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A modern interpretation of the Green Man as a garden ornament carved in stone

A Green Man is a sculpture, drawing or other representation of a face surrounded by or made from leaves was coined by Lady Raglan in 1939 ^[1]. Branches or vines may sprout from the nose, mouth, nostrils or other parts of the face and these shoots may bear flowers or fruit. Commonly used as a decorative architectural ornament, Green Men are frequently found on carvings in churches and other buildings (both secular and ecclesiastical). "The Green Man" is also a popular name for British public houses and various interpretations of the name appear on inn signs, which sometimes show a full figure rather than just the head. The word Green Man can refer to: a pagan nature symbol known as the Green Man The Quranic figure prominant for his initiation of Moses, Al Khidr a communication device used at police stations of the Garda Síochána in the Republic of Ireland. ... Image File history File links Emblem-important. ... Image File history File links Metadata No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links Metadata No higher resolution available. ... Sculptor redirects here. ... For scale drawings or plans, see Plans (drawings). ... Look up foliage in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The term vine was originally a term for the plant on which grapes grew, from the word for wine (Greek oinos), for which grapes were grown. ... In architecture, ornament is decorative detail on buildings. ... Carving can mean Rock carving Wood carving Meat carving See also: Sculpture, Lapidary This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... For the architectural structure, see Church (building). ... This article should be transwikied to wiktionary Ecclesiastical means pertaining to the Church (especially Christianity) as an organized body of believers and clergy, with a stress on its juridical and institutional structure. ... Pub redirects here. ...

The green Man motif has many different faces and variations. Found in many cultures around the world, the Green Man is often related to natural vegetative deities springing up in different cultures throughout the ages. Primarily it is interpreted as a symbol of rebirth, or "renaissance", representing the cycle of growth being reborn anew each spring. Some speculate that the mythology of the Green Man developed independently in the traditions of separate ancient cultures and evolved into the wide variety of examples found throughout history. In art, a motif is a repeated idea, pattern, image, or theme. ... For other uses, see Spring. ... For other uses, see Mythology (disambiguation). ...

Types of Green Man

A medieval Green Man on the capital of a column in an English kjili

Green Man, detail of a medieval misericord in Ludlow parish church

Usually referred to in works on architecture as foliate heads or foliate masks, carvings of the Green Man may take many forms, naturalistic or decorative. The simplest depict a man's face peering out of dense foliage. Some may have leaves for hair, perhaps with a leafy beard. Often leaves or leafy shoots are shown growing leaves from his open mouth and sometimes even from the nose and eyes as well. In the most abstract examples, the carving at first glance appears to be merely stylised foliage, with the facial element only becoming apparent on closer examination. The face is almost always male; green women are rare. Green cats, lions and demons are also found. On gravestones and other memorials, human skulls are sometimes shown sprouting grape vines or other vegetation, presumably as a symbol of resurrection (see Shebbear, England). Image File history File linksMetadata Green_Man_carving. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Green_Man_carving. ... A capital of the Composite order In Western architecture, the capital (from the Latin caput, head) forms the crowning member of the column, which projects on each side as it rises, in order to support the abacus and unite the square form of the latter with the circular shaft. ... Image File history File links Metadata No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links Metadata No higher resolution available. ... Misericords are small wooden shelves underneath folding seats in order to provide some level of comfort for those standing during long periods of prayer. ... This article is about the town in Shropshire, England. ... “Foliage” redirects here. ... Look up foliage in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Binomial name Felis catus Linnaeus, 1758 Synonyms Felis lybica invalid junior synonym The cat (or domestic cat, house cat) is a small carnivorous mammal. ... For other uses, see Lion (disambiguation). ... “Fiend” redirects here. ... Headstones in the Japanese Cemetry in Broome, Western Australia A cemetery in rural Spain A typical late 20th century headstone in the United States A headstone, tombstone or gravestone is a marker, normally carved from stone, placed over or next to the site of a burial. ... The memorial at the National Memorial Cemetery of the Pacific in Hawaii commemorates American dead from wars in the Pacific. ... For other uses of Skull, see Skull (disambiguation). ... Species Vitis acerifolia Vitis aestivalis Vitis amurensis Vitis arizonica Vitis x bourquina Vitis californica Vitis x champinii Vitis cinerea Vitis x doaniana Vitis girdiana Vitis labrusca Vitis x labruscana Vitis monticola Vitis mustangensis Vitis x novae-angliae Vitis palmata Vitis riparia Vitis rotundifolia Vitis rupestris Vitis shuttleworthii Vitis tiliifolia Vitis... Look up Resurrection in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Elaborately carved grave slab in Shebbear churchyard, showing a skull sprouting flowering shoots, as a symbol of resurrection Shebbear is a village in North Devon with a population of about 600. ...

Although the Green Man appears in many forms, the three most common types have been categorized as follows^{[original research?]}:

• the Foliate Head — completely covered in leaves
• the Disgorging Head — spews vegetation from its mouth
• the Bloodsucker Head — sprouts vegetation from all facial orifices.

The term "Green Man" was coined by Lady Raglan in 1939. It appeared in her article The Green Man in Church Architecture, published in The Folklore Journal. The figure is also often referred to (perhaps erroneously) as "Jack-in-the-Green" or "Jack o' the Green". Year 1939 (MCMXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... A Bogie at Jack in the Green, Hastings In the 16th and 17th centuries in England people would make garlands of flowers and leaves for the May Day celebration. ...

Green Men in churches

This stone carving of a Green Man ("disgorging" type) from Dore Abbey, Herefordshire, England, retains some of its original colouring

Superficially the Green Man would appear to be pagan, perhaps a fertility figure or a nature spirit, similar to the woodwose (the wild man of the woods), and yet he frequently appears, carved in wood or stone, in churches, chapels, abbeys and cathedrals, where examples found dating from the 11th century through to the 20th century. Image File history File linksMetadata Abbey_Dore_painted_Green_Man. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Abbey_Dore_painted_Green_Man. ... Dore Abbey, in Herefordshire, at grid reference SO387303, near the village of Abbey Dore is a former Cistercian Abbey. ... Herefordshire is a historic and ceremonial county and unitary district (known as County of Herefordshire) in the West Midlands region of England. ... Pagan and heathen redirect here. ... Woodwoses support coats of arms in the side panels of a portrait by Albrecht Dürer, 1499 (Alte Pinakothek, Munich) Grand arms of Prussia, 1873 The Woodwose or hairy wildman of the woods was the Sasquatch figure of pre-Christian Gaul, in Anglo-Saxon a Woodwoses appear in the carved... Carved wooden cranes Wood carving is a form of working wood by means of a cutting tool held in the hand (this may be a power tool), resulting in a wooden figure or figurine (this may be abstract in nature) or in the ornamentation of a wooden object. ... Petroglyphs on a Bishop Tuff tableland Petroglyph on Petroglyph Point Petroglyphs on Petroglyph Point Petroglyphs on Petroglyph Point Petroglyphs on Newspaper Rock State Historic Monument Petroglyphs from Scandinavia (Häljesta, Västmanland in Sweden). ... For the architectural structure, see Church (building). ... A chapel is a private church, usually small and often attached to a larger institution such as a college, a hospital, a palace, or a prison. ... Bold textTHIS IS THE PAGE THAT A.S. REALLY NEEDS!! THIS IS NOW MARKED!!! ] ps i like A.O. This article is about an abbey as a Christian monastic community. ... For other uses, see Cathedral (disambiguation). ... As a means of recording the passage of time, the 11th century was that century which lasted from 1001 to 1100. ... (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999...

To the modern observer the earlier (Romanesque and medieval) carvings often have an unnervingly eerie or numinous quality. This is sometimes said to indicate the vitality of the Green Man, who was able to survive as a symbol of pre-Christian traditions despite, and at the same time complementary to, the influence of Christianity.^{[citation needed]} (Rather than alienate their new converts, early Christian missionaries would often adopt and adapt local gods, sometimes turning them into obscure saints.) Interior of the Saint-Saturnin church St-Sernin, Toulouse, 1080 – 1120: elevation of the east end Romanesque sculpture, cloister of St. ... The Middle Ages formed the middle period in a traditional schematic division of European history into three ages: the classical civilization of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and modern times. ... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations · Other religions Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury · Catholic Pope Coptic Pope · Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box:      Christianity is... For other uses, see Missionary (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Saint (disambiguation). ...

Whatever his original significance may have been, many modern churchgoers characterise the Green Man as "the archetype of our oneness with the earth".^{[citation needed]} For other uses, see Archetype (disambiguation). ...

Later variations on the Green Man theme

This wood carving of a Green Man ("foliate head" type) is on the 17th century Renaissance screen at Dore Abbey, Herefordshire, England

Illustration of the sign which used to hang outside a public house in Covent Garden, London, in the 1970s

Door bell found on the island of Murano, Italy

From the Renaissance onwards, elaborate variations on the Green Man theme, often with animal heads rather than human faces, appear in many media other than carvings (including manuscripts, metalwork, bookplates, and stained glass). They seem to have been used for purely decorative effect rather than reflecting any deeply-held belief. A Swiss engraver, Numa Guyot [1], created a bookplate depicting a Green Man in exquisite detail. This engraving was completed circa 1887. Image File history File linksMetadata Dore_Abbey_carving_Foliate_Head. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Dore_Abbey_carving_Foliate_Head. ... (16th century - 17th century - 18th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 17th century was that century which lasted from 1601-1700. ... The rood screen (also choir screen or chancel screen) is a common feature in late medieval church architecture, dividing the chancel from the nave. ... Image File history File links Metadata No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links Metadata No higher resolution available. ... Pub redirects here. ... Covent Garden is a district in London, located on the easternmost parts of the City of Westminster and the southwest corner of the London Borough of Camden. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 444 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1875 × 2532 pixel, file size: 937 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Photo taken by User:Dogears, September 2006 on the island of Murano, near Venice, Italy File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 444 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1875 × 2532 pixel, file size: 937 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Photo taken by User:Dogears, September 2006 on the island of Murano, near Venice, Italy File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del... A shop with boats, Murano Murano is usually described as an island in the Venetian Lagoon, although like Venice itself it is actually an archipelago of islands linked by bridges. ... This article is about the European Renaissance of the 14th-17th centuries. ... A manuscript (Latin manu scriptus, written by hand), strictly speaking, is any written document that is put down by hand, in contrast to being printed or reproduced some other way. ... Metalworking is the craft and practice of working with metals to create parts or structures. ... Figure 1. ... Strictly speaking, stained glass is glass that has been painted with silver stain and then fired. ...

In Britain, the image of the Green Man enjoyed a revival in the 19th century, becoming popular with architects during the Gothic revival and the "Arts and Crafts" era, when it appeared as a decorative motif in and on many buildings, both religious and secular. American architects took up the motif around the same time. The Green Man travelled with the Europeans as they colonized the world. Many variations can be found in Victorian-style Neo gothic architecture. He was very popular amongst Australian stonemasons and can be found on many secular and sacred buildings. Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... For other uses, see Architect (disambiguation). ... Victoria Tower at the Palace of Westminster, London: Gothic details provided by A.W.N. Pugin San Sebastian Church in Manila, Philippines made entirely of steel. ... Artichoke wallpaper, by John Henry Dearle for William Morris & Co. ... Manchester Town Hall is an example of Victorian architecture found in Manchester, UK. The Carson Mansion is an example of a Victorian home in Eureka, California, USA The term Victorian architecture can refer to one of a number of architectural styles predominantly in the Victorian era. ...

Related characters

Parallels have been drawn between the Green Man and various deities. In Thomas Nashe's masque Summer's Last Will and Testament (1592, printed 1600), the character commenting upon the action remarks, after the exit of "Satyrs and wood-Nymphs", "The rest of the green men have reasonable voices..." Mythical figures such as Cernunnos, Sylvanus, Derg Corra, Green George, Jack in the green, John Barleycorn, Robin Goodfellow, Puck and the Green Knight all partake of the Green Man's nature; it has also been suggested that the story of Robin Hood was born of the Green Man mythology. A more modern embodiment might be found in Peter Pan, who enters the civilized world from a nether land, not only clothed in green but wearing leaves as well. Even Father Christmas, who was often shown wreathed in ivy in early depictions, has been suggested as a similar woodland spirit.^{[citation needed]} Look up deity in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Thomas Nashe (November 1567–1600?) was an English Elizabethan pamphleteer, poet and satirist. ... Costume for a Knight, by Inigo Jones: the plumed helmet, the heroic torso in armour and other conventions were still employed for opera seria in the 18th century. ... For other uses, see Mythology (disambiguation). ... Depiction of Cernunnos from the Pilier des nautes, Paris Cernunnos in Celtic polytheism is the deified spirit of horned male animals, especially of stags, a nature god associated with produce and fertility. ... Silvanus may refer to: Silvanus (mythology), a Roman tutelary spirit of woods, apparently inherited from the Etruscan deity Selvan Silvanus Trust, a charitable organization that works to develop the viable and sustainable management of small woodlands, concentrating in the southwest of England Silvanus (Forgotten Realms), a Forgotten Realms Dungeons & Dragons... Jack-in-the-Green, also known as the Green Man, in faerie mythology, was the nature spirit of the greenwood, celebrated throughout Europe. ... Traffics album John Barleycorn Must Die contains a well known version of the John Barleycorn folksong. ... Robin Goodfellow in English folklore is a euphemistic personification of a half-tamed, troublesome elf or hob-goblin, a prankster who is the domesticated aspect of Puck. ... It has been suggested that Puck (Shakespeare) be merged into this article or section. ... The original Gawain Manuscript, Cotton Nero A.x. ... For other uses, see Robin Hood (disambiguation). ... This article is about the play by J.M. Barrie. ... Excerpt from Josiah Kings The Examination and Tryal of Father Christmas (1686), published shortly after Christmas was reinstated as a holy day in England Father Christmas is the name used in the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, and several other Commonwealth countries, for the gift-bringing figure of Christmas... Species Hedera algeriensis – Algerian Ivy Hedera azorica – Azores Ivy Hedera canariensis – Canaries Ivy Hedera caucasigena Hedera colchica – Caucasian Ivy Hedera cypria Hedera helix – Common Ivy Hedera hibernica – Irish Ivy Hedera maderensis – Madeiran Ivy Hedera maroccana Hedera nepalensis – Himalayan Ivy Hedera pastuchowii – Pastuchovs Ivy Hedera rhombea – Japanese Ivy Hedera sinensis...

The Green Knight of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight serves as both monster and mentor to Gawain, belonging to a pre-Christian world which seems antagonistic to but is in the end harmonious with the Christian one. The original Gawain Manuscript, Cotton Nero A.x. ...

Etymological research by the University of Wales into the meaning of the names of Celtic gods and goddesses shows that one Celtic deity, Viridios, has a name meaning "Green Man" in both Celtic and Latin, which are related languages. Not to be confused with Entomology, the scientific study of insects. ... The University of Wales (Prifysgol Cymru in Welsh) is a federal university founded in 1893. ... Celtic polytheism refers to the religious beliefs and practices of ancient Celts until the Christianization of Celtic-speaking lands. ... Look up deity in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Viridios, or Viridius is the supposed deified masculine spirit of verdure, in ancient Celtic polytheism. ... The Celtic languages are the languages descended from Proto-Celtic, or Common Celtic, a branch of the greater Indo-European language family. ... For other uses, see Latin (disambiguation). ...

Tom Cheetham identifies Khidr of esoteric Sufism with the Green Man. In his book about the work of Henry Corbin and others concerning the 12th-century Muslim saint Ibn Arabi, he develops the idea of the Green Man/Khidr as the principle mediating between the imaginal realm and the physical world. Al-Khadir (right) and Dhul-Qarnayn, here referring to Alexander the Great, marvel at the sight of a salted fish that comes back to life when touched by the Water of Life. ... Sufism is a mystic tradition within Islam that encompasses a diverse range of beliefs and practices dedicated to divine love and the cultivation of the heart. ... Henry Corbin (April , 1903 - October 7, 1978) was a philosopher, theologian and professor of Islamic Studies at the Sorbonne in Paris. ... For the Maliki scholar, see Ibn al-Arabi. ...

The Resurrection theme is present in many of the independent figures linked to the green man. Foliate heads, and masks have served as images for Rome's Bacchus, Egypt's Osiris, Greece's Dionysus, Britain's "The Green Knight" and Jack in the in all of these separate artistic representations of foliate heads, with uncannily similar death/rebirth themes spanning millennia of time and all of the western continents. Green Men Masks and gargoyles can be seen in London's Westminster Abbey, The Spanish Alhambra, British "Green Man" houses, Moscow's Cathedrals, The ancient Egyptian Museum in Torino Italy, New York City's Brown Stones, and Mosques in India. The theme of rebirth has been so frequent throughout human mythology, that the extent of the Green Man's reach is almost universal in Western cultures. The personified leaf mask has been historically resurrected as a symbol for many western rebirth myths; perhaps due to cultural adoption, or mere chance.

Author J.K. Rowling has described the character of Hagrid of the Harry Potter series as a modern version of the Green Man - `Hagrid was always supposed to be this almost elemental force. He's like the king of the forest, or the Green Man. He's this semi-wild person who lives on the edge of the forest'. [2] Joanne Rowling OBE (born July 31, 1965 in Chipping Sodbury, South Gloucestershire), commonly known as J.K. Rowling (pronunciation: roll-ing; her former students used to joke with her name calling her the Rolling Stone), is a British fiction writer. ... Rubeus Hagrid (born December 6, year ca. ... This article is about the Harry Potter series of novels. ...

William Anderson's comments

"...There are legends of him (Khidr) in which, like Osiris, he is dismembered and reborn; and prophecies connecting him, like the Green Man, with the end of time. His name means the Green One or Verdant One, he is the voice of inspiration to the aspirant and committed artist. He can come as a white light or the gleam on a blade of grass, but more often as an inner mood. The sign of his presence is the ability to work or experience with tireless enthusiasm beyond one's normal capacities. In this there may be a link across cultures, ... one reason for the enthusiasm of the medieval sculptors for the Green Man may be that he was the source of inspiration." — William Anderson, ". Green Man: The Archetype of our Oneness with the Earth"

Al-Khadir (right) and Dhul-Qarnayn, here referring to Alexander the Great, marvel at the sight of a salted fish that comes back to life when touched by the Water of Life. ... For other uses, see Osiris (disambiguation). ...

Green Men outside Europe

In A Little Book of The Green Man (and on his website [3]) Mike Harding gives some examples of similar figures in Borneo, Nepal and India: the earliest is a foliate head from an 8th century Jain temple in Rajasthan. He also notes that heads from Lebanon and Iraq can be dated to the 2nd century and that there are early Romanesque foliate heads in 11th century Templar churches in Jerusalem. He tentatively suggests that the symbol may have originated in Asia Minor and been brought to Europe by travelling stonecarvers. Mike Harding (born 23 October 1944) is a British singer and comedian. ... Borneo is the third largest island in the world and is located at the centre of Maritime Southeast Asia. ... (7th century — 8th century — 9th century — other centuries) Events The Iberian peninsula is taken by Arab and Berber Muslims, thus ending the Visigothic rule, and starting almost 8 centuries of Muslim presence there. ... JAIN is an activity within the Java Community Process, developing APIs for the creation of telephony (voice and data) services. ... Temple of Hephaestus, an Doric Greek temple in Athens with the original entrance facing east, 449 BC (western face depicted) For other uses, see Temple (disambiguation). ... , Rājasthān (DevanāgarÄ«: राजस्थान, IPA: )   is the largest state of the Republic of India in terms of area. ... The 2nd century is the period from 101 - 200 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian Era. ... As a means of recording the passage of time, the 11th century was that century which lasted from 1001 to 1100. ... For other uses, see Knights Templar (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Jerusalem (disambiguation). ... Anatolia (Greek: ανατολη anatole, rising of the sun or East; compare Orient and Levant, by popular etymology Turkish Anadolu to ana mother and dolu filled), also called by the Latin name of Asia Minor, is a region of Southwest Asia which corresponds today to... For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ...

In Sanskrit the Green Man is cognate with the gana Kirtimukha or "The Face of Glory" which is related to a lila of Shiva and Rahu. The Face of Glory is often seen in Vajrayana Buddhist Thanka Art and iconography where it is often encorporated as a cloudform simulacrum; and depicted crowning the 'Wheel of Becoming' or the Bhavachakra (Beer: 1999). In Hinduism, Ganas are attendants of Shiva and live in Kailasa. ... Kirti Mukha, demon faces Amrithapura Vimana with Kirthimukha, Kedareshwara temple, Balligavi Kirthimukha is an Sanskrit word for a fierce demon face with horns, huge fangs, and gaping mouth often used as a decorative motif in Indian temple architecture. ... Lila is a concept from Hinduism that explains the universe as a cosmic puppet theater or playground for the gods. ... For other uses, see Siva (disambiguation). ... In Hindu mythology, Rahu is a snake that swallows the sun or the moon causing eclipses. ... A mandala used in Vajrayana Buddhist practices. ... Categories: Possible copyright violations ... Look up Iconography in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Simulacrum (plural: simulacra), from the Latin simulare, to make like, to put on an appearance of, originally meaning a material object representing something (such as a cult image representing a deity, or a painted still-life of a bowl of fruit). ... In the dharmic religions (Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism), the wheel of life or dharmachakra (Sanskrit धर्मचक्र; Tibetan chos kyi khor lo; see also the Names section below) is a mandala or symbolic representation of samsara, the continuous cycle of birth, life, death. ...

Neo-Paganism

Wicca

In Wicca, the Green Man has often been used as a representation of the Horned God, a mix of ancient Pagan Gods such as the Celtic Cernunnos and the Greek Pan. For other uses, see Wicca (disambiguation). ... The Pashupati-like figure on the Gundestrup cauldron The Horned God is a modern syncretic term, invented to link together numerous male nature gods out of such widely-dispersed and historically unconnected mythologies as the Celtic Cernunnos, the Welsh Caerwiden, the English Herne the Hunter, the Hindu Pashupati, the Greek... Pagan may refer to: A believer in Paganism or Neopaganism Bagan, a city in Myanmar also known as Pagan Pagan (album), the 6th album by Celtic metal band Cruachan Pagan Island, of the Northern Mariana Islands Pagan Lorn, a metal band from Luxembourg, Europe (1994-1998) Pagans Mind, is... Celtic polytheism refers to the religious beliefs and practices of ancient Celts until the Christianization of Celtic-speaking lands. ... Depiction of Cernunnos from the Pilier des nautes, Paris Cernunnos in Celtic polytheism is the deified spirit of horned male animals, especially of stags, a nature god associated with produce and fertility. ... Pan (Greek , genitive ) is the Greek god of shepherds and flocks, of mountain wilds, hunting and rustic music: paein means to pasture. ...

Trivia

• On the recording Apple Venus Volume 1 by English band XTC, the 6th song is titled "Greenman".
• The fifth track of Type O Negative's October Rust album is also titled "Green Man".
• The Dancing Did released a single entitled "The Green Man and the March of the Bungalows" that concerns the destruction of the English countryside by greedy planners.
• On the 1977 Jethro Tull album Songs From The Wood there is a track called "Jack In The Green" and in the track "Cup of Wonder" there is a reference to the Green Man.
• The myth relating to the Green Man plays a key part in the books Lavondyss and The Hollowing by Robert Holdstock.
• In the 1980 novel Riddley Walker by Russell Hoban, the main character finds a picture of a Green Man (which he calls "Greanvine") in the destroyed Canterbury after dreaming of one.
• A Green Man appears in the closing chapters of Robert Jordan's novel, The Eye of the World.
• In Pirates of the Caribbean, on Davy Jones' ship, there are cannons which come out of the Green Man's mouth.
• The Green Man is the name of the pub in the movie The Wicker Man

Apple Venus Volume 1 is an XTC album released in 1999 on the bands own Idea Records. ... XTC are an influential new wave band from Swindon, England. ... This article is about the band. ... October Rust is the fourth album from Type O Negative. ... The Dancing Did were a short-lived British Goth Folk Rock group. ... For the 18th-century agriculturist after whom the band was named, see Jethro Tull (agriculturist). ... Songs from the Wood (1977) is an album by Jethro Tull, the first of a trio of folk rock albums, Songs from the Wood, Heavy Horses and Stormwatch. ... Spoiler warning: Lavondyss is the second book of the Mythago Wood series by award winning author Robert Holdstock and was originally published in 1988. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Riddley Walker is a novel by Russell Hoban, first published in 1980. ... The Eye of the World (abbreviated as tEotW by fans) is the first book of The Wheel of Time fantasy series written by American author Robert Jordan. ... Pirates of the Caribbean is a multi-billion dollar Walt Disney franchise encompassing a theme park ride, a series of films and spinoff novels as well as numerous video games and other publications. ... This article is about the 1973 film. ...

References

1. ^ Lady Raglan (1939-03-01), "The Green Man in Church Architecture", Folklore 50 (90990): 45–57, <http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0015-587X(193903)50%3A1%3C45%3AT%22MICA%3E2.0.CO%3B2-F>

• Beer, Robert (1999). The Encyclopedia of Tibetan Symbols and Motifs (Hardcover). Shambhala. ISBN-10: 157062416X, ISBN-13: 978-1570624162

Year 1939 (MCMXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 60th day of the year (61st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

See also

• Architectural sculpture in America

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Green men

• Abellio (Celtic God)
• Al-Khidr (Islamic figure)
• Clun (Green Man Festival)
• Chimera
• Gargoyle
• Green language
• Grotesque
• Hunky Punk
• Jack in the green
• Sheela na Gig
• Woodwose

Circa 1895 limestone keystone. ... Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... In Continental Brythonic (Gallic) Celtic mythology, Abellio (also Abelio and Abelionni) was a god of apple trees, worshipped in the Garonne Valley in southwest France. ... Al-Khadir (right) and Dhul-Qarnayn, here referring to Alexander the Great, marvel at the sight of a salted fish that comes back to life when touched by the Water of Life. ... For people named Islam, see Islam (name). ... Map sources for Clun at grid reference SO352801 Clun is a small town in Shropshire, England, in the district of South Shropshire. ... Look up chimera, Chimaera in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Gargoyles redirects here. ... A language of the birds, a mystical, perfect or divine language, or a mythical or magical language used by birds to communicate with the initiated , is postulated in mythology, medieval literature and occultism. ... This article is about the word itself. ... Hunky Punk is Somerset (West Country) dialect for grotesque carvings on the side of buildings (especially churches). ... Jack-in-the-Green, also known as the Green Man, in faerie mythology, was the nature spirit of the greenwood, celebrated throughout Europe. ... Sheela-na-Gigs or Sheela Na Gigs are grotesque figurative carvings of naked females displaying an exaggerated vulva. ... Woodwoses support coats of arms in the side panels of a portrait by Albrecht Dürer, 1499 (Alte Pinakothek, Munich) Grand arms of Prussia, 1873 The Woodwose or hairy wildman of the woods was the Sasquatch figure of pre-Christian Gaul, in Anglo-Saxon a Woodwoses appear in the carved...

Further reading

• Amis, Kingsley The Green Man, Vintage, London (2004) ISBN 0-09-946107-2 (Novel)
• Anderson, William Green Man: The Archetype of our Oneness with the Earth, Harper Collins (1990) ISBN 0-00-599252-4
• Basford, Kathleen The Green Man, D.S. Brewer (2004) ISBN 0-85991-497-6 (The first monograph on the subject, now reprinted in paperback)
• Cheetham, Tom Green Man, Earth Angel: The Prophetic Tradition and the Battle for the Soul of the World , SUNY Press 2004 ISBN 0-7914-6270-6
• Doel, Fran and Doel, Geoff The Green Man in Britain, Tempus Publishing Ltd (May 2001) ISBN 0-7524-1916-1
• Harding, Mike A Little Book of the Green Man, Aurium Press, London (1998) ISBN 1-85410-563-9
• Hicks, Clive The Green Man: A Field Guide, Compass Books (August 2000) ISBN 0-9517038-2-X
• MacDermott, Mercia Explore Green Men, Explore Books, Heart of Albion Press (September 2003) ISBN 1-872883-66-4
• Matthews, John The Quest for the Green Man, Godsfield Press Ltd (May 2004) ISBN 1-84181-232-3
• Neasham, Mary The Spirit of the Green Man, Green Magic (December 2003) ISBN 0-9542963-7-0
• Varner, Gary R The Mythic Forest, the Green Man and the Spirit of Nature, Algora Publishing (March 4th 2006) ISBN 0-87586-434-1

External links

• The Beloved Order of the Greenman - Men's Fraternal Order dedicated to the image Hosting an extensive collection of links on the subject
• Clun Green Man Festival in South Shropshire
• The Green Man in New Zealand
• Alt.Religion - Green Man
• The Green Man Tribe
• The Breinton Morris - Who is the Green Man?
• A Discussion of the Validity of the Green Man Myth
• Green Man on bosses at Canterbury Cathedral
• The Green Man in Birmingham
• The Green Man and the Church
• Green Man East Anglia
• The Green Man: Variations on a Theme
• Green Men and Triple Rabbits
• Mike Harding's Green Man Page Many good pictures, including Asian examples
• Sean Breadin's Green Man Page Alternative perspectives, striking images, together with several short films from a number of UK locations. See also:
• The Devil in the Details Sean Breadin's 'Potted & Personal Overview' of the Green Man.
• The Mythology of the Green Man
• Oxford's Green Men
• The name of the Green Man Research paper by Brandon S Centerwall from Folklore magazine
• St. George: Christian Dragon Slayer or Pagan Green Man?
• www.mythinglinks.org
• Green Men of Manhattan, photos
• The Green Man of Cercles Julianna Lees on Green Man sculptures in Romanesque Churches in France
• Carved Green Man - various examples of native Australian style Green Men and play written about the Green Man
• Green Men in Germany - catalogue of photos of Green men in Germany
• Green Men in The Netherlands - many neo-gothic and a few medieval examples
• Greenmen and Foliate heads carved in limestone