The Governing Senate (Правительствующий сенат) was a legislative, judicial, and executive body of Russian Monarchs, instated by Peter the Great to replace the Boyar Duma and lasted until the very end of the Empire. It was chaired by Ober-Procurator. Tsar ( Bulgarian цар, Russian царь, listen?; often spelled Czar or Tzar and sometimes Csar or Zar in English), was the title used for the autocratic rulers of the First and Second Bulgarian Empires since 913, in Serbia in the middle of the 14th century, and in Russia from 1547 to... Peter I Emperor and Autocrat of All Russia Peter I (Pyotr Alekseyvich) (9 June 1672–8 February 1725 [30 May 1672–28 January 1725 O.S.1]) ruled Russia from 7 May (27 April O.S.) 1682 until his death. ... For the Sandman character, see Duma (Sandman). ...
The State Council created by the Government reform of Alexander I was supposed to inherit the executive power of the Senate, and an envsioned parliament was to inherit legislative power; however, the reform was never finished. The State Council (Государственный Совет) was the supreme state advisory body to Tsar in Imperial Russia. ... The debating chamber or hemicycle of the European Parliament in Brussels. ...
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The report of the Nominating Committee shall be submitted to the members of the Senate with the advance notice of a meeting of the Senate; said meeting to be held at least two weeks prior to the election.
In case, however, the recalled officer shall be the president of the Senate, the individual shall be replaced by the vice-president of the Senate immediately upon counting of the recall ballots, then the office of vice-president shall be filled as indicated above for recall vacancies.
The secretary shall maintain the files of the Senate, and shall be responsible for carrying on the correspondence pertaining to the affairs of the Senate as directed by the president.
Senators were appointed by the consuls, but since they served for life, by the late republic the Senate became independent of the consuls, with extensive powers.
It was the Senate that authorised the city's chief magistrates, the consuls, to nominate a dictator in a state of emergency.
The Senate survived the end of the Empire in the West, and its last recorded acts were the dispatch of two embassies to the Imperial court of Tiberius II Constantine at Constantinople in 578 and 580.
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