|
The Gotha G series was a family of heavy bombers used by the Luftstreitkräfte (Imperial German Air Service) during the First World War. There were five basic variants, designated G.I through G.V. Image File history File links Gothg. ...
An aerospace manufacturer is a company or individual involved in the various aspects of designing, building, testing, selling, and maintaining aircraft, aircraft parts, missiles, rockets, and/or spacecraft. ...
Gothaer Waggonfabrik (Gotha, GWF) was a German manufacturer of rolling stock established in the late nineteenth century at Warnemünde. ...
Carl Oskar Ursinus (March 11, 1877 - July 6, 1952) was a pioneer of German aviation and is remembered mainly for his contributions to sailplane designs and the sport of gliding. ...
The Maiden flight of an aircraft is the first occasion on which an aircraft leaves the ground of its own accord. ...
This is a list of aviation-related events from 1915: Events January January 19 - First Zeppelin raid on the UK by the German Navy. ...
The Luftstreitkräfte or Imperial German Army Air Service (Die Fliegertruppen des deutschen Kaiserreiches), was the over-land air arm of the German military during World War I (1914–1918). ...
The B-52 Stratofortress, a heavy bomber. ...
The Luftstreitkräfte or Imperial German Army Air Service (Die Fliegertruppen des deutschen Kaiserreiches), was the over-land air arm of the German military during World War I (1914–1918). ...
Ypres, 1917, in the vicinity of the Battle of Passchendaele. ...
It is known for its air raids on London, to that degree that other German bombers were incorrectly referred to as Gothas, e.g. the AEG G.IV or the Zeppelin Staaken R.VI. This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ...
The AEG G.IV was a biplane bomber aircraft of World War I developed from the AEG G.III. The further refinements included in this version at last resulted in an aircraft that performed well enough for large-scale production. ...
The Zeppelin-Staaken R.VI was a four-engined German biplane strategic bomber of World War I. The R.VI was the most-produced model of the R (Riesenflugzeug) bombers built by Germany (18 built), and also one of the first closed-cockpit military aircraft. ...
Gotha G.I
In 1914, Oskar Ursinus, the founder and editor of the German flying magazine Flugsport, began designing a large twin-engine seaplane. Ursinus was conscripted into the army in the summer of 1914. In conjunction with military personnel, Ursinus adapted his seaplane design into a Kampfflugzeug ("battle aircraft") intended for ground attack duties. Due to its seaplane heritage, it featured a slender fuselage attached to the upper wing. This unusual arrangement provided excellent views for the three crewmen and broad fields of fire for the gunner. The two 100 hp Benz Bz. II engines were set very close together on the lower wing, thereby minimizing asymmetrical thrust in the event of an engine failure. The engines and crew were protected by 200 kg (440 lb) of armor. Image File history File links GothaGI.jpg‎ source: http://www. ...
Image File history File links GothaGI.jpg‎ source: http://www. ...
Carl Oskar Ursinus (March 11, 1877 - July 6, 1952) was a pioneer of German aviation and is remembered mainly for his contributions to sailplane designs and the sport of gliding. ...
A DeHavilland Single Otter floatplane in Harbour Air livery. ...
HP may refer to: Handley Page Aircraft Company Harry Potter, a series of fantasy novels by British writer J. K. Rowling Hello! Project (H!P), a Japanese pop recording project Hewlett-Packard, a computer and computer peripheral company High Point, North Carolina High potency, a term used in biology, pharmacology...
The prototype, which first flew in January 1915, was difficult to fly, lacking in structural integrity, dangerous to the crew in the event of a crash landing, and underpowered. Nevertheless, the Idflieg issued a contract for series production to Gothaer Waggonfabrik AG, which acquired a license from Ursinus. Gothaer chief engineer Hans Burkhard simplified and refined the design, which was originally known as the "Gotha-Ursinus-Heeresflugzeug," or "GUH," later known as the Gotha G.I or Gotha-Ursinus G.I. The first production aircraft was completed in late July 1915. These aircraft were powered by two 150 hp Benz. Bz. III engines. Gothaer Waggonfabrik built about 20 G.I aircraft before production ceased at the end of the year. The Idflieg (Inspektion der Fliegertruppen - Inspectorate of Flying Troops) was the bureau of the German War Office that oversaw German military aviation prior to and during World War I. Categories: Stub ...
Gothaer Waggonfabrik (Gotha, GWF) was a German manufacturer of rolling stock established in the late nineteenth century at Warnemünde. ...
Gotha G.II The succeeding Gotha G.II was an entirely new biplane designed by Hans Burkhard. It carried a crew of three and a defensive armament of two machine guns. The forward section of the fuselage was skinned in plywood, with the remainder covered in fabric. The fuselage and two very large nacelles were mounted on the lower wing. Each nacelle contained fuel tanks and oil tanks beneath a geared eight-cylinder 220 hp Mercedes D.IV, a derivative of the Mercedes D.III with two additional cylinders. Image File history File links GothaGII.jpg‎ source: http://www. ...
Image File history File links GothaGII.jpg‎ source: http://www. ...
The Mercedes D.III, or F1466 as it was known internally, was a 6-cylinder, liquid cooled inline aircraft engine built by Daimler and used on a wide variety of German aircraft during World War I. The initial versions were introduced in 1914 at 160 hp, but a series of...
The G.II prototype first flew in March 1916. After testing, the design was revised to incorporate a larger three-bay wing, horn-balanced ailerons, modified undercarriage, and a triangular vertical fin. In this configuration, production commenced in April 1916. The G.II entered operational service in the autumn, but was withdrawn from operations in the spring of 1917 after repeated failures of the engine crankshafts. Only 10 G.II aircraft were built.
Gotha G.III The G.II was succeeded by the G.III, which featured a reinforced fuselage with an extra machine gun firing through a ventral trapdoor. The failed eight-cylinder Mercedes D.IV was replaced by the new six-cylinder 260 hp Mercedes D.IVa engine. Most of the 25 G.III aircraft produced were delivered to Kagohl 1, operating in the Balkans. Combat service of the G.III was limited but effective. Its most notable accomplishment came in September 1916, when a formation of G.III aircraft destroyed the railway bridge over the Danube River at Chernavoda, Romania. In September 1917, all surviving aircraft were withdrawn from combat and relegated to training units. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...
Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...
This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...
The Danube (ancient Danuvius, Iranian *dÄnu, meaning river or stream, ancient Greek Istros) is the longest river in the European Union and Europes second longest river. ...
Gotha G.IV
 The cockpit of a Gotha G.IV Experience with the G.III showed that the rear gunner could not efficiently operate both the dorsal and ventral positions. Hans Burkhard's ultimate solution was the “Gotha tunnel,” a trough connecting an aperture in the upper decking with a large opening extending across the bottom of the rear fuselage. The Gotha tunnel allowed a gunner at the dorsal position to depress his gun into the aperture and fire through the fuselage at targets below and behind the bomber. A ventral machine gun could still be mounted. Image File history File links Gothg4. ...
Image File history File links Gothg4. ...
Image File history File links Gotha G controls, taken from Rosebuds WWI and Early Aviation Image Archive. ...
Image File history File links Gotha G controls, taken from Rosebuds WWI and Early Aviation Image Archive. ...
The G.IV introduced other changes. The fuselage was fully skinned in plywood, eliminating the partial fabric covering of the G.III. Furthermore, complaints of poor lateral control, particularly on landing, led to the addition of ailerons on the lower wing.
In November 1916, Gothaer received a production order for 35 aircraft; this was subsequently increased to 50 in February 1917. A further 80 aircraft were ordered from the Siemens-Schuckert Werke (SSW) and 100 from Luft-Verkehrs-Gesselschaft (LVG). These license-built aircraft were slightly heavier and slower than the Gothaer aircraft because the Idflieg specified the use of a strengthened airframe. It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Siemens-Schuckert. ...
In March 1917, the G.IV entered service with Kagohl 1, which was redesignated Kagohl 3 upon receipt of the new machines.
Gotha G.V Operational use of the G.IV demonstrated that the incorporation of the fuel tanks into the engine nacelles was problematic. In a crash landing, the tanks could rupture and spill fuel onto the hot engines. Since landing accidents constituted 75 percent of all operational losses, this problem demanded immediate attention. In response, Gothaer produced the G.V, which housed its fuel tanks in the center of the fuselage. The smaller engine nacelles were mounted on struts above the lower wing. Image File history File links GothaG5. ...
Image File history File links GothaG5. ...
The G.V entered service in August 1917. It offered no performance improvement over the G.IV. Indeed, the G.V was up to 450 kg (992 pounds) heavier than the G.IV due to additional equipment and the use of insufficiently seasoned timber. Furthermore, inferior quality fuel prevented the Mercedes D.IVa engines from producing the rated 260 hp. For these reasons, the G.V generally operated at much lower altitudes than the G.IV.
The Gotha bombers exhibited marginal directional control in single-engine conditions. In February 1918, Gothaer tested a compound tail unit with biplane horizontal stabilizers and twin rudders. The new tail unit, known as the Kastensteuerung, allowed the G.V to fly in a straight line with a single engine at full power. The resulting subvariant, designated G.Va, incorporated the new tail as well as a slightly smaller nose section with an auxiliary nose landing gear. All 25 G.Va aircraft were delivered to Bogohl 3, the new designation for the former Kagohl 3.
The G.Va was replaced in production by the G.Vb, which carried an increased payload and operated at a maximum takeoff weight of 10,031 lb (4,550 kg). To reduce the danger of flipping over during landing, Gothaer introduced the Stossfahrgestell ("shock landing gear"), a tandem two-bogie main landing gear. The Stossfahrgestell proved so effective that it was retrofitted to all G.V aircraft serving with Bogohl 3. Some G.Vb aircraft also had Flettner servo tabs on the ailerons to reduce control forces.
Idflieg ordered 80 G.Vb aircraft, the first being delivered to Bogohl 3 in June 1918. By the Armistice, all 80 aircraft had been completed, but the last batch did not reach the front and was instead delivered directly from the factory to the Allied special commission.
Operation Türkenkreuz
 Contemporary illustration of a Gotha crew in action In late 1916, Germany began planning a daylight bombing offensive against England, designated Operation Türkenkreuz. In anticipation of the campaign, Kagohl (Kampfgeschwader der Obersten Heeresleitung) 3, comprising six Kastas (Kampfstaffel) under the command of Hauptmann Ernst Brandenburg, was formed. Known informally as the Englandgeschwader, Kagohl 3 operated from St. Denis-Westrem and Gonterode, in the Ghent area of German-occupied Belgium. British raids on these bases forced Kagohl 3 to move to Mariakerke and Oostracker. In March and April of 1917, the unit equipped with the first batch of Gotha G.IV aircraft. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 388 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (772 × 1191 pixel, file size: 121 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Légende : Comment opère le bombardier chargé du lancement des bombes à bord dun Gotha allemand, du type de ceux qui prirent part aux r...
Image File history File links Size of this preview: 388 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (772 × 1191 pixel, file size: 121 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Légende : Comment opère le bombardier chargé du lancement des bombes à bord dun Gotha allemand, du type de ceux qui prirent part aux r...
Geography Country Belgium Community Flemish Community Region Flemish Region Province East Flanders Arrondissement Ghent Coordinates , , Area 156. ...
On May 25, 1917, Kagohl 3 sortied 23 Gothas for a daylight raid on London, but two were forced to turn back over the North Sea due to mechanical difficulties. Poor weather forced the remaining bombers to divert to secondary targets at the Channel port of Folkestone and the nearby Army camp at Shorncliffe. The raid resulted in 95 deaths and 195 injuries, mostly in the Folkestone area. Nine RNAS Sopwith Pups engaged the returning bombers near the Belgian coast, shooting one down. Personnel of No 1 Squadron RNAS in late 1914 The Royal Naval Air Service (RNAS) was the air arm of the Royal Navy until near the end of World War I, when it merged with the British Armys Royal Flying Corps (RFC) to form the Royal Air Force. ...
The Sopwith Pup was a single seater biplane fighter aircraft used by Great Britain in the First World War. ...
On June 13, 1917, 18 Gotha bombers carried out the first daylight raid on London, causing 162 deaths and 432 injuries. This was the deadliest air raid of the war. No bombers were shot down. This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ...
On July 7, 1917, 20 Gothas again attacked London, resulting in 54 deaths and 190 injuries. Many of these casualties were caused by falling anti-aircraft shells. One aircraft was shot down.
Between May and August 1917, Kagohl 3 carried out eight daylight raids over England, including three raids on London. Beginning in September, improved British air defenses forced Kagohl 3 to abandon daylight raids. While night raids provided a measure of protection from interceptors and anti-aircraft fire, they greatly complicated navigation and landing. Many damaged aircraft limped back to their airfields, only to be lost in landing accidents.
In December 1917, Kagohl 3 was redesignated Bogohl (Bombengeschwader der Obersten Heeresleitung) 3. Unlike other Boghohls, which consisted of only three Bostas (Bombenstaffel), Bogohl 3 retained its original strength of six staffels. Continued heavy losses forced Bogohl 3 to stand down from combat operations in February 1918.
On the night of May 19, 1918, the Gothas returned to England for the last and largest raid of the war. Bogohl 3 sortied 38 Gothas against London, but suffered heavy losses in the process. Six Gothas were shot down by interceptors and anti-aircraft fire, while a seventh aircraft was lost in a landing accident. After this raid, Gothas operated as tactical bombers against targets on the Western Front.
Gothas carried out a total of 22 raids on England, dropping 186,830 lb (84,745 kg) of bombs for the loss of 61 aircraft.
Postwar use One Gotha G.IV was left by the German forces in Poznań and was captured during the Greater Poland Uprising of 1918 and 1919. Once repaired, the aircraft joined the 21. Eskadra Niszczycielska (21st Destroyer Escadrille) on April 30, 1920. After operational use in the Polish-Soviet War, the aircraft was withdrawn from service in the summer of 1920 due to lack of spare parts. PoznaÅ„ ( ; full official name: The Capital City of PoznaÅ„, Polish: StoÅ‚eczne Miasto PoznaÅ„ (Latin: , German: , Yiddish: פּױזן Poyzn) is a city in west-central Poland with over 578,900 inhabitants (2002). ...
Soldiers of the Greater Polish Army The Greater Poland Uprising of 1918–1919, or Wielkopolska Uprising of 1918–1919 (Polish: powstanie wielkopolskie 1918–19 roku; German: Großpolnischer Aufstand) or Posnanian War was a military insurrection of Poles in the Greater Poland (also called the Grand Duchy of Poznań or...
is the 120th day of the year (121st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
1920 (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday. ...
Combatants Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic Republic of Poland Ukrainian Peoples Republic Commanders Mikhail Tukhachevsky Semyon Budyonny Józef Piłsudski Edward Rydz-Śmigły Strength 950,000 combatants 5,000,000 reserves 360,000 combatants 738,000 reserves Casualties Dead estimated at 100,000...
All other surviving Gotha aircraft were destroyed in accordance with the terms of the Treaty of Versailles. The Treaty of Versailles (1919) was the peace treaty which officially ended World War I between the Allied and Associated Powers and Germany. ...
Operators -
 German Empire -
 Poland Image File history File links Flag_of_the_German_Empire. ...
Motto Gott mit Uns (German: God with usâ€) Anthem Heil dir im Siegerkranz (unofficial) Territory of the German Empire in 1914, prior to World War I Capital Berlin Language(s) Official: German Unofficial minority languages: Danish, French, Frisian, Polish, Sorbian Government Constitutional monarchy Emperor - 1871–1888 William I - 1888 Frederick...
The Luftstreitkräfte or Imperial German Army Air Service (Die Fliegertruppen des deutschen Kaiserreiches), was the over-land air arm of the German military during World War I (1914–1918). ...
Image File history File links Flag_of_Poland. ...
Flag of the Polish Air Force Polish Air Force (Siły Powietrzne Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej, Siły Powietrzne RP). ...
Specifications (Gotha G.V) General characteristics - Crew: 3
- Length: 12.42 m (40 ft 9 in)
- Wingspan: 23.70 m (77 ft 9 in)
- Height: 4.5 m (14 ft)
- Wing area: 89.5 m² (963.6 ft²)
- Empty weight: 2,739 kg (6,039 lb)
- Max takeoff weight: 3,967 kg (8,745 lb)
- Powerplant: 2× Mercedes D.IVa inline engine, 260 hp (191 kW) each
Performance Armament The distance AB is the wing span of this Aer Lingus Airbus A320. ...
In aviation, the Maximum Take-Off Weight (or MTOW) is the maximum weight with which an aircraft is allowed to try to achieve flight. ...
The Mercedes D.IVa was a 6-cylinder, water cooled, inline engine developed in Germany for use in aircraft in 1917. ...
VNO of an aircraft is the V speed which refers to the velocity of normal operation. ...
The maximal total range is the distance an aircraft can fly between takeoff and landing, as limited by fuel capacity in powered aircraft, or cross-country speed and environmental conditions in unpowered aircraft. ...
In aeronautics, the service ceiling is the maximum density altitude where the best rate of climb airspeed will produce a 100 feet per minute climb(twin engine) and 50 feet(single engine) at maximum weight while in a clean configuration with maximum continuous power. ...
The Parabellum MG14 was a 7. ...
External links - Page with several photographs
Related content Comparable aircraft The AEG G.I (originally designated K.I) was a biplane bomber aircraft of World War I. Although it performed poorly, it formed the basis for more successful bombers from AEG, culminating in the AEG G.IV. Ten were built. ...
The AEG G.II was a biplane bomber aircraft of World War I developed from the AEG G.I. With more powerful engines, the twenty-four aircraft built featured performance adequate enough to enable them to see some limited operational use. ...
The AEG G.III was a biplane bomber aircraft of World War I developed from the AEG G.II. Like its predecessor, it was only built in small numbers and saw limited operational use. ...
The AEG G.IV was a biplane bomber aircraft of World War I developed from the AEG G.III. The further refinements included in this version at last resulted in an aircraft that performed well enough for large-scale production. ...
The AEG G.V was a biplane bomber aircraft of World War I, a further refinement of the AEG G.IV. The type was in use saw limited production before the armistice. ...
The Friedrichshafen G.I through G.IV were a series of medium bombers that were designed and manufactured by Flugzeugwerke Friedrichshafen GmBH and were used by the German Imperial Air Service (Luftstreitkräfte) during the First World War for tactical and limited strategic bombing operations. ...
Related lists See also Gotha Raids This list of military aircraft of Germany includes prototype, pre-production, and operational types. ...
// 1914-1918 France Breguet 14 Germany Albatros C.III Rumpler Taube Gotha G AEG G.I AEG G.II AEG G.III AEG G.IV AEG G.V AEG N.I AEG R.I Italy Caproni Ca. ...
Contemporary illustration of a Gotha crew in action Gotha Raids were specific to a phase of aeroplane bombing raids conducted by Germany into Great Britain during the First World War. ...
| Aviation in World War I | Aces · Aircraft of the Entente Powers · Aircraft of the Central Powers · Zeppelins · Category: World War I Aircraft Color Autochrome Lumière of a Nieuport Fighter in Aisne, France 1917 One of the many innovations of World War I, aircraft were first used for reconnaissance purposes and later as fighters and even bombers. ...
This is a list of World War I flying aces by nationality (Number of victories in parentheses). ...
This is a list of military aircraft used by the Entente Powers in World War I. // United Kingdom Fighters & Interceptors AD Scout Airco DH.2 (aka De Havilland DH.2) (1915) Armstrong Whitworth Siskin Bristol F.2 Fighter(April 1917) Morane-Saulnier Type L (1913) (fighter/reconnaissance) Morane-Saulnier Type...
// Fighters and Interceptors Albatros D.I (1916) Albatros D.II (1916) Albatros D.III (1916) Albatros D.V Aviatik C.VI Damiler L.6 Fokker D.I Fokker D.II Fokker D.III Fokker D.IV Fokker D.V Fokker D.VI Fokker D.VII (1918) Fokker D.VIII (aka...
This is an article about Zeppelin airships. ...
| |
Feeds |
Contact