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Encyclopedia > Government Junta of Chile (1810)
Opening session of the First Junta.
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Opening session of the First Junta.

Government Junta of the Kingdom of Chile (September 18, 1810), also known as the First Government Junta, was the form of government established to rule Chile following the deposition and imprisonment of King Ferdinand VII by Napoleon Bonaparte. September 18 is the 261st day of the year (262nd in leap years). ... 1810 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Ferdinand VII (October 14, 1784 - September 29, 1833) was King of Spain from 1813 to 1833. ... Bonaparte as general Napoleon Bonaparte ( 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821) was a general of the French Revolution and was the ruler of France as First Consul (Premier Consul) of the French Republic from November 11, 1799 to May 18, 1804, then as Emperor of the French (Empereur des...


The year 1810 was very complicated politically for the Spanish empire in general, and for Chile in particular. Two years before the King had been imprisoned in France, and replaced by Joseph Bonaparte. In Chile, the Royal Governor Francisco Antonio García Carrasco had been forced to resign due to his ineptitude and corruption, and had been replaced by Mateo de Toro y Zambrano. Joseph Napoleon Bonaparte, King of Naples, King of Spain (January 7, 1768 – July 28, 1844) was the elder brother of the French Emperor Napoleon I, who made him King of Naples (1806–1808) and King of Spain (1808–1813). ... Francisco Antonio García Carrasco Díaz Francisco Antonio García Carrasco Díaz (Ceuta, Spain; December 15, 1742 - Lima, Peru; August 10, 1813) was a Spanish soldier and Royal Governor of Chile. ... Don Mateo de Toro y Zambrano Mateo de Toro Zambrano y Ureta (Santiago, 1727-1811) was a Viscount (1769) and later full Count (1771) of the Conquista. ...


After Mateo de Toro y Zambrano took over as Royal Governor, he was convinced by popular demand to call an open meeting of the leading citizens to decide the political future of the colony. He convened such a meeting for the morning of September 18, 1810. The discussion ended with the conformation of the First Government Junta of Chile. In the discussion triumphed the idea of an independent government as opposed to the monarchist idea of submitting themselves to the control of the Regency Council. Don Mateo de Toro y Zambrano Mateo de Toro Zambrano y Ureta (Santiago, 1727-1811) was a Viscount (1769) and later full Count (1771) of the Conquista. ... September 18 is the 261st day of the year (262nd in leap years). ... 1810 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ...


The Junta started by formally declaring its allegiance to King Ferdinand VII. It then proceded to take some concrete measures: it created a militia for the defense of the kingdom, decreed freedom of trade with all nations that were allied to Spain or neutrals, and in order to increase its representativity, ordered the convocation of a National Congress. Ferdinand VII (October 14, 1784 - September 29, 1833) was King of Spain from 1813 to 1833. ...


It was the earliest step in the Chilean struggle for independence. The Junta lasted until July 4, 1811, when it was replaced by the National Congress, and the Second Junta. For the United States holiday, the Fourth of July, see Independence Day (United States). ... 1811 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Congress building The National Congress (Spanish: Congreso Nacional) is the legislative branch of the government of the Republic of Chile. ...


Members

Position Name
President Mateo de Toro y Zambrano
Vice President José Martínez de Aldunate
Members Juan Enrique Rosales
Juan Martínez de Rozas
Fernando Márquez de la Plata
Ignacio de la Carrera Cuevas
Francisco Javier de Reyna
Secretaries José Gregorio Argomedo
José Gaspar Marín

Don Mateo de Toro y Zambrano Mateo de Toro Zambrano y Ureta (Santiago, 1727-1811) was a Viscount (1769) and later full Count (1771) of the Conquista. ...

See also

This is the history of Chile. ... Combatants Chile Spain Commanders Bernardo OHiggins José de San Martín Unknown Casualties Unknown 1,000 Killed or Wounded, 2,000 Prisoners The independence of Chile from Spain was officially achieved on February 12, 1818. ... Flag of the President of Chile The President of Chile is both the chief of state and the head of government. ...

External links

  • La Aurora de Chile, First Chilean Newspaper (1812) online. (Spanish)
  • Monograph (Spanish)

 

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