Grad or gorod (Cyrillic: град, город) is a Slavic word for town or city. This is used in names of cities such as Novgorod and Gorodets (Russian), Asenovgrad (Bulgarian: Асеновград) in Bulgaria and Novi Grad in Bosnia. The Cyrillic alphabet (or azbuka, from the old name of the first two letters) is an alphabet used for several East and South Slavic languages; (Belarusian, Bulgarian, Macedonian, Russian, Rusyn, Serbian, and Ukrainian) and many other languages of the former Soviet Union, Asia and Eastern Europe. ...  Countries where a West Slavic language is the national language  Countries where an East Slavic language is the national language  Countries where a South Slavic language is the national language The Slavic languages (also called Slavonic languages), a group of closely related languages of the Slavic peoples and a subgroup... Velikiy Novgorod (Russian: ) is the foremost historic city of North-Western Russia, situated on the M10(E95) federal highway connecting Moscow and St. ... Gorodets (Городец in Russian) is a town in the Nizhny Novgorod Oblast of Central Russia. ... Asenovgrad (Bulgarian Асеновград) is a town in Southern Bulgaria. ... Bosanski Novi, is a town and municipality in northwestern Bosnia and Herzegovina. ... Motto: none Anthem: Intermeco Capital Sarajevo Largest city Sarajevo Official language(s) Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian Government Republic  - Presidency members Sulejman Tihić1 (Bosniak) Borislav Paravac (Serb) Ivo Miro Jović (Croat)  - Chairman of the Council of Ministers Adnan Terzić Independence From Yugoslavia   - Recognized 6 April 1992  Area    - Total 51,197 km...

For the etymology, see gord (Slavic settlement). There are cases when град is transcribed to grade in English even though the literal transliteration from Cyrillic to Latin would be grad, such as Belgrade (Serbian: Београд). In some Slavic languages there is a differently spelt cognate, such as the Russian gorod (город), however some cities and towns in Russia use the form grad (e.g. Volgograd and Zelenogradsk). One particularly prominent example was Saint Petersburg being renamed to Petrograd in 1914 to "sound less German", and then again to Leningrad in 1924 on the death of Vladimir Lenin. The ancient Slavs were known for building wooden fortified settlements. ... Belgrade (Serbian: Београд or Beograd ) is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Serbia. ... The Serbian language is one of the standard versions of the Å tokavian dialect, used primarily in Serbia, Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and by Serbs everywhere. ... (Russian: ), formerly called () (1598–1925) and () (1925–1961) is a city in and the administrative center of Volgograd Oblast, Russia. ... Old postcard of Zelenogradsk Zelenogradsk (Russian: Зеленоградск, German: Cranz, Lithuanian: Krantas, Polish: Kraniec) is a town in the Kaliningrad Oblast in Russia. ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... Lenin redirects here. ...

It should be noted that other Slavic languages do not use grad and have different words for city (e.g. Czech město, Slovak mesto and Polish miasto) — all derived from the Old Slavic word for "place" (cf. Russian mesto). Proto-Slavic is the proto-language from which Old Church Slavonic and other Slavic languages later emerged. ...

See also

• Garðaríki - Varangian name for Kievan Rus, interpreted as "cities"
• List of towns or cities that have grad or a similar form in their name