Gotland

Map highlighting the location of Gotlandia
	Land	Götaland
	County	Gotland County
	Area	3,140 km²
	Provincial flower - Swedish - Latin	English ivy Murgröna Hedera helix
	Provincial animal	Hedgehog

County

For current affairs see: Gotland County Map Swedish Provinces, Gotland © Mic, 2003 Released under the GNU Free Documentation License See also: Provinces of Sweden File links The following pages link to this file: Gotlandia User:Mic/Images Categories: GFDL images ... Gotland, coat of arms This image depicts a seal, an emblem, a coat of arms or a crest. ... Sweden was historically divided into four Lands or Landsdelar: Götaland Svealand Österland Norrland Götaland and Svealand were once, in prehistoric times known only in folklore, in fragmentary pieces of foreign sources, in legends which only later chronicles have written about, rival kingdoms before being united under one Crown... Götaland, Gothia, Gothland [1], Gotland (AHD), Gautland or Geatland, is a historical land of Sweden, and was once divided into petty kingdoms. ... A County, or Län, is an administrative and political subdivision of Sweden. ... Gotland County, or Gotlands län, is a County or län of Sweden. ... This article explains the meaning of area as a physical quantity. ... Square kilometre (US spelling: Square kilometer), symbol km², is an SI unit of surface area. ... Latin is the language originally spoken in the region around Rome called Latium. ... Species See text Hedera, English name Ivy (plural, Ivies), is a genus of about 10 species of climbing or ground-creeping evergreen woody plants in the Araliaceae, native in the Atlantic Islands, Europe, North Africa and across Asia east to Japan. ... Genera Atelerix Erinaceus Hemiechinus Mesechinus A hedgehog is any of a wide variety of small quilled mammals of the order Insectivora found through parts of Europe, Asia, Africa, and New Zealand. ... Gotland County, or Gotlands län, is a County or län of Sweden. ...

The island province of Gotlandia is represented by the current administrative entity, Gotland County. The island is also a single municipality.

History

Main article: History of Gotland

Early on Gotland became a commercial center and the town of Visby was a the most important Hanseatic city in the Baltic Sea. The island had in late medieval time twenty tings, each represented at the island-ting, called landsting, by its elected judge. New laws were decided at the landsting, which also took other decisions regarding the island as a whole. The city of Visby and rest of the island was governed separately and a civil war caused by conflicts between the German merchants in Visby and the trading peasants on the countryside had to be put down by King Magnus I of Sweden in 1288. In 1361, Waldemar Atterdag of Denmark invaded the island. Victual Brothers occupied the island in 1394 to set up a stronghold headquarters on their own in Visby. At least Gotland came as a fiefdom to the Teutonic Knights to fight Victual Brothers at their fortified sanctuary. An invasion army of the Teutonic Knights conquered the island in 1398, destroyed Visby and drove the Victual Brothers out of Gotland. The authority of the landsting was successively eroded after the island was occupied by the Teutonic Order, then sold to Eric of Pomerania and after 1449 ruled by Danish governors. In late medieval time the ting consisted of twelve representatives for the farmers, free-holders or tenants. Since the Treaty of Brömsebro in 1645 the island remains under Swedish rule. Visby panorama Visby is a city, founded in the 10th century, on the then independent Baltic Sea island of Gotland, in modern Sweden. ... The foundations of the Hanseatic League (German: Hanse), an alliance of trading cities that for a time in the later Middle Ages and the Early Modern period maintained a trade monopoly over most of Northern Europe and the Baltic, can be seen as early as the 12th century, with the... A ting, also þing or thing, was the governing assembly in Germanic societies, made up of the free men of the community. ... Magnus II of Sweden (1240-1290), often called Ladulås: Barnlock, was king of Sweden from 1275/1280 until his death in 1290. ... Events February 22 - Nicholas IV becomes Pope. ... Events Founding of the University of Pavia, Italy. ... Valdemar Atterdag (c. ... Victual Brothers resp. ... Events Expulsion of the Jews from France. ... Under the system of feudalism, a fiefdom, fief, feud or fee, consisted of heritable lands or revenue-producing property granted by a liege lord in return for a vassal knights service (usually fealty, military service, and security). ... Teutonic Knights, charging into battle. ... Teutonic Knights, charging into battle. ... Events Glendalough monastery, Wicklow Ireland destroyed. ... Eric of Pomerania, Erik af Pommern (Danish title), Erik av Pommern (Erik III) (Norwegian title) or Erik av Pommern (Eric XIII) (Swedish title), was adopted by Margaret I of Denmark and became king of Norway (1389 – 1442), of Denmark (1412 – 1439), and of Sweden and the Kalmar Union (1396 – 1439). ... The Treaty of Brömsebro of August 13, 1645 ended the Torstenson War between Sweden and Denmark-Norway, which had begun in 1643. ... Events January 10 - Archbishop Laud executed on Tower Hill. ...

Geography

Main article: Geography of Gotland

The province of Gotland consists of the islands of Gotland, Fårö, the Karlsö Islands and Gotska Sandön. The main island is located some 90 km off the Swedish mainland. Gotland is the largest island in the Baltic Sea. ... Fårö is a small island just to the north of the island of Gotland. ... The Karlsö Islands are two small Swedish islands close to Gotland, see Stora Karlsö and Lilla Karlsö. ... Gotska Sandön is a Swedish island in the Baltic Sea, situated some 38 kilometres north of Fårö. It is approximately 9 kilometres long and 6 kilometres wide, and its area is approximately 36 km². Gotska Sandön is mostly composed of sand and its scenery is dominated by...

Visby, founded approximately around the year 1000, was the only chartered city of Gotland. Visby panorama Visby is a city, founded in the 10th century, on the then independent Baltic Sea island of Gotland, in modern Sweden. ... For other uses, see number 1000. ... This is a list of cities, towns, and market towns (köpings) in Sweden, that held their town privileges (Stadsprivilegium) by Royal Charter or by being established since ancient times. ...

• National Parks: Gotska Sandön

Culture

Main article: Culture of Gotland Gotska Sandön is a Swedish island in the Baltic Sea, situated some 38 kilometres north of Fårö. It is approximately 9 kilometres long and 6 kilometres wide, and its area is approximately 36 km². Gotska Sandön is mostly composed of sand and its scenery is dominated by... Sweden - Gotland The medieval town of Visby has been entered as a site of the UNESCO World heritage program. ...

The medieval town of Visby has been entered as a site of the UNESCO World heritage program. An impressive feature of Visby is the fortress wall that surrounds the city, dating from the time of the Hanseatic League. Christopher Polhem (1661-1751), the father of Swedish mechanical physics was born in Visby. He was also called the Archimedes of the north. The inhabitants of Gotland traditionally speak a distinct dialect of Swedish, known as Gutnish. The Middle Ages formed the middle period in a traditional schematic division of European history into three ages: the classical civilization of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and modern times, beginning with the Renaissance. ... Visby panorama Visby is a city, founded in the 10th century, on the then independent Baltic Sea island of Gotland, in modern Sweden. ... UNESCO logo The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, commonly known as UNESCO, is a specialized agency of the United Nations system established in 1946. ... Elabana Falls is in Lamington National Park, part of the Central Eastern Rainforest Reserves World Heritage site in Queensland, Australia. ... Christopher Polhem (December 18, 1661_ August 30, 1751) was a Swedish scientist and inventor, born in Visby on the island of Gotland. ... Events January 6 - The fifth monarchy men unsuccessfully attempt to seize control of London. ... Events Adam Smith is appointed professor of logic at the University of Glasgow March 31 - The future King George III of the United Kingdom succeeds his father as Prince of Wales. ... Archimedes (Greek: ΑΡΧΙΜΗΔΗΣ, Arkhimêas) ((287 BCE – 212 BCE) was a Greek mathematician, astronomer, philosopher, physicist and engineer born in the Greek seaport colony of Syracuse. ...

Traditional games of skill like Kubb and Varpa are still played in Gotlandia. Kubb is an outdoor game where the object is to knock over wooden blocks by throwing wooden sticks at them. ... Varpa is an old outdoor game. ...

Heraldry

Main article: Heraldry of Gotlandia

Gotland was granted its arms in 1560, even though the island was at the time occupied by Danish forces. The coat of arms is represented with a dukal coronet. Blazon: "Azure a ram statant Argent armed Or holding on a cross-staff of the same a banner Gules bordered and with five tails of the third." Events February 27 - The Treaty of Berhick, which would expel the French from Scotland, is signed by England and the Congregation of Scotland The first tulip bulb was brought from Turkey to the Netherlands. ...

Dukes of Gotlandia

Since 1772, Swedish Princes have been created Dukes of various provinces. This is solely a nominal title. 1772 was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ...

• Prince Oscar (from his birth in 1859 until his loss of succession rights in 1888)

External links

• Gotland Tourist Site (http://www.gotlandweb.com/)

Prince Oscar of Sweden and Norway, Oscar Carl August (November 15, 1859 - October 4, 1953), Duke of Gotlandia, was the second son of King Oscar II of Sweden and Norway. ... 1859 is a common year starting on Saturday. ... 1888 is a leap year starting on Sunday (click on link for calendar). ...