NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Grand Duchy of Hesse

The Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt came into existence in 1568, as the portion of George, youngest of the four sons of Landgrave Philip I of Hesse. With the extinction of the Hesse-Marburg and Hesse-Rheinfels lines by 1604, Hesse-Darmstadt, along with Hesse-Kassel, became one of the two Hessian states. While Hesse-Kassel converted to Calvinism and became one of the most zealous exponents of the Protestant cause in the Thirty Years' War, Landgrave George II remained a strict Lutheran and maintained a close alliance with Saxony, which resulted in a pro-Habsburg policy after 1635. Philip I of Hesse Philip I of HESSE, (13 November 1504 - 31 March 1567), was a leading champion of the Reformation and one of the most important German rulers of the Renaissance. ... Hesse (German: Hessen) is a state of Germany with an area of 21,110 kmÂ² and just over six million inhabitants. ... Hesse-Marburg was a German Landgraviate, i. ... This branch of the Hessian ruling family resided in Rheinfels castle near St. ... Hesse-Kassel (Hessen-Kassel in German) was a German principality that came into existence when the Landgraviate of Hesse was divided in 1568 upon the death of Landgrave Philip I of Hesse. ... Combatants Protestantism: Sweden,Denmark, France, Scotland and protestant German countries like Saxony Roman Catholic Church: Holy Roman Empire, Spain Commanders Gustav II Adolf Ferdinand II The Thirty Years War was fought between 1618 and 1648, principally on the territory of todays Germany, also involving most of the major European... The Lutheran movement is a group of denominations of Protestant Christianity by the original definition. ... The Free State of Saxony (German: Freistaat Sachsen; Sorbian: Swobodny Stata Sakska) is at a land area of 18,413 kmÂ² and a population of 4. ...

Hesse-Darmstadt gained a great deal of territory by the secularizations and mediatizations authorized by the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss of 1803. Most notable was the acquisition of the Duchy of Westphalia, formerly owned by the Archbishop of Cologne, as well as territories from the Archbishop of Mainz and the Bishop of Worms. In 1806, upon the dissolution of the Reich and the dispossession of his cousin, the Elector of Hesse-Kassel, the Landgrave took the title of Grand Duke of Hesse. The Reichsdeputationshauptschluss conclusion was a resolution of the last meeting of the Immerwaehrenden realm tags on 25 February 1803 in Regensburg. ... 1803 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... The Archbishopric of Cologne was one of the major ecclesiastical principalities of the Holy Roman Empire. ... Between 780/82 AD and 1802 AD the Archbishop of Mainz, was an influential ecclesiastic and secular prince of the middle ages. ... The Bishopric of Worms was an ecclesiastical principality of the Holy Roman Empire. ... The title of Grand Duke (Latin, Magnus Dux; German, Großherzog, Russian, Великий князь) used in Slavic, Baltic, and Germanic countries, is ranked in honour below King but higher than a sovereign Duke (Herzog) or Prince (Fürst). ...

At the Congress of Vienna, the Grand Duke was forced to cede Westphalia to Prussia, in exchange for which he received a piece of territory on the Left Bank of the Rhine, including the important federal fortress at Mainz. The Grand Duchy changed its name to the Grand Duchy of Hesse and by Rhine in 1816. The Congress of Vienna by Jean-Baptiste Isabey, 1819. ... Coat of Arms of the Kingdom of Prussia, 1701-1918 Prussia (German: ; Latin: Borussia, Prutenia; Lithuanian: ; Polish: ; Old Prussian: PrÅ«sa) was, most recently, a historic state originating in East Prussia, an area which for centuries had substantial influence on German and European history. ... Loreley At 1,320 kilometres (820 miles) and an average discharge of more than 2,000 cubic meters per second, the Rhine (Dutch Rijn, French Rhin, German Rhein, Italian: Reno, Romansch: Rein, ) is one of the longest and most important rivers in Europe. ... Mainz is a city in Germany and the capital of the German federal state of Rhineland-Palatinate. ... A grand duchy is a territory whose head of state is a Grand Duke or Grand Duchess. ...

In 1867, the northern half of the Grand Duchy (Upper Hesse) became a part of the North German Confederation, while the half of the Grand Duchy south of the Main (Starkenburg and Rhenish Hesse) remained outside. In 1871, it became a constituent state of the German Empire. The last Grand Duke, Ernst Ludwig (a grandson of Queen Victoria and brother to Empress Alexandra of Russia), was forced from his throne at the end of World War I, and the state was renamed the Volksstaat Hessen (People's State of Hesse). North German Federation (in German, Norddeutscher Bund), came into existence in 1867, following the dissolution of the German Confederation. ... Starkenburg is a historical region of the state of Hesse in Germany, consisting of the districts (Kreise) of BergstraÃŸe, Darmstadt-Dieburg, GroÃŸ-Gerau, and Odenwaldkreis, along with the city of Darmstadt. ... Rheinhessen (in English: Rhenish Hesse) refers to the part of the former Grand Duchy of Hesse-Darmstadt located west of the Rhine river and now part of Rhineland-Palatinate. ... Hi my name is TOOD is it alright if i kiss your a** now For the Public House in EastEnders see The Queen Victoria. ... Princess Alix of Hesse, as Empress Alexandra Feodorovna of Russia (1872-1918) Her Grand Ducal Highness Princess Alix of Hesse and by Rhine (Alix Victoria Helena Louise Beatrice, 6 June 1872 - 17 July 1918), was the consort of Tsar Nicholas II of Russia, the last Tsar of Russia. ... Combatants Allied Powers: France Italy Russia Serbia United Kingdom United States Central Powers: Austria-Hungary Bulgaria Germany Ottoman Empire Commanders Douglas Haig John Jellicoe Ferdinand Foch Georges Clemenceau Luigi Cadorna Nicholas II Aleksei Brusilov Woodrow Wilson John Pershing Wilhelm II Paul von Hindenburg Reinhard Scheer Franz Josef I Conrad von... Subdivision of Germany in 1925 (Volksstaat Hessen is in brown) Volksstaat Hessen in 1930 Der Volksstaat Hessen (- in German, Peoples State Hesse in English) was a new name of a traditional state of Germany from 1918 until 1945. ...

The majority of the state combined with Frankfurt am Main and the old Prussian province of Hesse-Nassau to form the new state of Hesse following the Second World War. The part of the state on the left bank of the Rhine (Rhenish Hesse) became part of the Rhineland-Palatinate state. Frankfurt am Main [ˈfraŋkfʊrt] is the largest city in the German state of Hessen and the fifth largest city of Germany. ... The Prussian province of Hesse-Nassau (German Hessen-Nassau) was created in 1868 as a consequence of the Austro-Prussian War of 1866 by combining the previously independent Electorate of Hesse (Hesse-Kassel), the Duchy of Nassau, the Free Imperial City of Frankfurt, areas gained from the Kingdom of Bavaria... Hesse (German: Hessen) is a state of Germany with an area of 21,110 kmÂ² and just over six million inhabitants. ... Mushroom cloud from the nuclear explosion over Nagasaki rising 18 km into the air. ... Rheinhessen (in English: Rhenish Hesse) refers to the part of the former Grand Duchy of Hesse-Darmstadt located west of the Rhine river and now part of Rhineland-Palatinate. ... The Rhenish Palatinate (Rheinpfalz, sometimes Lower Palatinate or Niederpfalz) occupies rather more than a quarter of the German Bundesland (federal state) of Rhineland-Palatinate (Rheinland-Pfalz) and contains the towns of Ludwigshafen, Kaiserslautern, Neustadt an der Weinstrasse, Pirmasens, Landau and Speyer. ...

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Categories: House of Hesse | States in Weimar Republic | States of the German Empire | States of the German Confederation | States of the Confederation of the Rhine | States of the Holy Roman Empire | 1568 establishments Image File history File links Flag_of_Germany_(2-3). ... This is a list of states of Germany in the Weimar Republic era, from 1919 to 1933. ... Anthem: Das Lied der Deutschen The LÃ¤nder of Germany during the Weimar Republic, with the Free State of Prussia (Freistaat PreuÃŸen) as the largest Capital Berlin Government Semi-presitential Republic - ReichsprÃ¤sidenten Friedrich Ebert (1919-1925) Paul von Hindenburg (1925-1934) - First Chancellor Philipp Scheidemann (1919) - Last Chancellor... Anhalt is a historical region of Germany, which is now included in the state of Saxony-Anhalt. ... The Free State of Bavaria (German: Freistaat Bayern), with an area of 70,553 kmÂ² (27,241 square miles) and 12. ... Brunswick was a historical state in Germany, established as a duchy by the Congress of Vienna in 1815. ... Subdivision of Germany in 1925 (Volksstaat Hessen is in brown) Volksstaat Hessen in 1930 Der Volksstaat Hessen (- in German, Peoples State Hesse in English) was a new name of a traditional state of Germany from 1918 until 1945. ... Mecklenburg-Schwerin was a Duchy (from 1815 a Grand Duchy) in northeastern Germany, formed by a partition of the Duchy of Mecklenburg. ... Mecklenburg-Strelitz was a duchy in northern Germany, roughly consisting of the present day district of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (the historical Stargarder Land), bordering areas of modern-day Brandenburg with the town of Fürstenberg and the area around Ratzeburg in modern Schleswig-Holstein. ... Oldenburg is a historical state in todays Germany named for its capital, Oldenburg. ... Coat of Arms of the Kingdom of Prussia, 1701-1918 Prussia (German: ; Latin: Borussia, Prutenia; Lithuanian: ; Polish: ; Old Prussian: PrÅ«sa) was, most recently, a historic state originating in Brandenburg, an area which for centuries had substantial influence on German and European history. ... The Free State of Saxony (German: Freistaat Sachsen; Sorbian: Swobodny Stat Sakska) has a land area of 18,413 kmÂ² and a population of 4. ... Schaumburg is a district in Lower Saxony, Germany. ... Waldeck (or later Waldeck-Pyrmont) was a sovereign principality in what is now Lower Saxony and Hesse (Germany). ... Arms of the Kingdom of WÃ¼rttemberg The title of this article contains the character Ã¼. Where it is unavailable or not desired, the name may be represented as Wuerttemberg. ... Image File history File links Wappen_Deutsches_Reich_(Weimarer_Republik). ... The Free Hanseatic City of Bremen (official name; German: Freie Hansestadt Bremen) is the smallest of Germanys 16 Federal States (BundeslÃ¤nder). ... Hamburgs motto: May the posterity endeavour with dignity to conserve the freedom, which the forefathers acquired. ... Location of the Free City of LÃ¼beck with the German Empire Capital LÃ¼beck Government Republic History - Formation 1226 - Abolition April 1, 1937 The title of this article contains the character Ã¼. Where it is unavailable or not desired, the name may be represented as Luebeck. ... Reuss (German: ReuÃŸ) was the name of several historical states located in present-day Thuringia, Germany. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... The Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach (Herzogtum Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach) was created in 1809 by the merger of the Ernestine duchies of Saxe-Weimar and Saxe-Eisenach, which had been in personal union since 1741, when the Saxe-Eisenach line had died out. ... Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt was a small state in Germany, in the present-day state of Thuringia, with capital at Rudolstadt. ... Schwarzburg-Sondershausen was a small state in Germany, in the present day state of Thuringia, with capital at Sondershausen. ...