NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Google bomb

A Google bomb (also referred to as a 'link bomb') is Internet slang for a certain kind of attempt to influence the ranking of a given page in results returned by the Google search engine, often with humorous or political intentions.^[1] Because of the way that Google's algorithm works, a page will be ranked higher if the sites that link to that page use consistent anchor text. A Google bomb is created if a large number of sites link to the page in this manner. Google bomb is used both as a verb and a noun. The phrase "Google bombing" was introduced to the New Oxford American Dictionary in May 2005.^[2] Google bombing is closely related to spamdexing, the practice of deliberately modifying HTML pages to increase the chance of their being placed close to the beginning of search engine results, or to influence the category to which the page is assigned in a misleading or dishonest manner. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... George Walker Bush (born July 6, 1946) is the 43rd and current President of the United States, inaugurated on January 20, 2001. ... Michael Francis Moore (born April 23, 1954) is an American political-activist, a film director, author, social commentator, and political humorist. ... Ttyl redirects here. ... This article is about the corporation. ... This article is about search engines. ... In mathematics, computing, linguistics, and related disciplines, an algorithm is a finite list of well-defined instructions for accomplishing some task that, given an initial state, will terminate in a defined end-state. ... Anchor text is the visible text in a hyperlink. ... It has been suggested that Verbal agreement be merged into this article or section. ... In linguistics, a noun or noun substantive is a lexical category which is defined in terms of how its members combine with other grammatical kinds of expressions. ... The New Oxford American Dictionary (NOAD) is a single-volume dictionary of North American English by the American editors at the Oxford University Press. ... Spamdexing or search engine spamming is the practice of deliberately creating web pages which will be indexed by search engines in order to increase the chance of a website or page being placed close to the beginning of search engine results, or to influence the category to which the page... HTML, short for Hypertext Markup Language, is the predominant markup language for web pages. ...

The term Googlewashing was coined in 2003 to describe the use of media manipulation to change the perception of a term, or push out competition from search engine results pages (SERPs).^[3] Media manipulation is an aspect of public relations in which partisans create an image or argument that favours their particular interests. ... A typical Search Engine Results Page (SERP) A search engine results page, or SERP, is the listing of web pages returned by a search engine in response to a keyword query. ...

History

The first Google bomb known about by a significant number of people was the one that caused the search term "more evil than Satan himself" to bring up the Microsoft homepage as the top result. Numerous people have made claims to having been responsible for the Microsoft Google bomb, though none have been verified.^[4] Microsoft Corporation, (NASDAQ: MSFT, HKSE: 4338) is a multinational computer technology corporation with global annual revenue of US$44. ...

In September of 2000 the first Google bomb with a verifiable creator was created by Hugedisk Men's Magazine, a now-defunct online humor magazine, when it linked the text "dumb motherfucker" to a site selling George W. Bush-related merchandise. A Google search for this term would return the pro-Bush online store as its top result.^[5] Hugedisk had also unsuccessfully attempted to Google bomb an equally derogatory term to bring up an Al Gore-related site. After a fair amount of publicity the George W. Bush-related merchandise site retained lawyers who sent a cease and desist letter to Hugedisk, thereby ending the Google bomb.^[6] This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Year 2000 (MM) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full 2000 Gregorian calendar). ... George Walker Bush (born July 6, 1946) is the 43rd and current President of the United States, inaugurated on January 20, 2001. ... This article is about the former Vice President of the United States. ... Cease-and-desist is a legal term meaning essentially stop: It is used in demands for a person or organization to stop doing something (to cease and desist from doing it). ...

On April 6, 2001 in an article in the online magazine uber.nu Adam Mathes is credited with coining the term "Google Bombing." In the article Mathes details his connection of the search term "talentless hack" to the website of his friend Andy Pressman by recruiting fellow webloggers to link to his friend's page with the desired term.^[7] However, Archimedes Plutonium is known to have used the phrase "search engine bombing" (and variants, including "searchengine bombing" and "searchenginebombed") on Usenet as early as 1997^[8]. is the 96th day of the year (97th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For a list of other Usenet personae, see Notable Usenet personalities. ... Usenet (USEr NETwork) is a global, decentralized, distributed Internet discussion system that evolved from a general purpose UUCP architecture of the same name. ...

Other effects

In some cases, the phenomenon has produced competing attempts to use the same search term as a Google bomb. As a result, the first result at any given time varies, but the targeted sites will occupy all the top slots using a normal search instead of "I'm feeling lucky," a special button on Google's interface that sends the user straight to the top site in the search.

Other search engines use similar techniques to rank results, so Yahoo!, AltaVista, and HotBot are also affected by Google bombs. A search for "miserable failure" or "failure" on September 29, 2006 brought up the official George W. Bush biography number one on Google, Yahoo! and MSN and number two on Ask.com. On June 2, 2005, Yooter reported that George Bush is now ranked first for the keyword 'miserable', 'failure' and 'miserable failure' in both Google and Yahoo!. And on September 16, 2005, Marissa Mayer wrote on Google Blog about the practice of Google bombing and the word "failure." (See Google's response below). Other large political figures have been targeted for Google bombs: on January 6, 2006, Yooter reported that Tony Blair is now indexed in the U.S. and UK versions of Google for the keyword 'liar'. Only a few search engines, such as Ask.com, MetaCrawler and ProFusion, do not produce the same first links as the rest of the search engines. MetaCrawler and ProFusion are metasearch engines which use multiple search engines. â€œYahooâ€ redirects here. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Hotbot Hotbot was one of the early Internet search engines and was launched in May 1996 as a service of Wired Magazine. ... is the 272nd day of the year (273rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... George Walker Bush (born July 6, 1946) is the 43rd and current President of the United States, inaugurated on January 20, 2001. ... is the 153rd day of the year (154th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 259th day of the year (260th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Google, Inc. ... is the 6th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... For other people of the same name, see Tony Blair (disambiguation) Anthony Charles Lynton Blair (born May 6, 1953)[1] is the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, First Lord of the Treasury, Minister for the Civil Service, Leader of the Labour Party, and Member of Parliament for the constituency... Look up Index in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... This article is about the corporation. ... A keyword in an Internet search is one of the words used to find matching web pages. ... Ask. ... MetaCrawler is a metasearch engine that blends the top web search results from Google, Yahoo!, Live Search (formerly MSN Search), Ask. ... A meta-search engine is a search engine that sends user requests to several other search engines and/or databases and returns the results from each one. ...

The BBC, reporting on Google bombs in 2002, actually used the headline "Google Hit By Link Bombers"^[9], acknowledging to some degree the idea of "link bombing." In 2004, the Search Engine Watch site suggested that the term should be "link bombing" because of its application beyond Google, and continues to use that term as it is considered more accurate.^[10] For other uses, see BBC (disambiguation). ... Search Engine Watch is a website providing many reviews and tips about internet search engines. ... Jargon redirects here. ...

Google's response

Google defends its search algorithm as generally effective and an accurate reflection of opinion on the Internet. They further state that, though some may be offended by the links which appear as the result of Google bombs, that Google has little or no control over the practice and will not individually edit search results due to the fact that a bomb may have occurred.

Marissa Mayer, Director of Consumer Web Products for Google, wrote on the official Google Blog in September 2005:^[11] Marissa Ann Mayer is the Vice President of Search Product and User Experience at American search engine company Google. ...

On January 25th, 2007 Google announced on its official Google Webmaster Central blog that they now have "an algorithm that minimizes the impact of many Googlebombs."^[12] January 25 is the 25th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ...

Motivations

Competitions

In May 2004, the websites Dark Blue and SearchGuild teamed up to create what they termed the "SEO Challenge" to Google bomb the phrase "nigritude ultramarine". Nigritude ultramarine is a term created by SearchGuild to test methods and best approaches for search engine optimization (the process of modifying a web pages contents and links to ensure a high ranking in a search engine). ...

The contest sparked controversy around the Internet, as some groups worried that search engine optimization (SEO) companies would abuse the techniques used in the competition to alter queries more relevant to the average user. This fear was offset by the belief that Google would alter their algorithm based on the methods used by the Google bombers. A typical search results page Search engine optimization (SEO) is the process of improving the volume and quality of traffic to a web site from search engines via natural (organic or algorithmic) search results. ... This article is about the corporation. ...

In September 2004, another SEO contest was created. This time, the objective was to get the top result for the phrase "seraphim proudleduck". A large sum of money was offered to the winner, but the competition turned out to be a hoax. This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Seraphim proudleduck is a term made up by Salmonbones Google contest (no longer online) to test methods and best approaches for search engine optimization (the process of modifying a web pages contents and links to ensure a high ranking in a search engine). ...

In .net magazine, Issue 134, March 2005, a contest was created among five professional web site developers to make their site the number one listed site for the made-up phrase "crystalline incandescence". .net is a monthly Internet magazine published in the UK by and published by Future Publishing. ...

Political activism

Some of the most famous Google bombs are also expressions of political opinion (e.g. "liar" leading to Tony Blair or "miserable failure", or even simply "failure" leading to the White House's biography of George W. Bush). In general, one of the keys to Google's popularity has been its ability to capture what ordinary web citizens believe to be important via the information provided in webpage links. However, Google is reluctant to stop organized or commercial exploitation of their algorithms. Screenshot of the Google search results for Miserable Failure as of March 2007 During the 2004 U.S. Presidential Election, Google bombs were used to further various political agendas. ...

One extremely successful, long-lasting and widespread link bomb has been the linking of the term "Scientology" to Operation Clambake. In this case, the index rating clearly emerges from both the individual decisions of pagewriters and reporters and an organized effort led by Operation Clambake itself. The Church of Scientology has also sometimes been accused of an attempt at Google bombing for making a large number of websites linking terms "Scientology" and "L. Ron Hubbard" to each other.^[13] Doctrine Practices Concepts People Public outreach Organization Controversy Scientology is a body of beliefs and related practices created by American pulp fiction author L. Ron Hubbard in 1952 as an outgrowth of his earlier self-help system, Dianetics. ... Operation Clambake Operation Clambake (xenu. ... Scientology cross Symbol Doctrine Practices Concepts People Public outreach Organization Controversy The Church of Scientology is the largest religious organization devoted to the practice and the promotion of the Scientology belief system. ... Lafayette Ronald Hubbard (March 13, 1911 â€“ January 24, 1986), better known as L. Ron Hubbard, was an American author in numerous pulp fiction genres[2][3][4][5] as well as a prolific writer of non-fiction[6][7] works, creator of Dianetics, and founder of the Church of Scientology. ...

In 2003, Steven Lerner, creator of Albino Blacksheep, created a parody webpage entitled "French Military Victories." When typed into Google, the first result leads to a page that resembles Google, which reads, "Your search - French military victories - did not match any documents. Did you mean French military defeats?" The page proved to be quite popular, as it received over 50,000 hits within 18 hours of its release. Links near the top of the page lead to a simplified list of French military history. The page is still first in results for "French military victories."^[14] Steven Lerner, also known as Sners, is a Canadian web developer. ... GOOGLE is a popular website based in Toronto, Ontario that posts humorous and artistic member-submitted digital media. ... In contemporary usage, a parody (or lampoon) is a work that imitates another work in order to ridicule, ironically comment on, or poke some affectionate fun at the work itself, the subject of the work, the author or fictional voice of the parody, or another subject. ...

In 2004, Jewish writer and activist Daniel Sieradski urged visitors to his blog to link to the Wikipedia article for "Jew" in response to findings that a search for "Jew" returned the anti-Semitic website Jew Watch at the top of the results. The campaign was successful in displacing the site from the top result, although www.jewwatch.org still appears on the first page of search results.^[15] In the same year the Persian Gulf naming dispute was the subject of a Google bomb by an Iranian blogger named Pendar Yousefi. [3] [4][5] Daniel Sieradski (b. ... The Eternal Jew: 1937 German poster. ... Jew Watch is an antisemitic[1] website that describes itself as â€œThe Internets Largest Scholarly Collection of Articles on Jewish History. ... Map of the Persian Gulf. ... The term Blogger may refer to: A blogger, someone who maintains a weblog. ...

Another campaign was organized by columnist Dan Savage after former US Senator Rick Santorum made several controversial statements regarding homosexuality. The Google bombing was part of Savage's campaign to start using the word "santorum" for a sexual term, and propelled the website created for that purpose to a high result for "santorum".^[16] Dan Savage speaking at Bradley University Daniel Keenan Savage (born October 7, 1964[1] near Chicago, Illinois, United States) is an openly gay American sex advice columnist, author, media pundit, journalist, and newspaper editor. ... â€œSantorumâ€ redirects here. ... Homosexuality refers to sexual interaction and / or romantic attraction between individuals of the same sex. ...

In France, groups opposing the DADVSI copyright bill, proposed by minister Renaud Donnedieu de Vabres, mounted a Google bombing campaign linking ministre blanchisseur ("laundering minister") to an article recalling Donnedieu de Vabres' conviction for money laundering. The campaign was so efficient that, as of 2006, merely searching for ministre ("minister") or blanchisseur ("launderer") brings up a news report of his conviction as one of the first results.^[17] Coat of Arms of the French Republic DADVSI is the abbreviation of the French language Loi sur le droit dauteur et les droits voisins dans la sociÃ©tÃ© de linformation (in English: law on authors rights and related rights in the information society). It is a bill... Renaud Donnedieu de Vabres is Frances Minister of Culture since 2003. ... Money laundering is the practice of engaging in financial transactions in order to conceal the identity, source and destination of the money in question. ... 2006 is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

In the 2006 US midterm elections, many left-wing bloggers, led by MyDD.com, banded together to propel neutral or negative articles about many Republican House candidates to the top of Google searches for their names.^[1] Right-wing bloggers responded similarly.^[18] Federal courts Supreme Court Chief Justice Associate Justices Elections Presidential elections Midterm elections Political Parties Democratic Republican Third parties State & Local government Governors Legislatures State Courts Counties, Cities, and Towns Other countries â€¢ Politics Portal The 2006 United States midterm elections were held on Tuesday, November 7, 2006. ...

In 2004, after the controversy that erupted in the Philippines over the allegations that President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo had cheated in the elections, the phrase "pekeng pangulo" ("fake president") was linked to her official website.

In November 2006, a local environmental group on Saipan, Beautify CNMI!, decried the high PageRank of Saipansucks.com, a site critical of Saipan's social and political life, and the fact that anyone who searched with the keyword "Saipan" could find the website in the top-ten search result positions. The group published a plan to counter the website's ranking through a campaign of linkspamming via Googlebombing and text anchoring.^[19] ^[20]^[21] Environmentalism is the support or involvement with the environmental movement by environmentalists. ... Saipan seen from the air A map of Saipan, Tinian & Aquijan Saipan (IPA: in English) is the largest island and capital of the United States Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI), a chain of 15 tropical islands belonging to the Marianas archipelago in the western Pacific Ocean (15Â°10... How PageRank Works PageRank is a link analysis algorithm that assigns a numerical weighting to each element of a hyperlinked set of documents, such as the World Wide Web, with the purpose of measuring its relative importance within the set. ... Saipansucks. ... A keyword in an Internet search is one of the words used to find matching web pages. ... Link spam (also called blog spam or comment spam) is a form of spamming or spamdexing that recently became publicized most often when targeting weblogs (or blogs), but also affects wikis (where it is often called wikispam), guestbooks, and online discussion boards. ... Anchor text is the visible text in a hyperlink. ...

In January 2007, Google announced they altered their search engine algorithm to significantly reduce the effectiveness of the technique.^[22]

In March 2007, the Washington Post reported that Nikolas Schiller was able to Google bomb "Redacted Name" to highlight his website's block on search engines.^[23] Schiller is also responsible for being the first person to create Google Bomb for Google Maps StreetView feature. While not a link bomb, his StreetView I.E.D. is an animation that simulates an Improvised explosive device detonating on Bush Street in San Francisco. Google Maps (for a time named Google Local) is a free web mapping service application and technology provided by Google that powers many map-based services including the Google Maps website, Google Ride Finder and embedded maps on third-party websites via the Google Maps API. It offers street maps... Munitions rigged for an IED discovered by Iraqi police in Baghdad, November 2005. ... This page is a candidate for speedy deletion. ...

In June of that year, the Google bomb emerged in New Zealand politics. Various online blogs in New Zealand reported the search term "clueless" on Google's New Zealand search function, when limited to New Zealand results, returns a link directly to the website of the National Party'sleader, John Key. For the American politician, see John A. Key. ...

Commercial bombing

Some website operators have adapted Google bombing techniques to do spamdexing. This includes, among other techniques, posting of links to a site in an Internet forum along with phrases the promoter hopes to associate with the site (see Spam in blogs). Unlike conventional message board spam, the object is not to attract readers to the site directly, but to increase the site's ranking under those search terms. Promoters using this technique frequently target forums with low reader traffic, in hopes that it will fly under the moderators' radar. Wikis in particular are often the target of this kind of page rank vandalism, as all of the pages are freely editable. Spamdexing or search engine spamming is the practice of deliberately creating web pages which will be indexed by search engines in order to increase the chance of a website or page being placed close to the beginning of search engine results, or to influence the category to which the page... Spamdexing or search engine spamming is the practice of deliberately creating web pages which will be indexed by search engines in order to increase the chance of a website or page being placed close to the beginning of search engine results, or to influence the category to which the page... A typical Internet forum discussion, with common elements such as quotes and spoiler brackets A page from a forum showcasing emoticons and Internet slang An Internet forum is a web application for holding discussions and posting user generated content. ... Spam in blogs (also called simply blog spam or comment spam) is a form of spamdexing. ... Look up Wiki in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

Another technique is for the owner of an Internet domain name to set up the domain's DNS entry so that all subdomains are directed to the same server. The operator then sets up the server so that page requests generate a page full of desired Google search terms, each linking to a subdomain of the same site, with the same title as the subdomain in the requested URL. Frequently the subdomain matches the linked phrase, with spaces replaced by underscores or hyphens. Since Google treats subdomains as distinct sites, the effect of a large number of subdomains linking to each other is a boost to the PageRank of those subdomains and of any other site they link to. The term domain name has multiple related meanings: A name that identifies a computer or computers on the internet. ... It has been suggested that this article be split into multiple articles. ... In the Domain Name System (DNS) hierarchy, a subdomain is a domain that is part of a larger domain. ... A Uniform Resource Locator, URL (spelled out as an acronym, not pronounced as earl), or Web address, is a standardized address name layout for resources (such as documents or images) on the Internet (or elsewhere). ... The underscore _ is the character with ASCII value 95. ... This article is about the punctuation mark. ... How PageRank Works PageRank is a link analysis algorithm that assigns a numerical weighting to each element of a hyperlinked set of documents, such as the World Wide Web, with the purpose of measuring its relative importance within the set. ...

On 2 February 2007, many have noticed changes in the Google algorithm that largely affects, among other things, Google bombs: only roughly 10% of the Google bombs worked as of 15 February 2007. This is largely due to Google refactoring its valuation of PageRank.^[24] is the 33rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 46th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ...

Quixtar's bomb

Quixtar, a multi-level marketing company, has been accused by its critics of using its large network of websites to move sites critical of Quixtar lower in search engine rankings. A Quixtar IBO reports that a Quixtar leader advocated the practice in a meeting of Quixtar IBO's. Quixtar denies wrongdoing and states that its practices are in accordance with search engine rules.^[25] Quixtar is a multi-level marketing or network marketing company, founded on September 1, 1999. ...

One weblog has engaged in anti-Quixtar Google bombing, and openly advocates the practice.^[26]

See also

Adversarial information retrieval (adversarial IR) is a topic in information retrieval that addresses tasks such as gathering, indexing, filtering, retrieving and ranking information from collections wherein a subset has been manipulated maliciously. ... Google juice is jargon for the the ability or power of a website to turn up in Google searches. ... A Googlewhack is a Google search query consisting of two words, that returns a single result. ... Spamdexing or search engine spamming is the practice of deliberately creating web pages which will be indexed by search engines in order to increase the chance of a website or page being placed close to the beginning of search engine results, or to influence the category to which the page... Link doping refers to the practice and effects of embedding a large number of gratuitous hyperlinks on a website in exchange for return links. ... Please wikify (format) this article as suggested in the Guide to layout and the Manual of Style. ... Screenshot of the Google search results for Miserable Failure as of March 2007 During the 2004 U.S. Presidential Election, Google bombs were used to further various political agendas. ...

References

The New York Times is a daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed internationally. ... is the 299th day of the year (300th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... May 16 is the 136th day of the year (137th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 29th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Andrew Orlowski (born 1966) is a British columnist for the online IT newspaper The Register. ... is the 93rd day of the year (94th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 6th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 77th day of the year (78th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also see: 2002 (number). ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 29th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 25th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2001 (MMI) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 2001 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 26th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 26th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2001 (MMI) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 2001 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 27th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 96th day of the year (97th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2001 (MMI) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 2001 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 260th day of the year (261st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the band, see 1997 (band). ... is the 72nd day of the year (73rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also see: 2002 (number). ... is the 72nd day of the year (73rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 35th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 327th day of the year (328th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Advanced Stream Redirector (ASX) format is a type of XML metafile designed to store a list of Windows Media files to play during a multimedia presentation. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 332nd day of the year (333rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 327th day of the year (328th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 27th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 73rd day of the year (74th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

News articles

Categories: Google | Spamming | Internet slang | Search engine optimization | Media manipulation techniques is the 72nd day of the year (73rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also see: 2002 (number). ... is the 22nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 106th day of the year (107th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 165th day of the year (166th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Guardian is a British newspaper owned by the Guardian Media Group. ... is the 191st day of the year (192nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... For other uses, see BBC (disambiguation). ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... This article is about the corporation. ... Eric Emerson Schmidt, Ph. ... Sergey Brin (Russian: ) (born August 21, 1973) is a Russian American entrepreneur. ... For the music producer/manager, see Larry Page (British singer and manager). ... George Reyes George Reyes is the Chief Financial Officer of Google, and a director of BEA Systems and Symantec. ... L. John Doerr (born June 29, 1951 in St. ... John LeRoy Hennessy, the founder of MIPS Computer Systems Inc. ... Arthur D. Levinson (born March 31, 1950 in Seattle, Washington) is President and Chief Executive Officer of Genentech. ... Ann Mather is member of the Board of Directors of Google Inc. ... Paul S. Otellini (born October 12, 1950) is Intel Corporations fifth Chief Executive Officer. ... Ram Shriram served as an officer of Amazon. ... Shirley Marie Tilghman (born Shirley Marie Caldwell, September 17, 1946) was elected Princeton Universityâ€™s first woman president on May 5, 2001, and assumed office on June 15, 2001. ... AdSense is an ad serving program run by Google. ... A Google promotional graphic, highlighting AdWords AdWords is Googles flagship advertising product and main source of revenue. ... Google Analytics (GA) is a free service offered by Google that generates detailed statistics about the visitors to a website. ... Google Base Screenshot Google Base is an online database provided by Google into which any user can add almost any type of content. ... Google Checkout is an online payment processing service provided by Google aimed at simplifying the process of paying for online purchases. ... A Google promotional graphic, highlighting AdWords AdWords is Googles flagship advertising product and main source of revenue. ... Google Apps is a service from Google for using custom domain names with several Google products. ... Viewing the results of a search query in Search Public Events Google Calendar, previously code-named CL2, is a contact- and time-management web application offered by Google. ... For other uses, see Gmail (disambiguation). ... GrandCentral logo GrandCentral is a Google owned internet service that uses VoIP to link a customers phone numbers together. ... Google Groups is a free groups and mailing list service from Google. ... Google Talk is a Windows application for Voice over IP and instant messaging, offered by Google. ... Orkut is an Internet social network service run by Google and named after its creator, Google employee Orkut BÃ¼yÃ¼kkÃ¶kten. ... Google Browser Sync is a free beta product from Google which debuted in Google Labs on June 8, 2006 that allows users of the Firefox web browser to synchronize their settings across multiple computers via the Internet. ... Google Desktops logo Google Desktop is Googles version of the desktop search that runs locally on a Windows XP or Windows 2000 SP3+ PC. The desktop search program allows full text search of all of ones e-mail, computer files, music, photos, chat, and Web pages that... Google Earth is a virtual globe program that was originally called Earth Viewer and was created by Keyhole, Inc. ... Google Gears is a beta service offered by Google to enable access to online services while off-line. ... Google Pack is a one-stop software package that helps you discover, install, and maintain a wide range of essential PC programs,[1] intended for buyers of new PCs. ... Picasa is a computer application for organizing and editing digital photos. ... SketchUp is a 3D modeling program designed for professional architects, civil engineers, filmmakers, game developers, and related professions. ... Google Talk is a Windows application for Voice over IP and instant messaging, offered by Google. ... Google Toolbar in Firefox Google Toolbar is an Internet browser toolbar available for Internet Explorer and Mozilla Firefox (with slightly different features). ... Google Pack is a one-stop software package that helps you discover, install, and maintain a wide range of essential PC programs,[1] intended for buyers of new PCs. ... Google Video logo Google Video is a free video sharing and video search engine service from Google that allows anyone to upload video clips to Googles web servers as well as make their own media available free of charge; some videos are also offered for sale through the Google... Google Web Accelerator is a computer program produced by Google that is designed to speed up web browsing. ... Blogger is a blog publishing system. ... Google Docs & Spreadsheets, sometimes simply called Google Docs [1], is a Web-based word processor and spreadsheet application offered by Google. ... Feedburner is best known for its Atom-to-RSS conversion: you give it an Atom feed URL (e. ... iGoogle (formerly Google Personalized Homepage) is a customizable homepage originally launched in May 2005. ... This article is being considered for deletion in accordance with Wikipedias deletion policy. ... Google Notebook (GN) is a free service offered by Google that provides a simple way to save and organize thoughts when conducting research online. ... Google Video logo Google Video is a free video sharing and video search engine service from Google that allows anyone to upload video clips to Googles web servers as well as make their own media available free of charge; some videos are also offered for sale through the Google... YouTube is a popular video sharing website where users can upload, view and share video clips. ... How PageRank Works PageRank is a link analysis algorithm that assigns a numerical weighting to each element of a hyperlinked set of documents, such as the World Wide Web, with the purpose of measuring its relative importance within the set. ... At the Frankfurt Book Fair in October 2004, Google introduced its Google Print service, now known as Google Book Search. ... Google Desktops logo Google Desktop is Googles version of the desktop search that runs locally on a Windows XP or Windows 2000 SP3+ PC. The desktop search program allows full text search of all of ones e-mail, computer files, music, photos, chat, and Web pages that... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Wikibooks How to search has more about this subject: Google // Google offers a variety of services and tools besides its basic web search. ... Google Maps (for a time named Google Local) is a free web mapping service application and technology provided by Google that powers many map-based services including the Google Maps website, Google Ride Finder and embedded maps on third-party websites via the Google Maps API. It offers street maps... Google News is an automated news aggregator provided by Google Inc. ... Google Patents is a search engine from Google that indexes patents from the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO), which are taken from the original USPTO database (which is in the public domain). ... Google Scholar Logo Google Scholar (GS) is a freely-accessible web search engine that indexes the full-text of scholarly literature across an array of publishing formats and disciplines. ... Google Groups is a free groups and mailing list service from Google. ... Google Video logo Google Video is a free video sharing and video search engine service from Google that allows anyone to upload video clips to Googles web servers as well as make their own media available free of charge; some videos are also offered for sale through the Google... Google is owned by Google, Inc. ... This is a listing of Googles corporate acquisitions, including acquisitions of both companies and individual products. ... It has been suggested that Censorship by Google be merged into this article or section. ... The Google China logo Google China (è°·æŒ, pinyin: gÇ” gÄ“, lit. ... Google. ... Google. ... Google in 1998 This article covers the history of Google, the popular web-based search engine. ... Google has often adopted a light-hearted approach in a variety of circumstances. ... Google Labs is a website demonstrating new Google projects that arent quite ready for prime time. It serves as a testing ground for new services being developed. ... USD redirects here. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... A fiscal year (or financial year or accounting reference date) is a 12-month period used for calculating annual (yearly) financial reports in businesses and other organizations. ... is the 273rd day of the year (274th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... NASDAQ in Times Square, New York City. ... The Source by Greyworld, in the new LSE building Paternoster Square. ... Dont Be Evil is the informal corporate motto (or slogan) for Google, established by Sergey Brin, who claimed it was a powerful and benevolent principle for Google and other organizations â€” corporations in particular. ... This article is about electronic spam. ... // A possible 19th century mass telegraph In the late 19th Century Western Union allowed telegraphic messages on its network to be sent to multiple destinations. ... The Network Abuse Clearinghouse assembles data on what its sponsors see as misuse of the Internet. ... E-mail spam, also known as bulk e-mail or junk e-mail is a subset of spam that involves sending nearly identical messages to numerous recipients by e-mail. ... Address munging is the practice of disguising, or munging, an e-mail address to prevent it being automatically collected and used as a target for people and organizations who send unsolicited bulk e-mail. ... Bulk email software is software that is used to send email in large quantities. ... Dictionary spamming is a spamming technique where spammers attempt to guess E-mail addresses by using a dictionary attack based on adding plausible names as prefixes to known domain names. ... A Directory Harvest Attack or DHA is a technique used by spammers in an attempt to find e-mail addresses. ... A DNS Blacklist, or DNSBL (definition below), is a means by which an Internet site may publish a list of IP addresses that some people may want to avoid and in a format which can be easily queried by computer programs on the Internet. ... A spambot is a program designed to collect, or harvest, e-mail addresses from the Internet in order to build mailing lists for sending unsolicited e-mail, also known as spam. ... A pink contract is an agreement between an email spammer and his Internet service provider. ... An auto-dialer is an electronic device that can automatically dial telephone numbers to communicate between any two points in the telephone, mobile phone and pager networks. ... Flyposting is the act of placing advertising posters or flyers in illegal places. ... Messaging spam, sometimes called SPIM, is a type of spam targeting users of instant messaging services. ... Mobile phone spam is a form of spamming directed at the text messaging service of a mobile phone. ... Newsgroup spam is a type of spamming where the targets are Usenet newsgroups. ... Telemarketing office Telemarketing is a method of direct marketing in which a salesperson uses the telephone to solicit prospective customers to buy products or services. ... VoIP spam is an as-yet-nonexistent problem which has nonetheless received a great deal of attention from marketers and the trade press. ... To prevent e-mail spam, both end users and administrators of e-mail systems use various anti-spam techniques. ... Disposable email addressing (DEA) refers to an alternative way of sharing and managing email addressing. ... Ensuring a valid identity on an e-mail has become a vital first step in stopping spam, forgery, fraud, and even more serious crimes. ... SORBS (Spam and Open Relay Blocking System) is a controversial open proxy and open mail relay DNSBL. It has been augmented with complementary lists that include various other classes of hosts, allowing for customized email rejection by its users. ... SpamCop is a free spam reporting service, allowing recipients of unsolicited bulk email (UBE) and unsolicited commercial email (UCE) to report the offense to the senders Internet Service Provider (ISP), and sometimes their web host. ... The Spamhaus Project is a volunteer effort founded by Steve Linford in 1998 that aims to track e-mail spammers and spam-related activity. ... List poisoning is a tactic for detecting or diverting e-mail spammers by tricking them into including invalid addresses into mailing lists. ... Bayesian spam filtering (pronounced Bays-ee-en, IPA pronunciation: , after Rev. ... Spamdexing or search engine spamming is the practice of deliberately creating web pages which will be indexed by search engines in order to increase the chance of a website or page being placed close to the beginning of search engine results, or to influence the category to which the page... Keyword stuffing is considered to be an unethical Search engine optimization (SEO) technique. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... On the World Wide Web, a link farm is any group of web pages that all hyperlink to every other page in the group. ... A webring in general is a collection of websites from around the Internet joined together in a circular structure. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Doorway pages are web pages that are created to rank high in search engines for particular phrases with purpose to seduce or hoax you to watch another page. ... URL redirection, also called URL forwarding, domain redirection and domain forwarding, is a technique on the World Wide Web for making a web page available under many URLs. ... Link spam (also called blog spam or comment spam) is a form of spamming or spamdexing that recently became publicized most often when targeting weblogs (or blogs), but also affects wikis (where it is often called wikispam), guestbooks, and online discussion boards. ... Sping is short for ping spam. Pings are messages sent from blog and publishing tools to a centralized network service (Ping Server) providing notification of newly published posts or content. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Spam in blogs (also called simply blog spam or comment spam) is a form of spamdexing. ... Referer spam is a kind of spamdexing (spamming aimed at search engines). ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... An advance fee fraud is a confidence trick in which the target is persuaded to advance relatively small sums of money in the hope of realizing a much larger gain. ... A typical lottery scam begins with an unexpected email notification that You have won! a large sum of money in a lottery. ... Make money fast is a title of an electronically forwarded chain letter which became so infamous that the term is now used to describe all sorts of chain letters forwarded over the Internet, by e-mail spam or Usenet newsgroups. ... Microcap stock fraud, also known as microcap fraud, is a form of securities fraud involving stocks of microcap companies, generally defined as having a market capitalization of under $250 million. ... An example of a phishing email, disguised as an official email from a (fictional) bank. ... There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ...

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