The Governor of New France was the head of state representing the King of France in North America. A French noble, he was appointed to govern the colonies of New France, which included Canada, Acadia and Louisiana. The residence of the Governor was at the Château St-Louis in the capital of Québec City. Acadia, Louisiana, the towns of Trois-Rivières and Montréal had their own governors.
Prior to the establishment of the 1663Sovereign Council, the highest positions in New France were that of Governor and Lieutnant-General, which were often held by the same person. The Governor then had responsibilites over both military and civil affairs in the colonies. With the new royal administration of 1663, the title of Governor General was given to the person responsible for the military and diplomatic relations. The administration of justice, police, and finance was given to the Intendant, who presided the Sovereign Council. The Governor General was answering to the French Secretary of State of the Marine and the Controler General of Finance.
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NewFrance (French: la Nouvelle-France) describes the area colonized by France in North America during a period extending from the exploration of the Saint Lawrence River, by Jacques Cartier in 1534, to the cession of NewFrance to the Kingdom of Great Britain in 1763.
The government of the colony was reformed along the lines of the government of France, with the Governor General and Intendant subordinate to the Minister of the Marine in France.
The 1666 census of NewFrance was conducted by France'sintendant, Jean Talon, in the winter of 1665-1666.
France's earliest thrust to claim some of the new world for itself is in the Spring of 1534, when Francis I sends a French sailor, Jacques Cartier, from St-Malo in Brittany on April 20, with sixty-one men.
The expedition is sponsored financially by Henry IV and the Sieur de Monts, the governor of Pons in the Saintonge region of France.
France demands from England the return of NewFrance and Acadia, a demand that is finally acknowledged by the Treaty of St-Germain-en-Laye in 1632.
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