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Encyclopedia > Graduated
Academic procession during the University of Canterbury graduation ceremony.
Academic procession during the University of Canterbury graduation ceremony.

Graduation is the action of receiving or conferring an academic degree or the associated ceremony. In the United States, it is also used to refer to the advancement from a primary or secondary school level. Many colleges have different traditions associated with the graduation ceremony, the most well known probably being throwing mortarboards in the air. Academic procession at the University of Canterbury graduation ceremony 2004. ... Academic procession at the University of Canterbury graduation ceremony 2004. ... The University of Canterbury is a university located in the suburbs of the city of Christchurch, New Zealand. ... This article is about academic degrees. ... Graduation portrait of Linus Pauling, 1922 A mortarboard is an item of academic headgear consisting of a horizontal square board fixed upon a skull-cap, with a tassel attached to the centre. ...

Contents


United States

Graduation ceremonies in the United States are often orchestrated procedures involving a march of students onto the stage, the reading of speeches, the giving of diplomas, and an official moment when the students are declared graduated, also called the commencement exercise. The march is often set to music, usually Edward Elgar's Pomp and Circumstance March No. 1. In United States colleges and universities the speakers will include the salutatorian, an alumnus of the institution, possibly a famous speaker not associated with the institution, and the valedictorian. The giving of diplomas is usually the longest portion of the ceremony: One by one the graduates come forward as their names and major/minor announced. Each of them is given a diploma by an academic administrator or official such as the dean. It is very common for graduates not to receive their actual diploma at the ceremony but instead a certificate indicating that they participated in the ceremony or a booklet to hold the diploma in. At the high school level this allows teachers to withhold diplomas from students who are unruly during the ceremony, and at the college level this allows students who need an extra quarter or semester to participate in the official ceremony with their classmates. Sir Edward Elgar Sir Edward William Elgar, 1st Baronet, OM, GCVO (2 June 1857 â€“ 23 February 1934) was an English composer, born in the small village of Lower Broadheath outside Worcester, Worcestershire, to William Elgar, a piano tuner and music dealer, and his wife Ann. ... The Pomp and Circumstance Marches, op. ... A college (Latin collegium) can be the name of any group of colleagues; originally it meant a group of people living together under a common set of rules (con-, together + leg-, law). As a consequence members of colleges were originally styled fellows and still are in some places. ... A professor giving a lecture at the Helsinki University of Technology A university is an institution of higher education and of research, which grants academic degrees. ... In the United States and Canada, the title of salutatorian is given to the second highest graduate of the entire graduating class of an educational institution. ... An alumn (with a silent n), alum, alumnus, or alumna is a former student of a college, university, or school. ... In the United States and Canada, the title of valedictorian (an anglicized derivation from the Latin vale dicere to say farewell) is given to the top graduate of the graduating class (compare dux) of an educational institution. ... A diploma (from Greek diploma) is a document issued by an educational institution, such as a university, that is one of the following: A certificate testifying that the recipient has successfully completed a particular course of study, A deed conferring an academic degree. ... An academic administration is a branch of university or college employees responsible for the maintenance and supervision of the institution and separate from the research and teaching faculty. ... In an educational setting, a dean is a person with significant authority . ... High school, or Secondary school, is the last segment of compulsory education in Australia, Canada, Hong Kong, Japan, Malaysia, New Zealand, South Korea, Singapore, Taiwan (Republic of China) (only junior high school), the United Kingdom and the United States. ... In education, teachers are those who teach students or pupils, often a course of study or a practical skill, including learning and thinking skills. ... A college (Latin collegium) can be the name of any group of colleagues; originally it meant a group of people living together under a common set of rules (con-, together + leg-, law). As a consequence members of colleges were originally styled fellows and still are in some places. ... An academic term is a division of a school year, the time during which a school, college or university holds classes. ... An academic term is a division of a school year, the time during which a school, college or university holds classes. ...


At most colleges and universities in the US, the faculty technically will recommend that each candidate be given a degree, which is then formally conferred by the President or other institutional official. Typically, this is accomplished by a pair of short set speeches by a senior academic official and a senior institutional official: "Mr. President, on behalf of the faculty of Letters and Science, I hereby declare that these candidates have met all the requirements for the degree of...and request that such degree be conferred upon them." "Under the authority vested in me by the State of Iowa and the Trustees of Podunk College, I hereby confer upon these candidates the degree of..."


Graduation speech

A graduation speech, in the U.S., is a public speech given by a student or alumnus of a university or university college to a graduating class and their guests. Common themes of the graduation speech include wishing the graduates well in the "real world," cautioning that the world of academe is a special place where they were taught to think (a common variation contradicts this view). Ultimately, the speech is ceremonial, with attempts of humor and little wisdom or insight. Most recently, especially in prestigious institutions, the trend has been to find a celebrity (often one with no apparent connection to the specific institution or education in general) or a politician.


United Kingdom

Many university graduation ceremonies in the United Kingdom begin with a procession of academics, wearing academic dress. This procession is accompanied by music, and a ceremonial mace is often carried. However Pomp and Circumstance is not played, since this is a patriotic hymn. After this, an official reads out the names of the graduands one by one, organised by class of degree or by subject. When their names are called, the graduands walk across the stage to shake hands with a senior official, often the university's nominal chancellor or the more important vice-chancellor, and receive their degree certificate. Graduands usually wear the academic dress of the degree they are receiving. There are some exceptions to this rule; for example serving members of the armed forces may wear their military uniform. Some of the older universities may hold their graduation ceremonies in Latin, whilst member institutions of the University of Wales hold their graduation ceremonies almost entirely in the Welsh language, even though barely any students understand either of these languages. Full dress bachelors gown, with hood and cap The traditional BA gown and hood from Cambridge University, which formed the basis of academic dress at many other English-speaking Universities The University Officers in charge of the degree ceremony at Cambridge An alternative coloured gown Academic dress or academical... This article needs cleanup. ... The Pomp and Circumstance Marches, op. ... Land of Hope and Glory, also known as Pomp And Circumstance, is an English patriotic song. ... A Graduand is a University student who has finished their studies, but who has not yet fully graduated. ... Chancellor (Latin: cancellarius), an official title used by most of the peoples whose civilization has arisen directly or indirectly out of the Roman empire. ... A Vice-Chancellor (commonly called the VC) of a university in the United Kingdom, other Commonwealth countries, and some universities in Hong Kong, is the de facto head of the university. ... Full dress bachelors gown, with hood and cap The traditional BA gown and hood from Cambridge University, which formed the basis of academic dress at many other English-speaking Universities The University Officers in charge of the degree ceremony at Cambridge An alternative coloured gown Academic dress or academical... The armed forces of a state are its government sponsored defense and fighting forces and organizations. ... This page describes uniform in the sense of clothing. ... Latin is the language originally spoken in the region around Rome called Latium. ... The University of Wales, or Prifysgol Cymru in Welsh, is a federal university founded in 1893. ... Welsh redirects here, and this article describes the Welsh language. ...


University of Cambridge

At the University of Cambridge, however, each graduation is a separate act of the university's governing body, the Regent House, and must be voted on as with any other act. First an official will propose (in Latin) that the graduands be admitted to the relevant degree; a vote is then taken, although in practice only one vote will be cast, and that in favour. Next, the graduands come forward in groups of four and kneel before the Vice-Chancellor, who wears a special graduation cape, place their hands within his (a relic of the mediaeval pledge of fealty), and are told in Latin that they are admitted to their degrees. (In practice the head of the a college, often that of the graduands themselves, always deputises for the Vice-Chancellor.) The graduands always wear the academic dress that they were entitled to before graduating: for example, most students becoming Bachelors of Arts wear undergraduate gowns. The University of Cambridge is the second-oldest university in the English-speaking world, with one of the most selective entry requirements in the United Kingdom. ... Latin is the language originally spoken in the region around Rome called Latium. ... Roland pledges his fealty to Charlemagne; from a manuscript of a chanson de geste. ... In some educational systems, an undergraduate is a post-secondary student pursuing a Bachelors degree. ...


Other countries

See also


  Results from FactBites:
 
Encyclopedia4U - Gradualism - Encyclopedia Article (182 words)
Gradualism is a biological concept that refers to the type of change that characterizes biological evolution.
Gradualism holds that evolution occurs through the accumulation of slight modifications over a period of generations.
Gradualism holds that every individual is the same species as its parents, and that there is no clear line of demarcation between the old species and the new species.
Phyletic gradualism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (169 words)
Phyletic gradualism is a macroevolutionary hypothesis rooted in uniformitarianism.
It holds that the species is not a fixed type, and that the population, not the individual, evolves.
Phyletic gradualism has been largely deprecated as the exclusive pattern of evolution by modern evolutionary biologists in favor of the acceptation of occurrence of patterns such as those described on punctuated equilibrium, quantum evolution, and punctuated gradualism.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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