Ayatollah Sayyid Husayn Borujerdi (آیت‌الله سیدحسين بورجردی in Persian, 1914 -2003) was a Grand Shiite ayatollah. His given name is of that of Husayn bin Ali, the first Imam and son-in-law of the prophet Muhammad. Sayyid is an honorific denoting his descent from the prophet. Persian (فارسی / پارسی), (local name in Iran/Persia, Afghanistan and Tajikistan: ‘Fârsi’), ‘Pârsi’ (older local name, but still used by some speakers), Tajik (a Central Asian dialect) or Dari (another local name in Tajikistan and Afghanistan), is a language spoken in Iran, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, western Pakistan, Bahrain, and elsewhere. ... 1914 is a common year starting on Thursday. ... 2003 is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Shia Islam (Arabic: or follower. ... Ayatollah (Arabic: آية الله; Persian: آيت‌الله) is a high title given to major Shia clergymen. ... Husayn ibn Ali ibn Abu Talib (c. ... Imam is an Arabic word meaning Leader. The ruler of a country might be called the Imam, for example. ... Muhammad is a common Muslim male name. ... Sayyid (Arabic: سید also rendered as Sayed, in Malaysia and South Asia, also Syed, or Saiyed) is an honorific title often given to descendants of Muhammad through his grandsons, Hussain and Hassan. ...

Education and academic specialties

Burojerdi was born in Borujerd in Lorestan, Iran, hence the surname. Borujerd is a city in the Lorestan province in western Iran. ... Falak-ol-aflak, built by the Sassanids, is almost 1800 years old. ...

In his youth, Burorjerdi studied under a number of Shiite masters of Islamic jurisprudence such as Akhund Khurasani and Aqa Zia Iraqi, and specialized in fiqh. He studied the fiqahat of all the Islamic schools of thought, not just his own, along with the science of rijal Though he is known for citing Masoomeen to support many of his deductions, Burojerdi is known for elucidating many aspects himself and is an influential fiqh jurist in his own right. He has had a strong influence on Islamic scholars like Morteza Motahhari and Ayatullah Shaikh Husain Muntadhar. Islamic jurisprudence, Fiqh (in Arabic and Persian: فقه) is made up of the rulings of Islamic scholars to direct the lives of the Muslim faithful. ... - Islamic jurisprudence, Fiqh (in Arabic and Persian: فقه) is made up of the rulings of Islamic jurists to direct the lives of the Muslim faithful. ... Ayatollah Morteza Motahhari (مرتضی مطهری; February 3, 1920 – May 1, 1979) was an Iranian scholar, cleric, professor, and politician. ...

Tenure as Ayatollah and Marja

Burojirdi revived the hawzah of Qum in 1945 (1364 AH), which had waned aftered the death in 1935 of its founder, Shaykh Abdul Karim Ha'iri. When Sayyid Abul Hassan Isfahani died the following year, the majority of Shi'a accepted Ayatullah Burojerdi as Marja'-e-Taqlid. Categories: Iran geography stubs | Holy cities | Cities in Iran ... 1945 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1935 was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... A marja, or marja-e-taqleed (Arabic and persian مرجع تقليد), literally source of imitation or source of tradition, is the second highest authority on religion and law in Shia Islam after the prophet and (Shia) Imams. ...

Efforts toward Islamic unity

Borujerdi was the first Marja' to look beyond Iraq and Iran. He sent Sayyid Muhaqqiqi to Hamburg, Germany, Aqa-e-Shari'at to Karachi, Pakistan, Al-Faqihi to Madinah and Sayyid Musa Sadr to Lebanon. Hamburg is Germanys second largest city (after Berlin) and, with the Hamburg Harbour, its principal port. ... City of lights Aerial view of Karachi Downtown Karachi (کراچي) is the largest city in Pakistan and the capital of the province of Sindh. ... This article is about the Saudi city of Medina. ...

he established cordial relations with Shaykh Mahmud Shaltut, the grand Shaykh of Al-Azhar. Together, the two scholars established the "House for Bringing Muslim Sects Nearer" in Cairo. Shaltut issued his famous fatwa accepting the Shi'a faith as one of the recognised sects of Islam. Al-Azhar Islamic university in Cairo Egypt Al-Azhar University is connected to the mosque in Cairo named to honor Fatima Az-Zahraa, the daughter of Muhammad, from whom the Fatimid Dynasty claimed descent. ... Although technically in Giza, The Great Pyramids have become a symbol of Cairo internationally Cairo (Arabic: القاهرة; romanized: al-Qāhirah) is the capital city of Egypt (and previously the United Arab Republic) and has a metropolitan area population of approximately 15. ... A fatwa (Arabic: ) plural fatāwa (فتاوى), is a legal pronouncement in Islam, issued by a religious law specialist on a specific issue. ...

Political leanings

Ayatollah Burojirdi passively opposed the Pahlavi regime's agrarian reforms, which he called "agrarian destruction," as in his view, the confiscations of the Pahlavi shahs disrupted the fabric of rural life and eroded religious institutions. The Pahlavi dynasty was the ruling dynasty of Iran from 1925 to 1979, from which two Shahs were drawn. ...

Borujerdi died in Qum on 13th Shawaal 1961. Categories: Iran geography stubs | Holy cities | Cities in Iran ... 1961 was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ...

See also

• List of Ayatollahs
• List of Marjas

This is a list of Ayatollahs: Ayatollah Amini Ayatollah Azari-Ghomi Mohammad Beheshti Grand Ayatollah Borujerdi Sadiq Ehsanbakhsh Mohammad Taqi Bahjat Ayatollah Mohammadi Guilani Mohammed Baqir al-Hakim Grand Ayatollah Muhammad Fazel Lankarani Mahmoud Hashemi Shahroudi Ahmad Jannati Abol-Ghasem Kashani Sadegh Khalkhali Grand Ayatollah Ali Khamenei Grand Ayatollah Abul... This page is an partial list of Marja-e-Taqleedhs followed by Shia Muslims around the world. ...

Sources and external links

http://www.playandlearn.org/reader.asp?Type=Scholars&fn=114