausen to a miner with ten children, Kempka worked as a mechanic for DKW when he initially... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...

Meissner claims that Stumpfegger refused to take any part in the deaths of the children, and that a mysterious "country Doctor from the enemy occupied eastern region" appeared and "carried out the fearful task" before disappearing again ^[16] , but this explanation may owe more to Meissner's characteristic diplomacy and consideration than any reality.

Magda appears to have contemplated and talked about killing her children at least a month in advance. After the war, Günther Quandt's sister-in-law Eleanore recalled Magda saying she did not want her children to grow up hearing their father had been one of the century's foremost criminals and that reincarnation might grant her children a better future life^[19]. Reitsch, who stayed in the bunker after flying von Greim to meet Hitler, said Magda asked her in the last days to help ensure she did not back away from killing the children if it came to that. Reincarnation, literally to be made flesh again, is a doctrine or mystical belief that some essential part of a living being (in some variations only human beings) survives death to be reborn in a new body. ...

She also refused several offers from others, such as Albert Speer, to spirit the children out of Berlin. There was evidence (in the form of bruises) that the eldest child, twelve year old Helga, had awakened and struggled before she was killed. The children's bodies, in nightclothes, with ribbons tied in the girls hair, were found in the two-tiered bunk beds where they were killed, when Russian troops entered the bunker a day later. Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer, commonly known as Albert Speer ( ; March 19, 1905 – September 1, 1981), was an architect, author and high-ranking Nazi German government official, sometimes called the first architect of the Third Reich. His two bestselling autobiographical works, detailing his often close personal relationship with German dictator...

Aftermath

The bodies of the five girls.

Helmut and Magda's bodies.

On May 3, 1945, the day after Russian troops led by Lt. Col. Ivan Klimenko had discovered the burned bodies of their parents in the courtyard above, they found the bodies of the six children in their beds, dressed in their nightgowns, the girls wearing bows in their hair^[20]. Image File history File links 5-dead-goebbels. ... Image File history File links 5-dead-goebbels. ... Image File history File links Bscap007. ... Image File history File links Bscap007. ... is the 123rd day of the year (124th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar). ...

Vice Admiral Hans Voss was brought to the bombed out Chancellery garden to identify the bodies, as was Hans Fritsche, a leading German radio commentator who had answered directly to Goebbels, the following day. Their bodies were brought to the Buchau Cemetary in Berlin for autopsy and inquest by Russian Doctors. In spite of repeated attempts, even Frau Behrend, the children's Grandmother, never learned what became of the bodies. Reputedly, in 1970, the remains of the six children, as well as those of Joseph, Magda, Hitler and Braun were burned and scattered in the Elbe River by the Soviets.^[16]. Hans-Erich Voss in Soviet captivity Vice-Admiral Hans-Erich Voss (or Voß, see ß) (1897-1969) German naval officer, was among the last people to see Adolf Hitler and Joseph Goebbels alive. ... The Elbe River (Czech Labe, Sorbian/Lusatian Łobjo, Polish Łaba, German Elbe) is one of the major waterways of central Europe. ...

Voss identifying the children.

Voss at the site.

Vintage footage of the children was used in the film Eye of the Dictator (1988), compiled from Nazi era footage. Image File history File links Voss-called-to-identify. ... Image File history File links Voss-called-to-identify. ... Image File history File links VOss-Goebbels. ... Image File history File links VOss-Goebbels. ...

In 1990, after the fall of the Berlin Wall, historians and journalists were allowed to enter the Fuhrerbunker before its demolition - and it was reported that the children's room and its furnishings was still perfectly intact^[21]
East German construction workers building the Berlin Wall, November 20, 1961. ...

Gallery

Image File history File links Goebbels-Family-pic. ... Image File history File linksMetadata GoebbelsWithChildren. ... Image File history File links Goebbels_and_Family. ... Image File history File links Goebbels_Family_Portrait. ... Image File history File links Magda-readings. ... Image File history File links GoebbelsFamilyWithHitler. ...

In popular culture

The 1997 historical fiction book The Karnau Tapes by German author Marcel Beyer was told from the point of view of Helga Susanne and the fictitious Hermann Karnau. Marcel Beyer (born 23 November 1965 in Tailfingen, Württemberg) is a German writer. ...

In the 2004 film Der Untergang, Der Untergang (2004; international English title Downfall) is a German film depicting the final days of Adolf Hitler and Nazi Germany in 1945. ...

• Helga Susanne was played by Aline Sokar
• Hildegard Traudel was played by Charlotte Stoiber
• Helmut Christian was played by Gregory Borlein
• Hedwig Johanna was played by Julia Bauer
• Holdine Kathrin was played by Laura Borlein
• Heidrun Elisabeth was played by Amelie Menges

Aline Sokar(b. ...

External links

• A short film about the Goebbels family (showing home movie footage of the children, followed by Russian footage of the corpses of Goebbels and the children (from the BBC & various sources via Youtube))
• Home movies of Magda and her children, summer 1942
• Trimph of the Will clips with children

References

1. ^ Behrend, Auguste. "My daughter Magda Goebbels", Schwaebische Illustrierte, 26 April 1952
2. ^ ^{a b} Meissner, Hans Otto, Magda Goebbels, First Lady of the Third Reich, pp.95 - pp.105
3. ^ Meissner, Hans Otto, Magda Goebbels, First Lady of the Third Reich, pp.125
4. ^ ^{a b} Klabunde, Anja, Magda Goebbels, illustrations between pp182 and pp183
5. ^ ^{a b c d e f} Meissner, Hans Otto, Magda Goebbels, First Lady of the Third Reich, Illustrations between pp.240 - pp.241
6. ^ ^{a b c d} Meissner, Hans Otto, Magda Goebbels, First Lady of the Third Reich, pp.242 - pp.249
7. ^ Galante, Pierre and Eugene Silianoff. Voices from the Bunker, 1989
8. ^ Klabunde, Anja, Magda Goebbels
9. ^ ^{a b c d} Meissner, Hans Otto, Magda Goebbels, First Lady of the Third Reich, pp.134 - pp.144
10. ^ ^{a b} Meissner, Hans Otto, Magda Goebbels, First Lady of the Third Reich, pp.195- pp.205
11. ^ Photo, Helga, Hilde and Goebbels, 1937 Berlin Frühjahrsregatta
12. ^ ^{a b c d} Joseph Goebbels: Bio Nationalsozialismus.de Rechercheportal für Schule, Studium und Wissenschaft
13. ^ Home movies of Magda and her children, summer 1942(The original title is Josef's birthday, "To 29 October, 1942")
14. ^ Harding, Luke, Interview: Erna Flegel, Guardian Unlimited May 2, 2005
15. ^ ^{a b} Statement of Erna Flegel RN. Red Cross Nurse from the training school "Markisches Haus" Scharnhorststrasse 3, Born 1911. Made to the CIA 23 November 1945
16. ^ ^{a b c d e} Meissner, Hans Otto, Magda Goebbels, First Lady of the Third Reich, pp.260 - pp.271
17. ^ Testimony of AIr. Erich Kempka on the last days of Hitler, Berchtesgaden, 20th June, 1945
18. ^ O'Donnell, J, P, Bunker
19. ^ Meissner, Hans Otto, Magda Goebbels, First Lady of the Third Reich, pp.242
20. ^ Gott, Richard, The Child Killer News Statesman 6 May, 2002
21. ^ Exploring Berlin's Underground, Travel Intelligence Website