Bold textThe Great Basin tribes of Native Americans occupied an area of some 400,000 mile² (1,000,000 km²), between the Rocky Mountains and the Sierra Nevada, in what is now Nevada, and parts of Oregon, California, Idaho, Wyoming, and Utah. There is very little precipitation in the Great Basin area, which affects the lifestyles and cultures of the indigenous inhabitants. Native Americans are the indigenous peoples within the territory that is now encompassed by the continental United States, including parts of Alaska down to their descendants in modern times. ... Moraine Lake, and the Valley of the Ten Peaks, Banff National Park, Alberta, Canada The Rocky Mountains, often called the Rockies, are a broad mountain range in western North America. ... The Sierra Nevada is a mountain range that is almost entirely in the eastern portion of the U.S. state of California. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... Official language(s) None Capital Salem Largest city Portland Area  Ranked 9th  - Total 98,466 sq mi (255,026 km²)  - Width 260 miles (420 km)  - Length 360 miles (580 km)  - % water 2. ... Official language(s) English Capital Sacramento Largest city Los Angeles Area  Ranked 3rd  - Total 158,302 sq mi (410,000 km²)  - Width 250 miles (400 km)  - Length 770 miles (1,240 km)  - % water 4. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Official language(s) English Capital Cheyenne Largest city Cheyenne Area  Ranked 10th  - Total 97,818 sq mi (253,348 km²)  - Width 280 miles (450 km)  - Length 360 miles (580 km)  - % water 0. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, the lead section of this article may need to be expanded. ... Drainage map showing the Great Basin in orange Various Definitions of the Great Basin (NPS) The Great Basin is a large, arid region of the western United States. ... Indigenous peoples are: Peoples living in an area prior to colonization by a state Peoples living in an area within a nation-state, prior to the formation of a nation-state, but who do not identify with the dominant nation. ...

While anthropologists can point to many distinct tribes, fuck u groups. All but the Washoe spoke Numic languages, and there was considerable intermingling between the groups, which lived peacefully and often shared common territories. They were predominantly hunters and gatherers. See Anthropology. ... Washoe (Washo) The Washoe (Washo) are a Native American people who originally lived around Lake Tahoe and adjacent areas of the Great Basin. ... Numic is a branch of the Uto-Aztecan language family. ... This box:      A hunter-gatherer society is one whose primary subsistence method involves the direct procurement of edible plants and animals from the wild, using foraging and hunting, without significant recourse to the domestication of either. ...

Anthropologists use the terms "Desert Archaic" or more simply "The Desert Culture" to refer to the culture of the Great Basin tribes. This culture is characterized by the need for mobility to take advantage of seasonally available food supplies. The use of pottery was rare due to its weight, but intricate baskets were woven for containing water, cooking food, winnowing grass seeds and storage--including the storage of pine nuts, a Paiute-Shoshone staple. Heavy items such as metates would be cached rather than carried from foraging area to foraging area. Agriculture was not practiced within the Great Basin itself, although it was practiced in adjacent areas (modern agriculture in the Great Basin requires either large mountain reservoirs or deep artesian wells). Likewise, the Great Basin tribes had no permanent settlements, although winter villages might be revisited winter after winter by the same group of families. In the summer, the largest group was usually the nuclear family due to the low density of food supplies. Unfired green ware pottery on a traditional drying rack at Conner Prairie living history museum. ... Four styles of household basket. ... Natural vegetaton dominated by grasses Grass is a common word that generally describes a monocotyledonous green plant in the family Poaceae, True grasses include most plants grown as cereals, for pasture, and for lawns. ... A metate is the large stone slab on which grain is crushed with a mano. ... Usually cache refers to the computer memory, cache. ... The Ashokan Reservoir, located in Ulster County, New York, USA. It is one of 19 that supplies New York City with drinking water. ... Geological strata giving rise to an Artesian well An artesian aquifer is an aquifer whose water is overpressurized. ... The term nuclear family was developed in the western world to distinguish the family group consisting of parents and their children, usually a father, mother, and children, from what is known as an extended family. ...

In the early historical period the Great Basin tribes were actively expanding to the north and east, where they developed a horse-riding bison-hunting culture. These people, including the Comanche, Bannock and Eastern Shoshone are often considered to be Great Plains tribes. Binomial name Equus caballus Linnaeus, 1758 The horse (Equus caballus, sometimes seen as a subspecies of the Wild Horse, Equus ferus caballus) is a large odd-toed ungulate mammal, one of ten modern species of the genus Equus. ... Species B. antiquus B. bison B. bonasus B. priscus Bison is a taxonomic genus containing six species of large even-toed ungulates within the subfamily Bovinae. ... For other uses, see Comanche (disambiguation). ... The Bannock are a Native American people who traditionally lived in the northern Great Basin in what is now southeastern Oregon and western Idaho. ... Shoshone around their tipi, probably taken around 1890 Shoshone Indians at Ft. ... Original range of the Plains Indians The Plains Indians are those Indians who lived on the plains and rolling hills of the Great Plains of North America. ...

There is evidence that the original inhabitants of the region arrived as early as 10,000 B.C., though the Numic-speaking Shoshonean peoples were relatively recent arrivals, coming as late as 1000 A.D. The first Europeans to reach the area were the Spanish, but the Great Basin was settled by Whites relatively late, and can be dated to the first Mormon settlers who arrived in 1848. Within ten years, the first reservation was established, in order to transform the native population into "civilized" Christian farmers. The process included sending children to Indian schools and limiting the reservations, especially through the Dawes Act (1886). The Salt Lake Temple of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is the most-recognized architectural symbol of Mormonism For other uses, see Mormon (disambiguation). ... 1848 (MDCCCXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Christianity. ... Farmer spreading grasshopper bait in his alfalfa field. ... Americanization refers to the policies of the United States government and public opinion that there is a standard set of cultural values that should be held in common by all citizens. ... The General Allotment Act of 1887 ((Dawes Act), Ch. ... 1886 (MDCCCLXXXVI) is a common year starting on Friday (click on link to calendar) // Events January 18 - Modern field hockey is born with the formation of The Hockey Association in England. ...

Because their contact with European Americans occurred so late, Great Basin tribes managed to maintain their religion and culture and were leading proponents of a native renaissance. Two Paiute prophets, Wodziwob and Wovoka, introduced the Ghost Dance in a al ceremony designed to reestablish the pre-contact "Golden Era," while other, similar ceremonies such as the Ute Bear Dance and the Sun Dance first emerged in the Great Basin. Similarly, the Peyote Native religion first developed here in response to deteriorating conditions, extreme poverty, and the loss of native cultures and traditions. Paiute women and children in Yosemite Valley 1891. ... In religion, a prophet is a person who has directly encountered God, of whose intentions he can then speak as if he were a formal representative of God. ... Wodziwob (died ca. ... Wovoka (~1856-September 20, 1932), also known as Jack Wilson, was a Northern Paiute religious leader and founder of the Ghost Dance movement. ... The Ghost Dance by the Ogalala Lakota at Pine Ridge Noted in historical accounts as the Ghost Dance of 1890, the Ghost Dance was a religious ritual incorporated into numerous Native American belief systems beginning in 1889. ... The Utes (/juːts/; yoots) are an ethnically related group of American Indians now living primarily in Utah and Colorado. ... Though perhaps not a Sun Dance, John White depicted a Native American dance he witnessed in the 1500s. ... Binomial name Lophophora williamsii (Lem. ...

Conditions for the Native American population of the Great Basin were erratic throughout the twentieth century. Signs of improvement first emerged as a result of President Franklin Roosevelt's Indian New Deal in the 1940s, while activism and legal victories in the 1970s have improved conditions significantly. Nevertheless, the communities continue to struggle against chronic poverty and all of the resulting problems: unemployment; substance abuse; and high suicide rates. Furthermore, fierce debates between "traditionalist" and "progressive" factions have split communities and hindered the population from presenting a united front in determining its future. (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s The 20th century lasted from 1901 to 2000 in the Gregorian calendar (often from (1900 to 1999 in common usage). ... Franklin Delano Roosevelt (January 30, 1882–April 12, 1945), 32nd President of the United States, the longest-serving holder of the office and the only man to be elected President more than twice, was one of the central figures of 20th century history. ... The 1940s decade ran from 1940 to 1949. ... The 1970s decade refers to the years from 1970 to 1979, inclusive. ... A boy from an East Cipinang trash dump slum in Jakarta, Indonesia shows his find. ... An 1837 political cartoon about unemployment in the United States. ... Substance abuse refers to the overindulgence in and dependence on a psychoactive leading to effects that are detrimental to the individuals physical health or mental health, or the welfare of others. ... Suicide (from Latin sui caedere, to kill oneself) is the act of willfully ending ones own life. ...

Great Basin Tribes

• Bannock
• Gishute
• Northern Paiute
• Southern Paiute
• Western Shoshone
• Ute
• Washoe
• Chemehueve
• Shoshone

The Bannock are a Native American people who traditionally lived in the northern Great Basin in what is now southeastern Oregon and western Idaho. ... Paiute (sometimes written as Piute) refers to two related groups -- Northern Paiute and Southern Paiute--of Native North Americans speaking languages belonging to the Numic branch of the Uto-Aztecan family of Native American languages. ... Paiute (sometimes written as Piute) refers to two related groups -- Northern Paiute and Southern Paiute --of Native Americans speaking languages belonging to the Numic branch of the Uto-Aztecan family of Native American languages. ... Western Shoshone is a Native American tribe that is endemic to the Great Basin and have lands identified in the Treaty of Ruby Valley 1863 In Idaho, Nevada, California and Utah. ... The Utes (/juːts/; yoots) are an ethnically related group of American Indians now living primarily in Utah and Colorado. ... Washoe (chimpanzee) Washoe County, Nevada Washoe Native American tribe Washoe language Note that in the second and third reference, the alternative spelling Washo appears to be equally valid. ... Shoshone around their tipi, probably taken around 1890 Shoshone Indians at Ft. ...

See also

• Classification of indigenous peoples of the Americas
• Eastern Woodlands tribes
• Southeastern tribes

It has been suggested that List of Native American tribes be merged into this article or section. ... The Eastern Woodlands was a cultural area of the indigenous peoples of North America. ... A sacred religious symbol to the Southeastern tribes was the solar cross which was a symbol of both the sun and fire. ...

External links

• Tubatulabal: Shoshoneans in California