La Grande Illusion is a 1937 film by renowned director Jean Renoir (1894-1979)—son of artist Pierre-Auguste Renoir—and is regarded by critics and film historians as one of the masterpieces of French cinema and is Renoir's most beloved film.^[1] The screenplay was written by Renoir and Charles Spaak. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (580x839, 181 KB)original movie poster source:www. ... Jean Renoir Jean Renoir (September 15, 1894 – February 12, 1979), born in the Montmartre Quarter of Paris, France was a film director. ... Jean Renoir Jean Renoir (September 15, 1894 – February 12, 1979), born in the Montmartre Quarter of Paris, France was a film director. ... For other uses, see Gabin. ... Dita Parlo (September 4, 1906 - December 13, 1971) was a film actress. ... Pierre Fresnay (April 4, 1897 - January 9, 1975) was a French stage and film actor. ... Erich von Stroheim (September 22, 1885 – May 12, 1957) was an Austrian - American star of the silent film age, lauded for his directional work in which he was a proto-auteur. ... Janus Films is a film distribution company. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... is the 159th day of the year (160th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1937 (MCMXXXVII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Grand Illusion may refer to: In cinema: Grand Illusion (film) (French: La Grande Illusion), a 1937 French film by renowned director Jean Renoir Grand Illusion Cinema, the oldest continually running independent movie theatre in Seattle, Washington In music: Grand Illusion (album), a 2005 album by power metal band Nocturnal Rites... See also: 1936 in film 1937 category:1937 films 1938 in film 1930s in film years in film film // Events April 16 - Way Out West premieres in the US. May 7 - Shall We Dance premieres in the US. Top grossing films Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs Conquest Damaged Lives... This article is about motion pictures. ... Jean Renoir Jean Renoir (September 15, 1894 – February 12, 1979), born in the Montmartre Quarter of Paris, France was a film director. ... Pierre-Auguste Renoir (February 25, 1841–December 3, 1919) was a French artist who was a leading painter in the development of the Impressionist style. ... Les Enfants du Paradis (Marcel Carne), one of the greatest French films ever made La regle du jeu (Jean Renoir), another candidate for the best French film LAtalante (Jean Vigo) La belle et la bête (Jean Cocteau) Diary of a Country Priest (Robert Bresson) Vivre sa Vie (Jean... Jean Renoir Jean Renoir (September 15, 1894 – February 12, 1979), born in the Montmartre Quarter of Paris, France was a film director. ...

In the United States, the film was released as Grand Illusion.

Brief history of the film

In 1938, Grand Illusion was the first foreign language film nominated by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences for the Academy Award for Best Picture (also known as the 'Oscar'). Also in 1938 the film won the awards for Best Foreign Film at the New York Film Critics Circle Awards and the National Board of Review. Pickford Center for Motion Picture Study in Hollywood, California Founded on May 11, 1927 in California, the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) is a professional honorary organization dedicated to the advancement of the arts and sciences of motion pictures. ... // The Academy Award for Best Motion Picture is one of the Academy Awards, awards given to people working in the motion picture industry by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, which are voted on by others within the industry. ... Academy Award The Academy Awards, popularly known as the Oscars, are the most prominent and most watched film awards ceremony in the world. ... New York Film Critics Circle Awards are given annually to honor excellence in cinema worldwide by an organization of film reviewers from New York City-based publications. ... The National Board of Review of Motion Pictures was founded in 1909 in New York City, just 13 years after the birth of cinema, to protest New York City Mayor George B. McClellan, Jr. ...

After the film won a prize at the Venice Film Festival for "Best Artistic Ensemble" in 1937, the Nazi Propaganda Minister Joseph Goebbels declared it "Cinematic Public Enemy No. 1."^[1] and ordered the prints to be confiscated and destroyed. The film was banned as early as October 1, 1940 by the Propaganda-Abteilung.^[1] When the German Army marched into France in 1940 during World War II, the Nazis seized the prints and negative of the film, chiefly because of its anti-war message, and what were perceived as ideological criticisms pointed towards Germany on the eve of the Second World War. The Venice Film Festival ( ) is the oldest film festival in the world. ... Nazi Germany, or the Third Reich, commonly refers to Germany in the years 1933–1945, when it was under the firm control of the totalitarian and fascist ideology of the Nazi Party, with the Führer Adolf Hitler as dictator. ... Paul Joseph Goebbels (German pronunciation: IPA: ) (October 29, 1897 – May 1, 1945) was a German politician and Minister for Public Enlightenment and Propaganda during the National Socialist regime from 1933 to 1945. ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000...

For many years, the original nitrate negative was thought to have been destroyed in an Allied air raid in 1942 that destroyed a leading laboratory outside Paris.^[1] Prints of the film were rediscovered in 1958 and restored and re-released during the early 1960s. Then, it was revealed that the original negative, instead of being destroyed, had been shipped back to Berlin (probably due to the efforts of Dr. Frank Hansel) to be stored in the Reichsfilmarchiv vaults.^[1] With the Allied occupation of Berlin in 1945, the Reichsfilmarchiv by chance was in the Russian zone and consequently shipped along with many other films back to be the basis of the Soviet Gosfilmofond film archive in Moscow.^[1] Oddly enough, the negative had been returned to France in the 1960s, but sat unidentified in storage in Toulouse Cinémathèque for over 30 years as no one thought the original negative survived.^[1] When it was rediscovered in the early 1990s as the Cinémathèque's nitrate collection was slowly transferred to the French Film Archives at Bois d'Arcy, the original negative was restored and released as the inaugural DVD of the Criterion Collection.^[1] This edition is regarded as the most pristine since its 1937 premiere. Reichsfilmarchiv or Realm Film Archives were one 1935 open national film archives in National Socialist Germany. ... For other uses, see Moscow (disambiguation). ... New city flag (Occitan cross) Traditional coat of arms Motto: (Occitan: For Toulouse, always more) Location Coordinates Time Zone CET (GMT +1) Administration Country Region Midi-Pyrénées Department Haute-Garonne (31) Intercommunality Community of Agglomeration of Greater Toulouse Mayor Jean-Luc Moudenc  (UMP) (since 2004) City Statistics Land... Cinémathèque Française hosts the largest archive of films, movie documents, and film-related objects in the world. ... DVD (also known as Digital Versatile Disc or Digital Video Disc) is a popular optical disc storage media format. ... The Criterion Collection is a joint venture between Janus Films and The Voyager Company that was begun in the mid 1980s for the purpose of releasing authoritative consumer versions of classic and important contemporary films on the laserdisc and DVD formats. ...

Synopsis

During the First World War, two French aviators Captain de Boeldieu (played by Pierre Fresnay) and Lieutenant Maréchal (Jean Gabin), embark on a flight to examine the site of a blurred spot on photos from an earlier air reconnaissance mission. They are shot down by an aviator and German aristocrat, Captain von Rauffenstein (Erich von Stroheim). Von Rauffenstein, upon returning to base, states that he has shot down a French plane and instructs one of his subordinates to find out if the aviators are officers, and if so, invite them to lunch before dispatching them to a prisoner of war camp. During this scene we learn that von Rauffenstein and de Boeldieu know each other through acquaintances—a depiction of the familiarity, if not solidarity, within the upper class (i.e. the aristocracy) across national boundaries. “The Great War ” redirects here. ... Pierre Fresnay (April 4, 1897 - January 9, 1975) was a French stage and film actor. ... For other uses, see Gabin. ... Erich von Stroheim (September 22, 1885 – May 12, 1957) was an Austrian - American star of the silent film age, lauded for his directional work in which he was a proto-auteur. ... Geneva Convention definition A prisoner of war (POW) is a soldier, sailor, airman, or marine who is imprisoned by an enemy power during or immediately after an armed conflict. ...

De Boeldieu and Maréchal are then placed in a prisoner of war camp, where they meet and befriend several of their fellow countrymen. Soon after their arrival, they participate in an attempt by their comrades to dig a tunnel underneath the camp as a means to escape. However, just before the tunnel is completed, they are forced to switch camps, and because of the language barrier are unable to pass word of the tunnel to the incoming British prisoners. Geneva Convention definition A prisoner of war (POW) is a soldier, sailor, airman, or marine who is imprisoned by an enemy power during or immediately after an armed conflict. ...

During the course of the war, Boeldieu and Maréchal are placed in camp after camp, finally arriving in Wintersborn, a mountain fortress prison commanded by Von Rauffenstein who has since their last meeting been disabled in battle and reassigned. Wintersborn, it is alleged, is inescapable (oddly foreshadowing the real POW camp Colditz in WWII), but we soon learn that Boeldieu and Maréchal have a history of valiant escape attempts. Colditz is a city in Saxony, Germany, located at the banks of the river Mulde. ...

At Wintersborn, Boeldieu and Maréchal meet one of their fellow prisoners from an earlier camp, Rosenthal (Marcel Dalio), a wealthy Jew. The three together conspire their escape, coming across an idea by paying close attention to how the German guards respond to emergencies. Boeldieu concedes that their plan can only serve two, and suggests that Maréchal and Rosenthal escape, while he serves to draw the German guards' attention as they get away. After some commotion, the guards order an assembly of the prisoners in the fortress courtyard, and proceed to call the roll. When de Boeldieu's name is called he is not present in the assembly, and as they realize his absence, he makes his presence known high up in the fortress, drawing the German guards in pursuit. Maréchal and Rosenthal take the opportunity during the pursuit of de Boeldieu to lower themselves from a window by a home-made rope and flee. Marcel Dalio (17 July 1900 in Paris, France – 20 November 1983 in Paris) was a French character actor. ...

In the poignant sequence that follows, von Rauffenstein and his guards corner de Boeldieu, and von Rauffenstein pleads for him to give up. De Boeldieu refuses, and von Rauffenstein reluctantly shoots him. Nursed in his final moments by von Rauffenstein, de Boeldieu dies of his wounds expressing—in his last thoughts—a lament that their usefulness to society (as aristocrats) ends with this war, and that he has pity for von Rauffenstein who is left behind, alive, to find a purpose in this new, emerging social order.

The film continues with the plight of the fugitives Maréchal and Rosenthal as they journey across the German countryside seeking a route back to France. Rosenthal gets injured, slowing up the duo, and the two men take refuge in the barn of a German woman, Elsa (Dita Parlo), who has been widowed by the war. She generously takes in the two men. Maréchal begins to fall in love with her, but he and Rosenthal must eventually leave for Switzerland (from there to France and return to the war), although Maréchal promises to come back if he survives. They depart. As the film closes, a squadron of German soldiers on patrol sight the two fugitives crossing a snow-covered valley. The soldiers fire a few volleys and miss, but are soon ordered to let Maréchal and Rosenthal go without incident, as they have apparently crossed the invisible Swiss border in the snow-covered valley below. Dita Parlo (September 4, 1906 - December 13, 1971) was a film actress. ...

Political and historical themes

In Grand Illusion, director Jean Renoir uses the First World War (1914-1918) as a lens through which to examine Europe as it faces the rising spectre of fascism (especially in Nazi Germany) and the impending approach of the Second World War (1939-1945). Renoir's critique of contemporary politics and ideology celebrates the universal humanity that transcends national and racial boundaries and radical nationalism, suggesting that mankind's common experiences should prevail above political division, and its extension: war. Jean Renoir Jean Renoir (September 15, 1894 – February 12, 1979), born in the Montmartre Quarter of Paris, France was a film director. ... “The Great War ” redirects here. ... For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ... Fascism is an authoritarian political ideology (generally tied to a mass movement) that considers individual and other societal interests subordinate to the interests of the state. ... Nazi Germany, or the Third Reich, commonly refers to Germany in the years 1933–1945, when it was under the firm control of the totalitarian and fascist ideology of the Nazi Party, with the Führer Adolf Hitler as dictator. ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... For other uses, see Politics (disambiguation). ... Political Ideologies Part of the Politics series Politics Portal This box:      An ideology is an organized collection of ideas. ... Eugène Delacroixs Liberty Leading the People, symbolising French nationalism during the July Revolution 1830. ...

On the message of the film, Renoir himself said, in an interview dating from the re-release of the film in the early 1960s:

"[Grand Illusion is] a story about human relationships. I am sure that such a question is so important today that if we don’t solve it, we will just have to say ‘goodbye’ to our beautiful world."

Class

Grand Illusion examines the relationships between different social classes in Europe.

Two of the main characters are aristocrats: de Boëldieu (Fresnay) and von Rauffenstein (von Stroheim). They are represented as cosmopolitan men, educated in many cultures and conversant in several languages. Their level of education and their devotion to social conventions and rituals makes them feel closer to each other than to the lower class men of their own nation. They share similar social experiences: dining at Maxim's in Paris, courting dalliances with the same woman, and even know of each other through acquaintances. They converse with each other in heavily formal French and German, and in moments of intimate personal conversation, escape into English as if to hide these comments from their lower class counterparts.^[2] Aristocracy is a form of government in which rulership is in the hands of an upper class known as aristocrats. ... Cosmopolitanism is the idea that all of humanity belongs to a single moral community. ... Maxims is a chain of caterers, restaurants, and fast food shops in Hong Kong. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ...

Renoir depicts the rule of the aristocracy as in decline, to be replaced by a new, emerging social order, led by men who were not born to privilege. He emphasizes that their class is no longer an essential component to their respective nation's politics ^{[citation needed]}. Both von Rauffenstein and de Boëldieu view their military service as a duty, and see the war as having a purpose; as such, Renoir depicts them as laudable but tragic figures whose world is disappearing and who are trapped in a code of life that is rapidly becoming meaningless ^{[citation needed]}. Both are aware that their time is past, but their reaction to this reality diverges: de Boeldieu accepts the fate of the aristocracy as a positive improvement, but von Rauffenstein does not, lamenting what he calls the "charming legacy of the French Revolution."

Renoir contrasts the aristocrats with lower class characters such as Maréchal (Gabin), a mechanic from Paris, who is less cultured, and later in the film is unable to communicate adequately with Elsa (Parlo) in German, who likewise cannot speak French. The lower class characters have little in common with each other; they have different interests and are not worldly in their views or education. Nonetheless, they have a kinship too, through common sentiment and experience.^{[citation needed]} This article is about the capital of France. ...

Renoir's message is made clear when de Boëldieu, the French aristocrat, sacrifices himself by causing a distraction to allow Maréchal and Rosenthal, the common men, to escape. Von Rauffenstein is forced to shoot de Boëldieu (out of duty), an act that de Boëldieu admits he would have been compelled to do were the circumstances reversed. However, in accepting his inevitable death, de Boëldieu takes comfort in the idea that "For a commoner, dying in a war is a tragedy. But for you and me, it's a good way out," and states that he has pity for von Rauffenstein who will struggle to find a purpose in the new social order of the world where his traditions, experiences, and background are obsolete.

The aristocratic notions of honor and duty are not shared by lower classes in Europe—the everyday men serving their countries thought of the war as a senseless political charade and became disillusioned ^{[citation needed]}.

The film's critique of the romantic idealization of duty is comparable to that in the earlier film All Quiet on the Western Front (1930), based on the novel by Erich Maria Remarque. All Quiet on the Western Front is an Academy Award-winning film based on the Erich Maria Remarque novel All Quiet on the Western Front. ... Year 1930 (MCMXXX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display 1930 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Erich Maria Remarque (June 22, 1898 – September 25, 1970) was the pseudonym of Erich Paul Remark, a German author. ...

Race

Renoir briefly touches on the question of anti-Semitism through the character of Rosenthal, a son from a nouveau riche (wealthy, but not aristocratic) banking family who happens to be Jewish (an obvious parallel to the Rothschild banking family of France). It is thought that Renoir created this character to counter the rising anti-Jewish campaign enacted by Adolf Hitler's government in Nazi Germany. Further, Rosenthal is shown as a symbol of humanity across class lines, that though he may be financially wealthy, he shares his food parcels with everyone so that he and his fellow prisoners are well fed—when compared with their German captors. Through Rosenthal, Renoir rebuffs anti-Semitic criticisms, asserting that Jewish stereotypes are meaningless. The Eternal Jew: 1937 German poster. ... Nouveau riche (French for new rich), or new money refers to persons who acquire wealth within their generation. ... The Rothschild banking family of France was founded in 1812 in Paris by James Mayer Rothschild (1792–1868). ... Hitler redirects here. ... Nazi Germany, or the Third Reich, commonly refers to Germany in the years 1933–1945, when it was under the firm control of the totalitarian and fascist ideology of the Nazi Party, with the Führer Adolf Hitler as dictator. ...

A more enigmatic symbol of racial division is the African prisoner who appears in the second POW camp; he works alongside the other Allied captives and seems to be accepted by them, yet no one ever speaks to him even when he tries to make conversation. World map showing location of Africa A satellite composite image of Africa Africa is the worlds second_largest continent in both area and population, after Asia. ...

War

Renoir seeks to refute the notion that war accomplishes anything, or that it can be used as a political tool to solve problems and create a better world.

Grand Illusion is a war film without any depiction of battle. Instead, the prisoner of war camp setting is used as a space in which soldiers of many nations have a common experience. Renoir portrays war as a futile exercise. For instance, Elsa, the German widow, shows photos to Maréchal and Rosenthal of her husband and her brothers who were killed, respectively, at the battles of Verdun, Liège, Charleroi, and Tannenberg. Ironically, of these battles, some were among Germany's most decisive victories in World War I. Through this device, Renoir refutes the notion that one common man's bravery, honor, or duty can make an impact on a great event. This undermines the idealistic intention of Maréchal and Rosenthal to return to the front, so that by returning to the fight they can help end this war. The war film is a film genre concerned with warfare, usually about naval, air or land battles, sometimes focusing instead on prisoners of war, covert operations, military training or other related subjects. ... Geneva Convention definition A prisoner of war (POW) is a soldier, sailor, airman, or marine who is imprisoned by an enemy power during or immediately after an armed conflict. ... For other uses, see War (disambiguation). ... Combatants  France  German Empire Commanders Philippe Pétain Robert Nivelle Erich von Falkenhayn Strength About 30,000 on 21 February 1916 About 150,000 on 21 February 1916 Casualties 378,000; of whom 120,000 died. ... Geography Country Belgium Community French Community Region Walloon Region Province Liège Arrondissement Liège Coordinates , , Area 69. ... Charleroi (Walloon: TchÃ¥lerwè) is the first city and municipality of Wallonia in population. ... Stębark (German:Tannenberg) is a village in Poland. ... “The Great War ” redirects here. ...

As one of many lower and working class men who had fought in World War I, Renoir sought a resolution to the world crisis before the European powers once again resorted to war. Regarding World War I as a brutal, immense waste of human life for dubious—almost ridiculous—reasons, he hoped for a solution that would avoid a repeat of the carnage and devastation of the First World War. ^{[citation needed]} The role of Maréchal may represent a chief component of the political platform put forth by the Front Populaire (an emerging bloc of left-wing political parties at the time this film was released) in France. ^{[citation needed]} “The Great War ” redirects here. ... The Popular Front (Front Populaire) was an alliance of left-wing political parties that came into power in France following the 1936 elections. ...

Credits

Cast

• Jean Gabin as Lieutenant Maréchal, a French officer
• Erich von Stroheim as Captain von Rauffenstein, a German officer
• Dita Parlo as Elsa, a widowed German farm woman
• Pierre Fresnay as Captain de Boeldieu, a French officer
• Marcel Dalio as Lieutenant Rosenthal, a French officer
• Julien Carette as Cartier, the showoff
• Georges Péclet as An officer
• Werner Florian as Sgt. Arthur
• Jean Dasté as a teacher
• Sylvain Itkine as Lieutenant Demolder
• Gaston Modot as an engineer

Several members of the cast were not listed in the film's credits (as was common in early films) including: For other uses, see Gabin. ... Erich von Stroheim (September 22, 1885 – May 12, 1957) was an Austrian - American star of the silent film age, lauded for his directional work in which he was a proto-auteur. ... Dita Parlo (September 4, 1906 - December 13, 1971) was a film actress. ... Pierre Fresnay (April 4, 1897 - January 9, 1975) was a French stage and film actor. ... Marcel Dalio (17 July 1900 in Paris, France – 20 November 1983 in Paris) was a French character actor. ... Jean Dasté - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ...

• Jacques Becker as an English officer
• Albert Brouett as a prisoner
• Claude Sainval
• Carl Koch
• Michel Salina

Jacques Becker (September 15, 1906 - February 21, 1960) was a French screenwriter and film director. ...

Production credits

• Producer: Raymond Blondy
• Director: Jean Renoir
• Written by: Jean Renoir & Charles Spaak
• Editor: Marguerite Renoir
• Musical Composer: Joseph Kosma
• Music Director: Emile Vuillermoz
• Art Director: Eugene Lourie
• Cinematographer: Christian Matras

Jean Renoir Jean Renoir (September 15, 1894 – February 12, 1979), born in the Montmartre Quarter of Paris, France was a film director. ... Jean Renoir Jean Renoir (September 15, 1894 – February 12, 1979), born in the Montmartre Quarter of Paris, France was a film director. ... Joseph Kosma (1905-1969) was born in Budapest and died in Paris. ... Christian Matras was born at Viðareiði in 1900. ...

Trivia

• Jean Renoir was an aviator for the French Army during World War I, actor Jean Gabin (as Maréchal) wears Renoir's uniform in the film.
• According to Renoir's memoirs, Erich von Stroheim, despite being born in Vienna, Austria (then the Austro-Hungarian Empire) did not speak much German, and struggled learning the language along with his lines in between filming scenes.
• Orson Welles once said, "If I had to save only one film in the world, it would be Grand Illusion." [1]
• An early script version had Rosenthal and Maréchal agreeing to meet in a restaurant at the end of the war. In the movie's final scene everyone there would be celebrating the armistice, but instead of these men there would be two empty chairs at a table.
• The little girl who played 'Lotte' never saw the film, having died of the flu some weeks before it was released.
• The title of the film (in French La Grande illusion) comes from an essay called "The Great Illusion" by British economist Norman Angell, who argued that war is futile because of the common economic interests of different nations. The title of Renoir's film is really more accurately translated to "The Great Illusion".

Image File history File links Broom_icon. ... For other uses, see Vienna (disambiguation). ... Official languages Latin, German, Hungarian Established church Roman Catholic Capital & Largest City Vienna pop. ... This article includes a list of works cited or a list of external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks in-text citations. ... Respiratory disease properly named influenza(say: in-floo-en-zah ). Some specific varities of influenza with a vaccination available are: A-New Caledonia, A-California, B-Shanghai. ... Sir Ralph Norman Angell Lane (December 26, 1872 – October 7, 1967) was a British lecturer, writer, and Member of Parliament for the Labour Party. ...

References

1. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h} Grand Illusion [DVD]. The Criterion Collection.
2. ^ Jeffery Alan Triggs. The Legacy of Babel: Language in Jean Renoir's Grand Illusion. Retrieved on 2007-01-26.

Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 26th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...

See also

• Cinema of France
• List of French language films

Les Enfants du Paradis (Marcel Carne), one of the greatest French films ever made La regle du jeu (Jean Renoir), another candidate for the best French film LAtalante (Jean Vigo) La belle et la bête (Jean Cocteau) Diary of a Country Priest (Robert Bresson) Vivre sa Vie (Jean... There are two lists of French language films: Organized alphabetically by French title Organized alphabetically by title of English release // 2 ou 3 choses que je sais delle (Two or Three Things I Know About Her) 5x2 Ah! Si jétais riche (If I Were a Rich Man) Les...

External links

• La Grande illusion at the Internet Movie Database
• Roger Ebert review
• Criterion Collection essay by Peter Cowie
• Review of Criterion DVD of film
• Complete film online at LikeTelevision