Ocean wave

Wave clouds over Theresa, Wisconsin, USA

Atmospheric gravity waves as seen from space. [1]

For the different concept in general relativity, see gravitational radiation.

In fluid dynamics, gravity waves are waves generated in a fluid medium or at the interface between two mediums (e.g. the atmosphere or ocean) which has the restoring force of gravity or buoyancy. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1024x768, 122 KB) Summary Picture of waves from http://pdphoto. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1024x768, 122 KB) Summary Picture of waves from http://pdphoto. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1776x1184, 1455 KB)Clouds caused by gravity waves within meteorological disturbance. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1776x1184, 1455 KB)Clouds caused by gravity waves within meteorological disturbance. ... Official language(s) None Capital Madison Largest city Milwaukee Area  Ranked 23rd  - Total 65,498 sq mi (169,790 km²)  - Width 260 miles (420 km)  - Length 310 miles (500 km)  - % water 17  - Latitude 42°30N to 47°3N  - Longitude 86°49W to 92°54W Population  Ranked... Image File history File links GravityWaves_ArabianSea. ... Image File history File links GravityWaves_ArabianSea. ... General relativity (GR) [also called the general theory of relativity (GTR) and general relativity theory (GRT)] is the geometrical theory of gravitation published by Albert Einstein in 1915/16. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Fluid dynamics is the sub-discipline of fluid mechanics dealing with fluids (liquids and gases) in motion. ... A fluid is defined as a substance that continually deforms (flows) under an applied shear stress regardless of the magnitude of the applied stress. ... An interface is a surface forming a common boundary between two substances forming a colloid, such as oil & water or water & air. ... In physics, force is an influence that may cause a body to accelerate. ... Gravity is a force of attraction that acts between bodies that have mass. ... In physics, buoyancy is the upward force on an object produced by the surrounding fluid (i. ...

When a fluid parcel is displaced on an interface or internally to a region with a different density, gravity restores the parcel toward equilibrium resulting in an oscillation about the equilibrium state. Gravity waves on an air-sea interface are called surface gravity waves or surface waves while internal gravity waves are called internal waves. Ocean waves and tsunamis are examples of gravity waves. In physics, density is mass m per unit volume V. For the common case of a homogeneous substance, it is expressed as: where, in SI units: ρ (rho) is the density of the substance, measured in kg·m-3 m is the mass of the substance, measured in kg V is... A standard definition of mechanical equilibrium is: A system is in mechanical equilibrium when the sum of the forces, and torque, on each particle of the system is zero. ... Oscillation is the variation, typically in time, of some measure as seen, for example, in a swinging pendulum. ... (LTE is an acronym for the progressive-instrumental rock band  Liquid Tension Experiment) In thermodynamics, a thermodynamic system is in thermodynamic equilibrium if its energy distribution equals a Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution. ... // In physics, a surface wave can refer to a mechanical wave that propagates along the interface between differing media, usually two fluids with different densities. ... Internal waves are gravity waves that oscillate due to the buoyancy force. ... Ocean waves Ocean surface waves are surface waves that occur at the surface of an ocean. ... The tsunami that struck Malé in the Maldives on December 26, 2004. ...

Atmosphere dynamics on Earth

Since the fluid is a continuous medium, a traveling disturbance will result. In the earth's atmosphere, gravity waves are important for transferring momentum from the troposphere to the mesosphere. Gravity waves are generated in the troposphere by frontal systems or by airflow over mountains. At first waves propagate through the atmosphere without affecting its mean velocity. But as the waves reach more rarefied air at higher altitudes, their amplitude increases, and nonlinear effects cause the waves to break, transferring their momentum to the mean flow. In mathematics, a continuous function is a function for which, intuitively, small changes in the input result in small changes in the output. ... Layers of Atmosphere - not to scale (NOAA)[2] Earths atmosphere is a layer of gases surrounding the planet Earth and retained by the Earths gravity. ... In classical mechanics, momentum (pl. ... Atmosphere diagram showing the mesosphere and other layers. ... The mesosphere (from the Greek words mesos = middle and sphaira = ball) is the layer of the Earths atmosphere that is directly above the stratosphere and directly below the thermosphere. ... A guide to the symbols for weather fronts that may be found on a weather map: 1. ... Lyskamm, 4 527 m, Pennine Alps A mountain is a landform that extends above the surrounding terrain in a limited area. ... In mathematics and statistics, the arithmetic mean (or simply the mean) of a list of numbers is the sum of all the members of the list divided by the number of items in the list. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Altitude is the elevation of an object from a known level or datum. ... Amplitude is a nonnegative scalar measure of a waves magnitude of oscillation, that is, magnitude of the maximum disturbance in the medium during one wave cycle. ... In mathematics, nonlinear systems represent systems whose behavior is not expressible as a sum of the behaviors of its descriptors. ...

Gravity wave cloud pattern formed in the wake of the Île Amsterdam, a volcanic island in the southern Indian Ocean.

This process plays a key role in controlling the dynamics of the middle atmosphere. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1919x1215, 544 KB) File links The following pages link to this file: Cloud Orographic lift Wave cloud ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1919x1215, 544 KB) File links The following pages link to this file: Cloud Orographic lift Wave cloud ... A wake is the region of turbulence immediately to the rear of a solid body caused by the flow of air or water around the body. ... ÃŽle Amsterdam IPA: (meaning Amsterdam island, after the Dutch capital) is a French island in the Indian Ocean located at . ... Process (lat. ... In physics, dynamics is the branch of classical mechanics that is concerned with the effects of forces on the motion of objects. ...

See also: Lee waves Categories: Aeronautics | Meteorology | Stub ...

References and external links

• Dr. Steven Koch, Hugh D. Cobb, III and Neil A. Stuart, "Notes on Gravity Waves - Operational Forecasting and Detection of Gravity Waves Weather and Forecasting". NOAA, Eastern Region Site Server.
• Gill, A. E., "Gravity wave". Atmosphere Ocean Dynamics, Academic Press, 1982.
• Gallery of cloud gravity waves over Iowa
• Time-lapse video of gravity waves over Iowa