The Golden Age of American animation is a period in American animation history that began with the advent of sound cartoons in 1928 and lasted into the 1960s when theatrical animated shorts slowly began losing to the new medium of television animation. Many of the most memorable characters emerged from this period including Mickey Mouse, Donald Duck, Goofy, Bugs Bunny, Daffy Duck, Porky Pig, Droopy Dog, Popeye, Betty Boop, Woody Woodpecker, Tom and Jerry, Pink Panther and Mr. Magoo. An animated cartoon is a moving picture generated by photographing drawings frame-by-frame, as opposed to a normal movie, which is produced by shooting 24 frames a second of actual moving persons or objects. ... 1928 (MCMXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... The 1960s decade refers to the years from 1960 to 1969, inclusive. ... Mickey Mouse Mickey Mouse is a comic animal cartoon character who has become a symbol for The Walt Disney Company. ... Donald Duck Donald Duck is an animated cartoon and comic-book character from Walt Disney Productions. ... Goofy Goofy is a fictional character from the Walt Disneys Mickey Mouse universe. ... Bugs Bunny, as seen in the Looney Tunes short Rabbit Transit. ... Daffy Duck in Duck Amuck. ... Porky Pig, as seen delivering his signature closing line at the end of a Looney Tunes short. ... Droopy Dog in Señor Droopy. ... A Popeye comic book cover shows Popeye, with his characteristic corncob pipe and single good eye, and his girlfriend Olive Oyl. ... Betty Boop from the opening title sequence of the earliest entries in the Betty Boop Cartoons series. ... Woody Woodpecker in the 1948 short Wacky-Bye Baby, directed by Dick Lundy. ... Tom & Jerry title card from the 1940s Tom and Jerry were an animated cat (Tom) and mouse (Jerry) team who formed the basis of a massively successful series of theatrical short cartoons created, written, and directed by animators William Hanna and Joseph Barbera (later of Hanna-Barbera fame), and produced... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Mr. ...

The history of film animation begins with the earliest days of silent film and continues through the present day. ... Felix the Cat in Felix Woos Whoopee (1930). ... From the big screen to the small screen Cartoons didnt used to be just for kids. ... This article describes the history of animation in the United States of America from the late 1980s to the start of the 21st century. ...

The early years

Closing title used on the earliest of Walt Disney's Mickey Mouse shorts

The motion picture industry had been shaken to its roots with the introduction of sound film in 1927, and two years later a similar revolution took place in the field of animation. Walt Disney took what was seen as an enormous financial gamble, and he produced the first cartoon with a fully synchronized soundtrack: Steamboat Willie, featuring the third theatrical appearance of Mickey Mouse. The cartoon was a phenomenal box-office success, drawing in crowds and sparking a meteoric rise to fame for Disney—one of several triumphs he would achieve in his career. Image File history File links Closing title used on the earliest Mickey Mouse shorts. ... Image File history File links Closing title used on the earliest Mickey Mouse shorts. ... Walt Disney Walter Elias Disney (December 5, 1901 – December 15, 1966), was an American film producer, director, screenwriter, voice actor, and animator. ... Mickey Mouse Mickey Mouse is a comic animal cartoon character who has become a symbol for The Walt Disney Company. ... A schematic representation of hearing. ... 1927 (MCMXXVII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... Walt Disney Walter Elias Disney (December 5, 1901 – December 15, 1966), was an American film producer, director, screenwriter, voice actor, and animator. ... Original opening title card Steamboat Willie, released on November 18, 1928, is an animated cartoon featuring Mickey Mouse. ... Mickey Mouse Mickey Mouse is a comic animal cartoon character who has become a symbol for The Walt Disney Company. ...

During the early 1930s, the world of animation seemed to be divided into two factions: Walt Disney and "everyone else." Mickey Mouse's phenomenal popularity put the animated character into the ranks of the most popular screen personalities in the world (ranking alongside Charlie Chaplin), and for a while it seemed that everything Disney touched turned to gold. Merchandising based on Disney cartoons rescued a number of companies from bankruptcy during the depths of the Depression, and Disney took advantage of this popularity to move forward with further innovations in animation. Disney is responsible for the development of the three-strip Technicolor process in motion pictures (the Technicolor company worked with Disney to perfect the process), and the first full-color theatrical cartoon was a Disney short, Flowers and Trees (1932). Disney also developed the idea of lifelike realism in animation to a degree that has rarely been surpassed since. His animation production staff, including technical innovator Ub Iwerks, developed the multiplane camera to provide additional depth and perception in animation (as opposed to the typical two-dimensional drawings used to produce animated film), while a continuing emphasis on story development and characterization resulted in yet another smash hit for Disney: Three Little Pigs (1933), which is seen as the first cartoon in which multiple characters displayed unique, individual personalities. Charlie Chaplin and Virginia Cherrill in City Lights (1931) Sir Charles Spencer Chaplin, Jr, KBE, (April 16, 1889 – December 25, 1977) was a British born actor, the most famous actor in early to mid Hollywood cinema era, and also a notable director. ... It has been suggested that John Hay Whitney/Technicolor be merged into this article or section. ... Flowers and Trees was the first animated cartoon to be produced in the full-color three-strip Technicolor process. ... 1932 (MCMXXXII) is a leap year starting on Friday. ... A publicity photograph (circa 1929) of Ub Iwerks and his most famous co-creation, Mickey Mouse. ... The multiplane camera is a special motion picture camera used in the traditional animation process that moves a number of pieces of artwork past the camera at various speeds and at various distances from one another. ... The wolf lands in the cooking pot The third pig builds a house of brick Three little pigs and their mother sow Three Little Pigs is a fairy tale featuring talking animals. ... 1933 (MCMXXXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ...

Disney did face a number of competitors, though none were able to topple his studio from the throne of animation until the 1940s. Disney's greatest competition during the silent era, the Pat Sullivan studio, faced one of the greatest downfalls during this period after a rather uninspired attempt at bringing Felix the Cat into the sound medium. // Events and trends World War II was a truly global conflict with many facets: immense human suffering, fierce indoctrination, and the use of new, extremely devastating weapons such as the atomic bomb. ... Patrick Sullivan was an Australian émigré film producer, best known for producing the Felix the Cat silent cartoons created by Otto Messmer. ... The famous Felix pace as seen in Oceantics (1930) Felix the Cat is a cartoon character from the silent-film era. ...

In terms of quality, Disney's closest competitor was Max Fleischer, the head of Fleischer Studios (which produced cartoons for Paramount Pictures). The Fleischers continued the innovation and creativity they had developed during the silent film era, and they scored successful hits with the sexy Betty Boop cartoons and the surreal Popeye the Sailor series. Popeye's popularity during the 1930s rivaled Mickey Mouse at times, and Popeye fan clubs sprang up across the country in imitation of Mickey's fan clubs. However, during the early 1930s public outcry over "immorality" in the movies reached its peak, prompting the motion picture industry to clean up the "indecency" of the movies and accept the authority of the Production Code in 1934. This form of voluntary censorship applied to cartoons as well and even Mickey Mouse was forced to clean up his act. The Fleischers were especially hard-hit with Betty Boop having to be desexualized among other changes, and for a while their cartoons seem to lose some of their zest and creativity. The Fleischers produced a number of forgettable cartoons during late 1930s when they unwisely attempted to emulate Walt Disney, though their Popeye series remained strong. Max Fleischer (July 19, 1883–September 11, 1972) was an important pioneer in the development of the animated cartoon. ... Fleischer Studios, Inc. ... The Paramount Pictures logo used since 2003. ... A silent film is a film which has no accompanying soundtrack. ... Betty Boop from the opening title sequence of the earliest entries in the Betty Boop Cartoons series. ... Popeye from an opening still from one of his cartoon shorts, with his characteristic corncob pipe and single good eye. ... The Production Code (also known as the Hays Code) was a set of guidelines governing the production of motion pictures. ... 1934 (MCMXXXIV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ...

Meanwhile, former Disney animators Hugh Harman and Rudolf Ising moved to the newly created Leon Schlesinger studio which had recently secured a contract to produce cartoons for Warner Bros.. Harman and Ising directed their own cartoons there. While they were successful on their own, the team of Harman and Ising lacked the innovative quality of Disney, and many of their cartoons suffered from a "cuteness" that failed to impact with many viewing audiences. The Warner Bros. cartoons of the early 1930s by Harman and Ising (along with the earliest directorial efforts of animator Friz Freleng) were largely forgettable, formula cartoons that did try for innovation, but strived too hard to imitate Disney. Hugh Harman (1908–1982) and Rudolf Rudy Ising (1903–1992) were animators best known for founding the Warner Bros. ... Hugh Harman (1908–1982) and Rudolf Rudy Ising (1903–1992) were animators best known for founding the Warner Bros. ... Leon Schlesinger (1884 - December 25, 1949) was a producer at the Warner Bros. ... The WB Shield used from 2003 to present day; this is the Panavision version shown in the 2. ... Isadore Friz Freleng (August 21, 1905–May 26, 1995) was an animator, cartoonist, director, and producer best known for his work on the Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies series of cartoons from Warner Bros. ...

Bugs Bunny, from a 1945 Looney Tunes closing title.

However, in 1935, Schlesinger hired a new animation director who proceeded to revitalize the studio: Tex Avery. Avery brought a wild and wacky style of animation to the studio that would propel Warner Bros. cartoons to the top of the heap in the crowded field of animated cartoons. With Avery's influence, Warner Bros. gave birth to a new crowd of animated cartoons stars whose names are known worldwide: Porky Pig, Daffy Duck, Bugs Bunny, and many others. Image File history File links Bugs-ending. ... Image File history File links Bugs-ending. ... Bugs Bunny, as seen in the Looney Tunes short Rabbit Transit. ... 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... Looney Tunes opening title Looney Tunes is a Warner Brothers animated cartoon series that preceded the Merrie Melodies series, and is both WBs first animated theatrical series and the second longest continuous animated series in any medium. ... 1935 (MCMXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Tex Avery Frederick Bean Fred/Tex Avery (February 26, 1908 – August 26, 1980) was an animator, cartoonist, and director, famous for producing animated cartoons during the Golden Age of Hollywood. ... Porky Pig, as seen delivering his signature closing line at the end of a Looney Tunes short. ... Daffy Duck in Duck Amuck. ... Bugs Bunny, as seen in the Looney Tunes short Rabbit Transit. ...

Harman and Ising left Warner Bros. and moved to the MGM cartoon studio, where they were blessed with much higher budgets for their cartoons, and they produced a number of richly animated cartoons that often featured stunning animated sequences. But the Harman-Ising storytelling style still caused the MGM cartoons to suffer in quality: while they were visual feasts, the stories themselves were often unmemorable. MGM's studio remained in this state through the 1930s, even though their cartoons were often nominated for Academy Awards. MGM logo Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer or MGM, is a large media company, involved primarily in the production and distribution of cinema and television programs. ... Although he never won an Oscar for any of his movie performances, the comedian Bob Hope received two honorary Oscars for his contributions to cinema. ...

In addition to these studios, a number of other cartoon studios thrived during the 1930s. Walter Lantz and his associate, Bill Nolan had worked in New York for most of their animation career, so it comes as no surprise that the early cartoons of the Walter Lantz Studio were just as outrageous and surreal as the Fleischer product. Lantz's main character at this time was Oswald the Lucky Rabbit who was handed down from Walt Disney and Charles Mintz. In the 1933 cartoon, Confidence, Oswald pays a visit to United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt. Roosevelt walks out from behind his desk and tells the rabbit to spread confidence to wipe out the Great Depression. This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Walter Lantz Studio was an American animation studio. ... An Oswald the Lucky Rabbit trade advertisement from 1927. ... Charles B. Mintz was an American film producer and distributor, who took control over Margaret J. Winklers Winkler Pictures after marrying her in 1924. ... 1933 (MCMXXXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... Franklin Delano Roosevelt (January 30, 1882 – April 12, 1945), 32nd President of the United States (1933-1945), is best known for leading the U.S. through the Great Depression via his New Deal, building a powerful political coalition, the New Deal Coalition, that dominated American politics for decades, and for... Dorothea Langes Migrant Mother depicts destitute pea pickers in California, centering on Florence Owens Thompson, a mother of seven children, age thirty-two, in Nipomo, California, March 1936. ...

Former Oswald owner, Charles Mintz, meanwhile, was still in charge of his own cartoon operation producing Krazy Kat cartoons as well as a new series featuring a boy named Scrappy, created by Dick Huemer in 1931. After losing his Aesop's Film Fables series to the Van Beuren Studio, Paul Terry established a new studio called Terrytoons. However, in spite of the generally entertaining quality of the early Terry cartoons, they failed to achieve the success of the major competitors (especially Disney). The cartoons of the Van Beuren Studio demonstrated a similar weakness. Krazy Kat is a comic strip created by George Herriman, that appeared in weekday and Sunday U.S. newspapers between 1913 and 1944. ... Scrappy is a cartoon character created by Dick Huemer for Charles Mintzs Krazy Kat Studio. ... 1931 (MCMXXXI) is a common year starting on Thursday. ... Aesops Fable Title Card Aesops Film Fables was a series of animated short subjects, created by American cartoonist, Paul Terry. ... Van Beuren Studios was an animation studio that produced theatrical cartoons from 1928-1936. ... Mighty Mouse, the signature character of the studio. ... Mighty Mouse, the signature character of the studio. ... Van Beuren Studios was an animation studio that produced theatrical cartoons from 1928-1936. ...

Disney's long-time partner and friend, Ub Iwerks eventually decided to leave the Disney studio and formed his own in 1930. There were three main series to emerge from the Iwerks studio during its short tenure. These were Flip the Frog, Willie Whopper, and the ComiColor Cartoons. Although Iwerks' studio was short-lived, his cartoons were hits with audiences and critics alike for their off-beat style. 1930 (MCMXXX) is a common year starting on Wednesday. ... A promotional poster Flip the Frog is an animated cartoon character created by American cartoonist Ub Iwerks. ... Willie Whopper opening title Willie Whopper is an animated cartoon character created by American cartoonist, Ub Iwerks. ... Poster for the 1936 ComiColor Cartoon, Ali Baba The ComiColor Cartoon series was a series of animated short subjects produced by the Ub Iwerks studio from 1933 to 1936. ...

In 1937, Walt Disney produced Snow White, the first feature-length animated movie. This was the culmination of two years of effort from the Disney studios. Disney was convinced that short cartoons would not be able to supply the necessary revenue to keep his studio profitable in the long run, and he took what was—yet again—seen as an enormous gamble. Disney's financial ruin was predicted as a result of Snow White, but his critics were proven wrong. Snow White was a worldwide box office success, and a landmark in the development of animation as a serious art form. Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs is the first animated feature in the Disney animated features canon. ...

However, Disney was not the first animation producer to make an animated cartoon longer than the standard one reel. In 1936, Fleischer Studios produced the first of three two-reel Popeye Technicolor features: Popeye the Sailor Meets Sindbad the Sailor (1936), Popeye the Sailor Meets Ali Baba's Forty Thieves (1937), and Aladdin and His Wonderful Lamp (1939). After the success of Snow White, Paramount asked the Fleischers to produce a feature-length animated film of their own. Although the Fleischers were doubtful that they could make a quality feature-length cartoon, they accepted the offer. The Fleischer studio relocated from New York to Miami, Florida in 1938 and there the Fleischers produced an animated version of Gulliver's Travels in 1939. A small success, it was followed by Mister Bug Goes to Town in 1941, which proved to be a costly flop. The Fleischers were fired from their own studio, which was now completely owned by Paramount; the facility was renamed Famous Studios and moved back to New York. The Fleischer features were the only American animated features other than Disney's until the late 1950s. 1936 (MCMXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Fleischer Studios, Inc. ... A Popeye comic book cover shows Popeye, with his characteristic corncob pipe and single good eye, and his girlfriend Olive Oyl. ... It has been suggested that John Hay Whitney/Technicolor be merged into this article or section. ... Popeye the Sailor Meets Sindbad the Sailor is a two-reel animated cartoon short subject in the Popeye Color Specials series, produced in Technicolor and released to theatres on November 27, 1936 by Paramount Pictures. ... 1936 (MCMXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Popeye the Sailor Meets Ali Babas Forty Thieves is a two-reel animated cartoon short subject in the Popeye Color Specials series, produced in Technicolor and released to theatres on November 26, 1937 by Paramount Pictures. ... 1937 (MCMXXXVII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... Aladdin and His Wonderful Lamp is a two-reel animated cartoon short subject in the Popeye Color Specials series, produced in Technicolor and released to theatres on April 7, 1939 by Paramount Pictures. ... 1939 (MCMXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... The Magic City, The American Riviera, The Sixth Borough Location of Miami in Miami-Dade County, Florida. ... 1938 (MCMXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... Gulliver Gullivers Travels (1726, amended 1735) is a novel by Jonathan Swift that is both a satire on human nature and a parody of the travellers tales literary sub-genre. ... 1939 (MCMXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... Mister Bug Goes to Town is an animated feature produced by Fleischer Studios and released to theares by Paramount Pictures on December 4, 1941. ... For the movie, see 1941 (film) 1941 (MCMXLI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Famous Studio was the animation studio owned by Paramount Pictures after the company foreclosed on Fleischer Studios and ousted Max and David Flesicher in 1942. ... // Events and trends This map shows two essential global spheres during the Cold War in 1959. ...

Disney concentrated on the production of animated feature films, and he did not personally oversee his short cartoons in the manner that he had before. While the Disney short films remained inventive, entertaining, and always featured exquisite animation, the stories began to lag and become predictable. This left the way open for the up-and-coming Termite Terrace animators at Warner Bros. to burst forth with a plethora of outstanding, side-splittingly funny cartoons that influenced animators for generations afterwards. Warners' cartoon directors came into their own at this time, and the 1940s cartoons of Friz Freleng, Chuck Jones and Bob Clampett are legendary. Termite Terrace is the nickname for an old building on Sunset Boulevard, Hollywood, Los Angeles, California, USA where Looney Tunes were created frm 1935 to 1937. ... The WB Shield used from 2003 to present day; this is the Panavision version shown in the 2. ... // Events and trends World War II was a truly global conflict with many facets: immense human suffering, fierce indoctrination, and the use of new, extremely devastating weapons such as the atomic bomb. ... Isadore Friz Freleng (August 21, 1905–May 26, 1995) was an animator, cartoonist, director, and producer best known for his work on the Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies series of cartoons from Warner Bros. ... Charles Martin Chuck Jones (September 21, 1912–February 22, 2002) was an American animator, cartoon artist, screenwriter, producer, and director of animated films, most memorably of Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies shorts for the Warner Brothers cartoon studio. ... Robert Emerson Bob Clampett (May 8, 1913–May 4, 1984) was an animator, producer, director, and puppeteer best known for his work on the Looney Tunes series of cartoons from Warner Bros. ...

Sound in animation

While much of the magic of the Golden Era was due to the visual artistry of the cartoons, an equal part was played by the vocal talents and elaborate symphonic scores that went alongside the images.

As motion pictures drew audiences away from their radio sets, it also drew the talented actors and vocal impressionists into film and animation. Mel Blanc gave voice to many of Warner Bros. most popular characters, including Bugs Bunny and Daffy Duck. Other voices and personalities from vaudeville and the radio era contributed to the popularility of animated films in the Golden Era. Melvin Jerome Blanc (born May 30, 1908 in San Francisco, California; died July 10, 1989 in Los Angeles, California), was a famous American voice actor for both classic American radio programs and many animation studios, primarily the Warner Brothers and Hanna-Barbera studios. ... Vaudeville is a style of multi-act theatre which flourished in North America from the 1880s through the 1920s. ...

Cartoons of the era also included rich orchestral scores played by studio orchestras. Carl Stalling composed numerous cartoon soundtracks, creating original material as well as incorporating familiar classical and popular melodies. A studio orchestra is an orchestra run by a movie studio used to produce a film or television soundtrack. ... This article contains information that has not been verified and thus might not be reliable. ...

Many of the early cartoons, particularly Disney's Silly Symphonies series, were built around classical pieces. There cartoons sometimes featured star characters, but some had simple nature themes. The opening title for the first Silly Symphony cartoon, The Skeleton Dance (1929). ...

See also: Looney Tunes, Merrie Melodies, Silly Symphonies, Fantasia Looney Tunes opening title Looney Tunes is a Warner Brothers animated cartoon series that preceded the Merrie Melodies series, and is both WBs first animated theatrical series and the second longest continuous animated series in any medium. ... Merrie Melodies end title Merrie Melodies is the name of a series of animated cartoons distributed by Warner Bros. ... The opening title for the first Silly Symphony cartoon, The Skeleton Dance (1929). ... Fantasia is a 1940 motion picture, the third in the Disney animated features canon, which was a Walt Disney experiment in animation and music. ...

The wartime era

After the success of Snow White, Disney invested heavily into three additional animated feature films, all of which have been widely acclaimed as among the greatest animated productions of all time: Pinocchio, Bambi, and Fantasia. However, none of these films were box-office hits that came anywhere near the level of Snow White. Fantasia in particular was looked down upon by literary critics and audiences, who felt that Walt was striving for something beyond his reach by trying to introduce mainstream animation to abstract art, classical music, and "elite" subjects, although later generations would hail Disney for the artistic ambition of doing precisely that. To compensate for the relative failure of these projects, Disney produced a low-budget feature film (Dumbo) that brought in much-needed revenue and kept his studio afloat. Pinocchio is the second animated feature in the Disney animated features canon. ... Thumper with Bambi (right) Bambi, based on the 1923 book Bambi, A Life in the Woods by Felix Salten, is a Disney cartoon movie that debuted on August 13, 1942. ... Fantasia is a 1940 motion picture, the third in the Disney animated features canon, which was a Walt Disney experiment in animation and music. ... For the Brooklyn, New York City, neighborhood, see DUMBO. Dumbo is the fourth animated feature in the Disney animated features canon. ...

Frame of Der Fuehrer's Face

With the advent of the 1940s, two major events evoked change in the status quo of the Hollywood cartoon studios. The first was the entry of the United States into World War II, and the mobilization of all the studios (including their cartoon divisions) to produce material to bolster public confidence and encourage support for the war effort. The second was the Disney animators' strike of 1941, which severed many ties between Walt Disney and his staff, while encouraging many members of the Disney studio to leave and seek greener pastures. Some of these ex-patriates went on to form UPA, a studio which was to have a tremendous impact on the look of cartoons throughout the 1950s. Image File history File links Der_Fuehrers_Face. ... Image File history File links Der_Fuehrers_Face. ... Sheet music for the title song Der Fuehrers Face is a 1943 animated cartoon by Walt Disney Studios starring Donald Duck, as well as a song from that short. ... // Events and trends World War II was a truly global conflict with many facets: immense human suffering, fierce indoctrination, and the use of new, extremely devastating weapons such as the atomic bomb. ... Combatants Allied Powers Axis Powers Commanders {{{commander1}}} {{{commander2}}} Strength {{{strength1}}} {{{strength2}}} Casualties 17 million military deaths 7 million military deaths {{{notes}}} World War II, also known as the Second World War (sometimes WW2 or WWII or World War Two), was a mid-20th century conflict that engulfed much of the... Disney animators strike - Wikipedia /**/ @import /skins/monobook/IE50Fixes. ... For the movie, see 1941 (film) 1941 (MCMXLI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... The UPA opening title card from How Now Boing Boing (1954) The legacy of the United Productions of America animation studio, better known as UPA, has largely been forgotten in the wake of the animation renaissance of the 1990s; it has been overshadowed by the commercialization of Warner Bros. ...

Tom and Jerry, the MGM animation studio's most important property.

After the United States' entry into World War II, most of the resources used to create animated shorts were redirected towards producing war-related material and propaganda. The major Hollywood studios contributed greatly to the war effort, and their cartoon studios pitched in as well with various contributions. Over at the Fleischer studios, Popeye the Sailor joined the Navy and began fighting Nazis and "Japs". While the Warner Bros. studio produced a series of Private Snafu cartoons especially for viewing by enlisted soldiers. Image File history File links Tomjerrylogo40s. ... Image File history File links Tomjerrylogo40s. ... Tom & Jerry title card from the 1940s Tom and Jerry were an animated cat (Tom) and mouse (Jerry) team who formed the basis of a massively successful series of theatrical short cartoons created, written, and directed by animators William Hanna and Joseph Barbera (later of Hanna-Barbera fame), and produced... Combatants Allied Powers Axis Powers Commanders {{{commander1}}} {{{commander2}}} Strength {{{strength1}}} {{{strength2}}} Casualties 17 million military deaths 7 million military deaths {{{notes}}} World War II, also known as the Second World War (sometimes WW2 or WWII or World War Two), was a mid-20th century conflict that engulfed much of the... Soviet propaganda poster from the Great Patriotic War depicting the victory of war hero General Georgi Zhukov over Nazi Germany. ... The Nazi party used a right-facing swastika as their symbol and the red and black colors were said to represent Blut und Boden (blood and soil). ... Private Snafu is the title character of a series of black-and-white instructional cartoon shorts produced between 1943 and 1945 during World War II. The character was created by director Frank Capra, chairman of the Armed Forces Motion Picture Unit, and the shorts were written by Theodore Dr. Seuss...

The war was the second of two major blows to shake Walt Disney's empire; but while Disney lagged, it didn't fall. Disney contributed heartily to the war effort with a famous propaganda film entitled Victory Through Air Power, though his further feature films of the 1940s were modestly-budgeted collections of animated short films, with titles such as Make Mine Music, Fun and Fancy Free, Melody Time, and The Three Caballeros. Victory through Air Power is a 1942 book by Alexander P. de Seversky, and a 1943 Walt Disney animated feature film movie based on the book. ... Make Mine Music is an animated feature produced by Walt Disney and released to theatres by RKO Radio Pictures on April 20, 1946. ... Fun and Fancy Free (first released on September 27, 1947) is a feature film produced by Walt Disney Studios and released by RKO Radio Pictures. ... Melody Time (first released on May 27, 1948) is an animated feature produced by Walt Disney and released to theatres by RKO Radio Pictures. ... The Three Caballeros is a 1944 feature film, combining live-action and animation, produced by Walt Disney Productions and distributed by RKO Radio Pictures. ...

The Warner Bros. studio, meanwhile, hit its stride and saw a surge in popularity that would propel its animation studio through the next fifteen to twenty years. These years are seen as the time when Friz Freleng and Bob Clampett reached the peak of their creativity. In particular, Clampett brought the six-minute animated cartoon to a level of wild surrealism that has rarely been equalled, directing such mini-masterpieces as Porky in Wackyland, Tortoise Wins By A Hare, The Big Snooze, Coal Black and de Sebben Dwarfs, and The Old Grey Hare. In 1946, a dispute with the studio led Clampett to leave Warner Bros. and strike out on his own. He worked as one of the pioneers of children's programming in the newly-born field of television, where he created the popular Time for Beany television show. Isadore Friz Freleng (August 21, 1905–May 26, 1995) was an animator, cartoonist, director, and producer best known for his work on the Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies series of cartoons from Warner Bros. ... Robert Emerson Bob Clampett (May 8, 1913–May 4, 1984) was an animator, producer, director, and puppeteer best known for his work on the Looney Tunes series of cartoons from Warner Bros. ... Porky in Wackyland is a 1938 animated short film in which Porky Pig goes hunting through a surreal landscape to find the Do-Do Bird. ... This article or section should be merged with Bob Clampett Bob Clammpets last Warner Bros. ... Coal Black and de Sebben Dwarfs (working title: So White and de Sebben Dwarfs) is a Merrie Melodies animated cartoon directed by Bob Clampett, produced by Leon Schlesinger Productions, and released to theatres on January 16, 1943 by Warner Bros. ... The Old Gery Hare is a 1944 Merrie Melodies cartoon that starts off with Elmer Fudd asleep and going into the future. ... 1946 (MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday. ...

A scene from the opening prologue to a Fleischer Studios Superman cartoon. The series was the studio's most successful late period project.

Meanwhile, after a decade of trying to topple Disney from its throne, the MGM studio was suddenly blessed with a stroke of good fortune, in fact two strokes. Resident MGM animators Will Hanna and Joe Barbera scored a hit with their short film Puss Gets The Boot, which was nominated for an Oscar, and they then set themselves to producing a long-running series of Tom and Jerry cartoons that won accolades for MGM, as well as a string of Academy Awards that was unmatched by any other studio save Disney. Meanwhile, Tex Avery left Warner Bros. after a dispute with Leon Schleisinger, and he came to MGM and revitalized their cartoon studio with the same spark that had infused the Warner animators. Between the Tom and Jerry series and Tex Avery's wild, surreal masterpieces of his MGM days (including a saucy, sexy Red Riding Hood series that set new standards for "adult" entertainment in cartoons), MGM was finally able to compete with Disney (and now Warner Bros.) in the field of animated cartoons. Superman, from the title sequence of the Fleisher Superman cartoons This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... Superman, from the title sequence of the Fleisher Superman cartoons This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... Fleischer Studios, Inc. ... This image of Superman appeared at the beginning of each of the cartoons. ... William Jay Hanna (July 14, 1910 in Melrose, New Mexico – March 22, 2001) was an animator, director, producer, cartoon artist, and co-founder, together with Joseph Barbera, of Hanna-Barbera (now known as Cartoon Network Studios). ... Jospeh Barbera By Naeem Qasai Joseph Roland Barbera (born March 24, 1905) is an animator, cartoon artist, storyboard artist, director, producer and co-founder, together with William Hanna of Hanna-Barbera (now known as Cartoon Network Studios). ... Puss Gets the Boot is a one-reel animated cartoon short subject, produced in Technicolor and released to theatres on February 10, 1940 by Metro-Goldwyn Mayer. ... Although he never won an Oscar for any of his movie performances, the comedian Bob Hope received two honorary Oscars for his contributions to cinema. ... Tom & Jerry title card from the 1940s Tom and Jerry were an animated cat (Tom) and mouse (Jerry) team who formed the basis of a massively successful series of theatrical short cartoons created, written, and directed by animators William Hanna and Joseph Barbera (later of Hanna-Barbera fame), and produced...

Another thriving studio in the 1940s was the Walter Lantz studio. Since Oswald had worn out his welcome, Lantz and his staff worked on several ideas for possible new cartoon characters (among them Meany, Miny and Moe and Baby-Face Mouse). Eventually one of these characters clicked - his name was Andy Panda. However successful Andy was, it was not until the character's fifth cartoon, Knock Knock that a real breakthough character was introduced. This was non-other than Woody Woodpecker. Andy Panda was a series of animated cartoon short subjects produced by Walter Lantz and released by Universal Pictures from 1939 to 1949. ... Woody Woodpecker first appeared in the film Knock Knock on November 25, 1940. ... Woody Woodpecker in the 1948 short Wacky-Bye Baby, directed by Dick Lundy. ...

The winds of change also blew in the direction of the Fleischer studios, though the results were not as beneficial and inspiring as the events at MGM. While the Fleischers brought Popeye into the Navy and contributed to the war effort, they also began a series of spectacular Superman cartoons (the first of which was nominated for an Oscar) that have become legendary in themselves. However, in the early 1940s, Paramount Pictures suddenly expelled the Fleischers from their position at the head of the cartoon studio. In a move that remains controversial to the present day (though it has not been heavily examined by film historians), Paramount took over the Fleischer studio and brought it under the fold of their own studio, renaming it Famous Studios and continuing the work that the Fleischers began. The departure of the Fleischers had an immediate effect on the studio: while the Paramount cartoons of the war years continued to be entertaining and popular, a decline in story quality began that would become more and more evident as the decade came to a close. This image of Superman appeared at the beginning of each of the cartoons. ...

Stop motion and special effects

For a great part of the history of Hollywood animation, the production of animated films was an exclusive industry that did not branch off very often into other areas. The various animation studios worked almost exclusively on producing animated cartoons and animated titles for movies. Only occasionally was animation used for other aspects of the movie industry. The low-budget Superman serials of the 1940s used animated sequences of Superman flying and performing super-powered feats were used in the place of live-action special effects, but this was not a common practice. Superman, aka the Man of Steel, is a fictional character and superhero who first appeared in Action Comics #1 in 1938, and has for several decades been one of the most popular and well-known comic book icons. ... Serial is a term, originating in literature, for a format by which a story is told in contiguous installments in sequential issues of a single periodical publication. ... // Events and trends World War II was a truly global conflict with many facets: immense human suffering, fierce indoctrination, and the use of new, extremely devastating weapons such as the atomic bomb. ...

The exclusivity of animation also resulted in the birth of a sister industry that was used almost exclusively for motion picture special effects: stop motion animation. In spite of their similarities, the two genres of stop-motion and hand-drawn animation rarely came together during the Golden Age of Hollywood. Stop-motion animation made a name for itself with the 1933 box-office hit King Kong, where animator Willis O'Brien defined many of the major stop motion techniques used for the next 50 years. The success of King Kong led to a number of other early special effects films, including Mighty Joe Young, which was also animated by O'Brien and helped to start the careers of a several animators, including Ray Harryhausen, who came into his own in the 1950s. Stop motion is an animation technique which makes things that are static appear to be moving. ... 1933 (MCMXXXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... King Kong battles a pterosaur in the 1933 version King Kong in the 2005 version of King Kong King Kong is the name of a fictional, giant gorilla who appears in several works that bear his name, including the groundbreaking 1933 film, the film remakes of 1976 and 2005, and... Willis H. OBie OBrien (March 2, 1886 - November 8, 1962) was a pioneering motion picture special effects artist who specialized in stop-motion animation. ... Mighty Joe Young is a film made in 1949 by the same design team responsible for King Kong. ... Ray Harryhausen in 2002 Ray Harryhausen (born June 29, 1920 in Los Angeles, California) is an American producer and, most notably, a special effects creator. ... // Events and trends This map shows two essential global spheres during the Cold War in 1959. ...

George Pál was the only stop-motion animator to produce a series of stop-motion animated cartoons for theatrical release, the Puppetoon series for Paramount, some of which were animated by Ray Harryhausen. Pál went on to produce several live-action special effects-laden feature films. George Pál (February 1, 1908 – May 2, 1980) (birth name: György Marincsák) was a Hungarian-born American animator and film producer. ... Puppetoons, also called replacement animation, differs from traditional stop-motion. ...

Stop motion animation reached the height of its popularity during the 1950s. The exploding popularity of science fiction films lead to an exponential development in the field of special effects, and George Pál became the producer of several popular special-effects laden films. Meanwhile, Ray Harryhausen's work on such films as Earth vs the Flying Saucers, The Seventh Voyage of Sinbad, and The Beast From 20,000 Fathoms drew in large crowds and encouraged the development of "realistic" special effects in films. These effects used many of the same techniques as cel animation, but still the two media did not often come together. Stop motion developed to the point where Douglas Trumbull's effects in 2001: A Space Odyssey seemed lifelike to an unearthly degree. // Events and trends This map shows two essential global spheres during the Cold War in 1959. ... Science fiction is a form of speculative fiction principally dealing with the impact of imagined science and technology, or both, upon society and persons as individuals. ... Earth vs. ... The Seventh Voyage of Sinbad is a 1958 fantasy movie starring Kerwin Matthews as the durable legendary sailor Sinbad. ... The Beast from 20,000 Fathoms DVD cover The Beast from 20,000 Fathoms is a black and white 1953 science fiction film directed by Eugène Lourié. The film is also known as Monster from Beneath the Sea, and is based on a short story by Ray Bradbury called... Douglas Trumbull (born April 8, 1942) is a film director and special effects supervisor. ... A movie poster from the original release of 2001 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968) is an immensely popular and influential science fiction film and book; the film directed by Stanley Kubrick and the book written by Arthur C. Clarke. ...

Hollywood special effects continued to develop in a manner that largely avoided cel animation, though several memorable animated sequences were included in live-action feature films of the era. The most famous of these was a scene during the movie Anchors Aweigh, in which actor Gene Kelly danced with an animated Jerry Mouse (of Tom and Jerry fame). But except for occasional sequences of this sort, the only real integration of cel animation into live-action films came in the development of animated credit and title sequences. Saul Bass' opening sequences for Alfred Hitchcock's films (including Vertigo, North by Northwest, and Psycho) are legendary, and he had several imitators. Likewise, the opening title sequence of the Pink Panther film series were popular enough to give rise to a series of cartoons based upon the character of the same name. Original sheet music cover Anchors Aweigh is the song of the United States Navy, composed in 1906 by Charles A. Zimmerman with lyrics by Alfred Hart Miles. ... Eugene Curran Kelly (August 23, 1912 - February 2, 1996), better known as Gene Kelly was born and raised in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. ... For other uses, see Tom and Jerry. ... Saul Bass Saul Bass (May 8, 1920 - April 25, 1996; pronunciation of name unknown) was a graphic designer, but is best known for his design on motion picture title sequences, which is thought of as the best such work ever seen. ... Alfred Joseph Hitchcock KBE (August 13, 1899 – April 29, 1980) was a British-born American film director and producer, closely associated with the suspense thriller genre. ... Vertigo is a 1958 suspense film directed by Alfred Hitchcock. ... North by Northwest is a 1959 MGM thriller by Alfred Hitchcock and is generally considered one of his best works. ... Psycho is a 1958 pulp novel by Robert Bloch, which details the life and crimes of the profoundly disturbed Norman Bates. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

The 1950s, 1960s and the end of the Golden Age

However, all of this activity among the major studios caused them to turn a blind eye to still another development taking place. A former Disney animator named John Hubley had left Walt's nest during the animator's strike, and he founded a newer, smaller animation studio in order to pursue his own vision: trying out newer, more abstract and experimental styles of animation. Hubley and his colleagues set out to form a new studio called United Productions of America or UPA. Artistically, UPA used a style of animation that has come to be known as limited animation. The first short from the newly-formed studio was Hell-Bent for Election (directed by Warners veteran Chuck Jones), a cartoon made for the re-election campaign of Franklin D. Roosevelt. Although this new film was a success, it did not break the boundaries that Hubley and his staffers had hoped. It wan't until the second short, Bob Cannon's Brotherhood of Man, tht the studio began producing shorts so aggressively stylized in contrast the films of the other studios. Cannon's film even preached a message that, at the time, was looked down upon – racial tolerance. The phrase turn a blind eye is attributed to Admiral Horatio Nelson. ... John Hubley (May 21, 1914- February 21, 1977) was an animator and animation director known for both his formal experimentation and for his emotional realism which stemmed from his tendency to cast his own children as voice actors in his films. ... The UPA opening title card from How Now Boing Boing (1954) The legacy of the United Productions of America animation studio, better known as UPA, has largely been forgotten in the wake of the animation renaissance of the 1990s; it has been overshadowed by the commercialization of Warner Bros. ... Limited animation is a process of making animated cartoons that does not follow a realistic approach. ... Hell-Bent For Election was a 1944 two-reel (thirteen minute) animated cartoon short subject. ... Charles Martin Chuck Jones (September 21, 1912–February 22, 2002) was an American animator, cartoon artist, screenwriter, producer, and director of animated films, most memorably of Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies shorts for the Warner Brothers cartoon studio. ... Franklin Delano Roosevelt (January 30, 1882 – April 12, 1945), 32nd President of the United States (1933-1945), is best known for leading the U.S. through the Great Depression via his New Deal, building a powerful political coalition, the New Deal Coalition, that dominated American politics for decades, and for...

UPA eventually found a home for itself at Columbia Pictures and earned itself two Academy Award nominations during its first two years of production. From there, the UPA animators began producing a series of cartoons that immediately stood out among the crowded field of mirror-image, copycat cartoons of the other studios. The success of UPA's Mr. Magoo series made all of the other studios sit up and take notice, and when the UPA short Gerald McBoing-Boing won the Oscar, the effect on Hollywood was immediate and electrifying. The UPA style was markedly different from everything else being seen on movie screens, and audiences responded to the change that UPA offered from the repetition of usual cat-mouse battles. Although he never won an Oscar for any of his movie performances, the comedian Bob Hope received two honorary Oscars for his contributions to cinema. ... Mr. ... A scene from UPA/Columbias Gerald McBoingBoing. ...

By 1953, UPA had gained great influence among the industry. The Hollywood cartoon studios gradually moved away from the lush, realistic detail of the 1940s to a more simplistic, less realistic style of animation. By this time, even Disney was attempting to mimic UPA. 1953's Toot, Whistle, Plunk and Boom in particular was an experiment in stylization that followed in the footsteps of the newly-formed studio. 1953 (MCMLIII) is a common year starting on Thursday. ... // Events and trends World War II was a truly global conflict with many facets: immense human suffering, fierce indoctrination, and the use of new, extremely devastating weapons such as the atomic bomb. ...

A scene from Rabbit Fire, a 1951 Looney Tunes cartoon directed by Chuck Jones.

Prior to the UPA revolution, both the Warner Bros. and MGM cartoon studios were at the peak of their creativity during the early 1950s. In particular, the cartoons of Chuck Jones at Warner Bros. reached a peak that has rarely been equalled in the entire history of animation. While Jones did produce a number of mediocre-quality cartoons (that were occasionally cruel and violent), much of his output of the 1950s consisted of one classic cartoon after another, with such unforgettable titles the highly popular Road Runner series, the "Bugs Bunny vs. Daffy Duck" cartoons, and the great classics Duck Amuck, What's Opera, Doc?, Rabbit of Seville, Feed the Kitty, and many others. Duck Amuck and What's Opera, Doc? are considered "culturally significant" by the United States government, and thus have been added to the U.S. National Film Registry. Image File history File links Rabbit_Fire. ... Image File history File links Rabbit_Fire. ... Rabbit Fire is a 1951 Looney Tunes cartoon starring Bugs Bunny, directed by Chuck Jones and written by Michael Maltese. ... 1951 (MCMLI) was a common year starting on Monday; see its calendar. ... Looney Tunes opening title Looney Tunes is a Warner Brothers animated cartoon series that preceded the Merrie Melodies series, and is both WBs first animated theatrical series and the second longest continuous animated series in any medium. ... Charles Martin Chuck Jones (September 21, 1912–February 22, 2002) was an American animator, cartoon artist, screenwriter, producer, and director of animated films, most memorably of Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies shorts for the Warner Brothers cartoon studio. ... The WB Shield used from 2003 to present day; this is the Panavision version shown in the 2. ... MGM logo Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer or MGM, is a large media company, involved primarily in the production and distribution of cinema and television programs. ... // Events and trends This map shows two essential global spheres during the Cold War in 1959. ... Charles Martin Chuck Jones (September 21, 1912–February 22, 2002) was an American animator, cartoon artist, screenwriter, producer, and director of animated films, most memorably of Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies shorts for the Warner Brothers cartoon studio. ... ... Bugs Bunny, as seen in the Looney Tunes short Rabbit Transit. ... Daffy Duck in Duck Amuck. ... Scene from Duck Amuck Duck Amuck is a surreal 1953 animated cartoon produced by Warner Bros. ... Whats Opera, Doc? - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... The Rabbit of Seville is a Warner Brothers Looney Tunes theatrical cartoon short released in 1950 and directed by Chuck Jones and written by Michael Maltese. ... The National Film Registry is the registry of films selected by the United States National Film Preservation Board for preservation in the Library of Congress. ...

The MGM cartoons of the 1950s also continued the award-winning streak that began in the 1940s. The Tom and Jerry series won two more Oscars for the studio, and Tex Avery's legendary stint continued up until the studio closed its cartoon division in 1957. MGM closed its cartoon unit because of high production costs; the cartoons had literally become too expensive to continue to make. MGM logo Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer or MGM, is a large media company, involved primarily in the production and distribution of cinema and television programs. ... // Events and trends World War II was a truly global conflict with many facets: immense human suffering, fierce indoctrination, and the use of new, extremely devastating weapons such as the atomic bomb. ... Tom & Jerry title card from the 1940s Tom and Jerry were an animated cat (Tom) and mouse (Jerry) team who formed the basis of a massively successful series of theatrical short cartoons created, written, and directed by animators William Hanna and Joseph Barbera (later of Hanna-Barbera fame), and produced... Although he never won an Oscar for any of his movie performances, the comedian Bob Hope received two honorary Oscars for his contributions to cinema. ... Tex Avery Frederick Bean Fred/Tex Avery (February 26, 1908 – August 26, 1980) was an animator, cartoonist, and director, famous for producing animated cartoons during the Golden Age of Hollywood. ... 1957 (MCMLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The Paramount cartoon series did not fare as well, however. The Famous Studios cartoons saw a rapid decline in quality in the later half of the 1940s after World War II ended, and the cartoons became more dependent on formulas and violence. The 1950s saw the introduction of Casper the Friendly Ghost and Herman and Katnip, while even the Popeye the Sailor series lost much of its creativity and originality. The Paramount cartoons sank to the level of theater time-fillers, and by the time the 1960s began they were largely forgettable. The Paramount Pictures logo used since 2003. ... Combatants Allied Powers Axis Powers Commanders {{{commander1}}} {{{commander2}}} Strength {{{strength1}}} {{{strength2}}} Casualties 17 million military deaths 7 million military deaths {{{notes}}} World War II, also known as the Second World War (sometimes WW2 or WWII or World War Two), was a mid-20th century conflict that engulfed much of the... Early Casper in Theres Good Boos To-Night (1948). ... Herman and Katnip are a duo of cartoon characters (Herman the mouse and Katnip the cat), who have appeared both separately and together in Famous Studios cartoons from 1943 to 1959. ... Popeye from an opening still from one of his cartoon shorts, with his characteristic corncob pipe and single good eye. ... The 1960s decade refers to the years from 1960 to 1969, inclusive. ...

Disney's animated feature films continued to draw in large crowds through the 1950s. After a series of feature films in the late 1940s that were essentially series of short cartoons strung together, the studio saw a return to the successful formula of adapting fairy tales and children's stories to animation. Disney produced a number of classic films in the 1950s, including Lady and the Tramp, Peter Pan, One Hundred and One Dalmatians, Cinderella, and Sleeping Beauty, though even Disney found it impossible to reproduce the stunning realism of Fantasia and Pinocchio. // Events and trends This map shows two essential global spheres during the Cold War in 1959. ... // Events and trends World War II was a truly global conflict with many facets: immense human suffering, fierce indoctrination, and the use of new, extremely devastating weapons such as the atomic bomb. ... Lady and the Tramp is the fifteenth animated feature in the Disney animated features canon. ... Peter Pan is the fourteenth animated feature in the Disney animated features canon. ... This article is about the animated film. ... Cinderella is the twelfth animated feature in the Disney animated features canon. ... Sleeping Beauty is the sixteenth animated feature in the Disney animated features canon. ... Fantasia is a 1940 motion picture, the third in the Disney animated features canon, which was a Walt Disney experiment in animation and music. ... Pinocchio is the second animated feature in the Disney animated features canon. ...

By the 1960s, the industry began to shift again. The medium of television was beginning to gain more momentum. At the head of this change were the duo William Hanna and Joseph Barbera, the creators of Tom and Jerry. The new Hanna-Barbera studio utilized the limited animation style UPA pioneered as an artistic form. Except now, it was being used largely to shortcut budgets. With television's growing popularity, there began a decline in moviegoing. The Golden Age was over and the state of American animation was changed forever. The 1960s decade refers to the years from 1960 to 1969, inclusive. ... William Jay Hanna (July 14, 1910 in Melrose, New Mexico – March 22, 2001) was an animator, director, producer, cartoon artist, and co-founder, together with Joseph Barbera, of Hanna-Barbera (now known as Cartoon Network Studios). ... Jospeh Barbera By Naeem Qasai Joseph Roland Barbera (born March 24, 1905) is an animator, cartoon artist, storyboard artist, director, producer and co-founder, together with William Hanna of Hanna-Barbera (now known as Cartoon Network Studios). ... Limited animation is a process of making animated cartoons that does not follow a realistic approach. ...

Partial list of noteworthy shorts from the Golden Age of animation

Walt Disney Productions

• Steamboat Willie (1928), Walt Disney
• Plane Crazy (1928), Walt Disney
• The Skeleton Dance (1929), Walt Disney
• Flowers and Trees (1932), Walt Disney
• Three Little Pigs, (1933), Walt Disney
• The Band Concert (1935), Wilfred Jackson
• The Old Mill (1936), Walt Disney
• Clock Cleaners (1937), Ben Sharpsteen
• Brave Little Tailor (1938), Bill Roberts
• Donald's Better Self (1938), Jack King
• Mickey's Trailer (1938), Ben Sharpsteen
• Der Fuehrer's Face (1942), Jack Kinney
• Education for Death (1943), Clyde Geronomi
• Hockey Homicide (1945), Jack Kinney
• Toot, Whistle, Plunk and Boom (1953), C. August Nichols and Ward Kimball

Original opening title card Steamboat Willie, released on November 18, 1928, is an animated cartoon featuring Mickey Mouse. ... 1928 (MCMXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... Walt Disney Walter Elias Disney (December 5, 1901 – December 15, 1966), was an American film producer, director, screenwriter, voice actor, and animator. ... Mickey Mouse in Plane Crazy (1928) Plane Crazy (first released on May 15, 1928) was the first animated cartoon to feature Mickey Mouse as well as Minnie Mouse (Mickeys girlfriend). ... 1928 (MCMXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... This page meets Wikipedias criteria for speedy deletion. ... -1... Flowers and Trees was the first animated cartoon to be produced in the full-color three-strip Technicolor process. ... 1932 (MCMXXXII) is a leap year starting on Friday. ... The wolf lands in the cooking pot The third pig builds a house of brick Three little pigs and their mother sow Three Little Pigs is a fairy tale featuring talking animals. ... 1933 (MCMXXXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... The Band Concert is a 1935 Walt Disney cartoon in which Mickey Mouse is conductor of an outdoor orchestra. ... 1935 (MCMXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... The Old Mill is a 1937 Silly Symphonies cartoon produced by Walt Disney, directed by Wilfred Jackson, and released to theatres by RKO Radio Pictures on November 5, 1937. ... 1936 (MCMXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1937 (MCMXXXVII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... Brave Little Tailor is a one-reel animated cartoon short subject in the Mickey Mouse series, produced in Technicolor by Walt Disney Productions, and released to theatres on September 29, 1938 by RKO Radio Pictures. ... 1938 (MCMXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... Donalds Better Self is a Disney cartoon. ... 1938 (MCMXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... Jack King is a pseudonym for a former top-secret government courier, who was privy to all the ins and outs of covert maneuvering on a global scale. ... Mickeys Trailer is an animated short released may 6th 1938. ... 1938 (MCMXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... Sheet music for the title song Der Fuehrers Face is a 1943 animated cartoon by Walt Disney Studios starring Donald Duck, as well as a song from that short. ... This article is about the year. ... Jack Kinney (March 29, 1909 - February 9, 1992) was an animator, director and producer of animated shorts. ... Education for Death: The Making of the Nazi was an animated short film produced by Walt Disney and released on January 15, 1943 by RKO Radio Pictures. ... 1943 (MCMXLIII) is a common year starting on Friday. ... Hockey Homicide is a cartoon made by the Walt Disney Company in 1945. ... 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1953 (MCMLIII) is a common year starting on Thursday. ... Firehouse Five Plus Two LP album cover. ...

Warner Bros.

• Sinkin' in the Bathtub (1930), Hugh Harman and Rudolf Ising
• Gold Diggers of '49 (1935), Tex Avery
• Porky in Wackyland (1938), Bob Clampett
• You Ought to Be in Pictures (1940), Friz Freleng
• A Wild Hare (1940), Tex Avery
• The Dover Boys (1942), Chuck Jones
• The Ducktators (1942), Norm McCabe
• Book Revue (1946), Bob Clampett
• Tweetie Pie (1947), Friz Freleng
• Rabbit of Seville (1950), Chuck Jones
• Rabbit Fire (1951), Chuck Jones
• Duck Dodgers in the 24½th Century (1953), Chuck Jones
• Duck Amuck (1953), Chuck Jones
• One Froggy Evening (1955), Chuck Jones
• What's Opera, Doc? (1957), Chuck Jones

Sinkin in the Bathtub is a landmark in animation history as it was the very first Looney Tunes cartoon produced, and launched the Warner Bros. ... 1930 (MCMXXX) is a common year starting on Wednesday. ... A Merrie Melodies Foxy cartoon title card. ... Gold Diggers of 49 is a 1936 Warner Brothers theatrical cartoon short in the Looney Tunes series. ... 1935 (MCMXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Tex Avery Frederick Bean Fred/Tex Avery (February 26, 1908 – August 26, 1980) was an animator, cartoonist, and director, famous for producing animated cartoons during the Golden Age of Hollywood. ... Porky in Wackyland is a 1938 animated short film in which Porky Pig goes hunting through a surreal landscape to find the Do-Do Bird. ... 1938 (MCMXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... Robert Emerson Bob Clampett (May 8, 1913–May 4, 1984) was an animator, producer, director, and puppeteer best known for his work on the Looney Tunes series of cartoons from Warner Bros. ... You Ought to Be in Pictures is a 1940 Warner Bros. ... 1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... Isadore Friz Freleng (August 21, 1905–May 26, 1995) was an animator, cartoonist, director, and producer best known for his work on the Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies series of cartoons from Warner Bros. ... A Wild Hare is an animated short film directed by Tex Avery and released in 1940. ... 1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... The Dover Boys at Pimento University or The Rivals of Roquefort Hall (better known as simply The Dover Boys) is a 1942 Merrie Melodies cartoon produced by Leon Schlesinger Productions and directed by Chuck Jones. ... This article is about the year. ... Charles Martin Chuck Jones (September 21, 1912–February 22, 2002) was an American animator, cartoon artist, screenwriter, producer, and director of animated films, most memorably of Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies shorts for the Warner Brothers cartoon studio. ... This article is about the year. ... Book Revue (alternate title: Book Review) was a 1946 Looney Tunes cartoon short featuring Daffy Duck. ... 1946 (MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday. ... First pairing of Tweety and Sylvester. ... 1947 (MCMXLVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... The Rabbit of Seville is a Warner Brothers Looney Tunes theatrical cartoon short released in 1950 and directed by Chuck Jones and written by Michael Maltese. ... 1950 (MCML) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... Rabbit Fire is a 1951 Looney Tunes cartoon starring Bugs Bunny, directed by Chuck Jones and written by Michael Maltese. ... 1951 (MCMLI) was a common year starting on Monday; see its calendar. ... Duck Dodgers is the fictional star of a series of cartoons produced by Warner Bros. ... 1953 (MCMLIII) is a common year starting on Thursday. ... Scene from Duck Amuck Duck Amuck is a surreal 1953 animated cartoon produced by Warner Bros. ... 1953 (MCMLIII) is a common year starting on Thursday. ... Michigan J Frog One Froggy Evening is a six-minute Technicolor animated short film written by Michael Maltese and directed by Chuck Jones. ... 1955 (MCMLV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Whats Opera, Doc? - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... 1957 (MCMLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Fleischer Studios/Famous Studios

• The Sidewalks of New York (1929), Dave Fleischer
• Swing You Sinners! (1930), Dave Fleischer
• Silly Scandals (1931), Dave Fleischer
• Minnie the Moocher (1932), Dave Fleischer
• Popeye the Sailor with Betty Boop (1933), Dave Fleischer
• Snow White (1933), Dave Fleischer
• Popeye the Sailor Meets Sinbad the Sailor (1936), Dave Fleischer
• Superman (1941), Dave Fleischer
• The Raven (1942), Dave Fleischer
• Cartoons Ain't Human (1943), Seymour Kneitel, Famous Studios

-1... David Fleischer ( July 14, 1894 - June 25, 1979) was a German-American animator, film director, and film producer, best known as a co-owner of Fleischer Studios with his older brother Max Fleischer. ... 1930 (MCMXXX) is a common year starting on Wednesday. ... 1931 (MCMXXXI) is a common year starting on Thursday. ... Cab Calloway and His Orchestra, from the opening credits of Max Fleischers Minnie the Moocher, which included a recording of the titular Calloway song. ... 1932 (MCMXXXII) is a leap year starting on Friday. ... Popeye from an opening still from one of his cartoon shorts, with his characteristic corncob pipe and single good eye. ... 1933 (MCMXXXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... Snow White is a 1933 animated short film in the Betty Boop series from Fleischer Studios and distributed by Paramount Pictures. ... 1933 (MCMXXXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... Popeye the Sailor Meets Sindbad the Sailor is a two-reel animated cartoon short subject in the Popeye Color Specials series, produced in Technicolor and released to theatres on November 27, 1936 by Paramount Pictures. ... 1936 (MCMXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... This image of Superman appeared at the beginning of each of the cartoons. ... For the movie, see 1941 (film) 1941 (MCMXLI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Gustave Doré illustrated The Raven. ... This article is about the year. ... 1943 (MCMXLIII) is a common year starting on Friday. ... Famous Studio was the animation studio owned by Paramount Pictures after the company foreclosed on Fleischer Studios and ousted Max and David Flesicher in 1942. ...

MGM

• Peace on Earth (1939), Hugh Harman
• Puss Gets The Boot (1940), William Hanna and Joseph Barbera
• The Yankee Doodle Mouse (1943), William Hanna and Joseph Barbera
• Dumb-Hounded (1943), Tex Avery
• Red Hot Riding Hood (1943), Tex Avery
• Mouse Trouble (1944), William Hanna and Joseph Barbera
• Quiet Please! (1945), William Hanna and Joseph Barbera
• The Cat Concerto (1947), William Hanna and Joseph Barbera
• King-Size Canary (1947), Tex Avery
• The Little Orphan (1948), William Hanna and Joseph Barbera
• The Two Mouseketeers (1951), William Hanna and Joseph Barbera
• Johann Mouse (1953), William Hanna and Joseph Barbera

Peace on Earth is a 1939 Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer cartoon short subject directed by Hugh Harman, about a post-apocalyptic world populated by animals. ... 1939 (MCMXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... Puss Gets the Boot is a one-reel animated cartoon short subject, produced in Technicolor and released to theatres on February 10, 1940 by Metro-Goldwyn Mayer. ... 1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... William Jay Hanna (July 14, 1910 in Melrose, New Mexico – March 22, 2001) was an animator, director, producer, cartoon artist, and co-founder, together with Joseph Barbera, of Hanna-Barbera (now known as Cartoon Network Studios). ... Jospeh Barbera By Naeem Qasai Joseph Roland Barbera (born March 24, 1905) is an animator, cartoon artist, storyboard artist, director, producer and co-founder, together with William Hanna of Hanna-Barbera (now known as Cartoon Network Studios). ... The Yankee Doodle Mouse is a one-reel animated cartoon short subject in the Tom and Jerry series, produced in Technicolor and released to theatres on June 26, 1943 by Metro-Goldwyn Mayer. ... 1943 (MCMXLIII) is a common year starting on Friday. ... 1943 (MCMXLIII) is a common year starting on Friday. ... Red Hot Riding Hood is an animated cartoon short subject, directed by Tex Avery and released in 1943 by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. ... 1943 (MCMXLIII) is a common year starting on Friday. ... A screenshot from Mouse Trouble. ... 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... The phrase Tom and Jerry has a several meanings: Tom and Jerry was originally a pairing of names from Pierce Egans Life in London, or Days and Nights of Jerry Hawthorne and his elegant friend Corinthian Tom. ... 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... Tom & Jerry at odds in The Cat Concerto. ... 1947 (MCMXLVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1947 (MCMXLVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1948 (MCMXLVIII) is a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar). ... The Two Mouseketeers is a one-reel animated cartoon short subject in the Tom and Jerry series, produced in Technicolor and released to theatres on March 15, 1952 by Metro-Goldwyn Mayer. ... 1951 (MCMLI) was a common year starting on Monday; see its calendar. ... Johann Mouse is a one-reel animated cartoon short subject in the Tom and Jerry series, produced in Technicolor and released to theatres on March 21, 1953 by Metro-Goldwyn Mayer. ... 1953 (MCMLIII) is a common year starting on Thursday. ...

Walter Lantz

• Race Riot, (1929), Walter Lantz
• Confidence, (1933), Bill Nolan
• Knock Knock (1940), Walter Lantz
• Barber of Seville (1944), James Culhane
• Apple Andy (1946), Dick Lundy
• Crazy Mixed-Up Pup (1955), Tex Avery
• The Legend of Rockabye Point (1955), Tex Avery

A race riot is an outbreak of violent civil unrest in which race issues are a key factor. ... -1... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... 1933 (MCMXXXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... Woody Woodpecker first appeared in the film Knock Knock on November 25, 1940. ... 1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... James Shamus Culhane was an Irish-American animator, film director, and film producer, often regarded as one of the greatest animators of all time. ... 1946 (MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday. ... Richard Dick Lundy was an American animator and film director. ... 1955 (MCMLV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1955 (MCMLV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Charles Mintz/Screen Gems (Columbia)

• Lambs Will Gambol (1930), Ben Harrison and Manny Gould
• Yelp Wanted (1931), Dick Huemer
• The Little Match Girl (1937), Sid Marcus and Art Davis
• The Fox and the Grapes (1941), Frank Tashlin
• Song of Victory (1942), Bob Wickersham
• Professor Small and Mister Tall (1943), John Hubley and Paul Sommers
• Flora (1948), Alex Lovy

Lambs Will Gambol is a 1930 animated short subject produced by Charles B. Mintz, featuring Krazy Kat. ... 1930 (MCMXXX) is a common year starting on Wednesday. ... 1931 (MCMXXXI) is a common year starting on Thursday. ... Illustration of the little match girl sitting in a doorway The Little Match Girl is a Danish fairy tale by Hans Christian Andersen about a young girl who sells matches to provide her family with an income during the cold winter. ... 1937 (MCMXXXVII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... Arthur Art Davis (June 14, 1905 - May 9, 2000) was an animator and a director for Warner Brothers Termite Terrace cartoon studio. ... The Fox and the Crow are a pair of anthropomorphic cartoon characters created by Frank Tashlin for the Screen Gems studio. ... For the movie, see 1941 (film) 1941 (MCMXLI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Frank Tashlin (February 19, 1913 - May 5, 1972) was an animator, screenwriter, and director. ... This article is about the year. ... 1943 (MCMXLIII) is a common year starting on Friday. ... John Hubley (May 21, 1914- February 21, 1977) was an animator and animation director known for both his formal experimentation and for his emotional realism which stemmed from his tendency to cast his own children as voice actors in his films. ... 1948 (MCMXLVIII) is a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar). ...

UPA

• Hell-Bent for Election (1944), Chuck Jones
• Brotherhood of Man (1946), Bob Cannon
• Ragtime Bear (1949), John Hubley
• Gerald McBoing Boing (1951), Bob Cannon
• Rooty Toot Toot (1952), John Hubley
• The Tell-Tale Heart (1953), Art Babbitt and Ted Parmelee
• When Magoo Flew (1955), Pete Burness

Hell-Bent For Election was a 1944 two-reel (thirteen minute) animated cartoon short subject. ... 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1946 (MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday. ... 1949 (MCMXLIX) is a common year starting on Saturday. ... Gerald McBoing-Boing is a 1951 animated short film about a little boy who can only speak in sound effects. ... 1951 (MCMLI) was a common year starting on Monday; see its calendar. ... 1952 (MCMLII) was a [[leap year starting on Tueday] (link will take you to calendar). ... The Tell-Tale Heart is a short story by Edgar Allan Poe, which was first published in James Russell Lowells The Pioneer in January 1843; Poe republished it in his periodical The Broadway Journal for August 23, 1845. ... 1953 (MCMLIII) is a common year starting on Thursday. ... Arthur Art Babbitt (October 8, 1907 - March 4, 1992) was a Disney animator. ... 1955 (MCMLV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Others

• Dinner Time (1928), Paul Terry and John Foster, Van Beuren Studios
• Room Runners (1932), Ub Iwerks
• The Mouse of Tomorrow (1942), Eddie Donnelly, Terrytoons
• The Pink Phink (1964), Friz Freleng, DePatie-Freleng Enterprises

Dinner Time is a 1928 animated short subject produced and directed by Paul Terry and co-directed by John Foster. ... 1928 (MCMXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... Mighty Mouse, the signature character of the studio. ... Van Beuren Studios was an animation studio that produced theatrical cartoons from 1928-1936. ... A promotional poster Flip the Frog is an animated cartoon character created by American cartoonist Ub Iwerks. ... 1932 (MCMXXXII) is a leap year starting on Friday. ... A publicity photograph (circa 1929) of Ub Iwerks and his most famous co-creation, Mickey Mouse. ... Mighty Mouse is an animated superhero mouse character created by the Terrytoons studio. ... This article is about the year. ... Mighty Mouse, the signature character of the studio. ... The Pink Phink, released on December 18, 1964, was the first Pink Panther animated short released by United Artists and produced at DePatie-Freleng Enterprises. ... For the Nintendo 64 emulator, see 1964 (Emulator). ... Isadore Friz Freleng (August 21, 1905–May 26, 1995) was an animator, cartoonist, director, and producer best known for his work on the Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies series of cartoons from Warner Bros. ... DePatie-Freleng Enterprises (sometimes abbreviated to DFE) was a Hollywood-based animation production company, active from 1963 to 1981. ...

References

• Barrier, Michael (1999): Hollywood Cartoons. Oxford University Press.
• Maltin, Leonard (1987): Of Mice and Magic: A History of American Animated Cartoons. Penguin Books.
• Solomon, Charles (1994): The History of Animation: Enchanted Drawings. Outlet Books Company.

See also

• Walt Disney Productions
• Termite Terrace
• Fleischer Studios
• Walter Lantz Studio
• United Productions of America

The Walt Disney Company (most commonly known as Disney) (NYSE: DIS) is one of the largest media and entertainment corporations in the world. ... Termite Terrace is the nickname for an old building on Sunset Boulevard, Hollywood, Los Angeles, California, USA where Looney Tunes were created frm 1935 to 1937. ... Fleischer Studios, Inc. ... Walter Lantz Studio was an American animation studio. ... The UPA opening title card from How Now Boing Boing (1954) The legacy of the United Productions of America animation studio, better known as UPA, has largely been forgotten in the wake of the animation renaissance of the 1990s; it has been overshadowed by the commercialization of Warner Bros. ...

External links

• GoldenAgeCartoons.com
• Cartoon Research