Part of a series on Protestant missions to China

Robert Morrison

Background Christianity Protestantism Chinese history Missions timeline Christianity in China Nestorian missions Roman missions Jesuit missions Protestant missions Image File history File links Robert_Morrison_LMS.jpg‎ From The call of Cathay : a study in missionary work and opportunity in China old and new by Cornaby, W. Arthur (William Arthur), 1860-1921; 1910; London : The Wesleyan Methodist Missionary Society This image is in the public domain in the United States. ... Robert Morrison (Chinese: 馬禮遜; born January 5, 1782 in Bullers Green, near Morpeth, Northumberland; died August 1, 1834 in Canton; buried in the Old Protestant Cemetery in Macau) was a Scottish missionary, the first Protestant missionary in China. ... Christianity is a monotheistic[1] religion centered on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth as presented in the New Testament. ... Protestantism is one of three main groups within Christianity, whose beliefs are centered on Jesus. ... // Note: dates prior to 841 BC are provisional and subject to dispute. ... Timeline of the spread of the Christian Gospel c. ... Christianity in China has developed since at least the 7th century AD. The introduction of Nestorianism, a Christian sect, around 635 is considered by some to be the first entry of the Christian religion into China. ... The form of Christianity often called Nestorianism but better described as the Church of the East spread widely across the continent of Asia following the banishment and condemnation of Nestorius, Patriarch of Constantinople, at the Council of Ephesus in 431. ... The Second major thrust of Christianity into China occurred during the thirteenth century. ... The history of the missions of the Jesuits in China in the early modern era stands as one of the notable events in the early history of relations between China and the Western world, as well as a prominent example of relations between two cultures and belief systems in the... During the last half of the eighteenth and the opening decades of the nineteenth century little was done to advance the cause of Christ in China. ...

People Karl Gützlaff W. H. Medhurst J. Hudson Taylor Lottie Moon Timothy Richard Jonathan Goforth Cambridge Seven Gladys Aylward more missionaries Karl Friedrich August Gützlaff, anglicized as Charles Gutzlaff, (8 July 1803–9 August 1851) was a German missionary to the Far East, notable as one of the first Protestant missionaries in Bangkok, and for his books about China. ... Walter Henry Medhurst (Chinese: 麥都思, 1796-1857), English Congregationalist missionary to China, was born in London and educated at St Pauls school. ... James Hudson Taylor (May 21, 1832 – June 3, 1905), Christian missionary to China and founder of the China Inland Mission, served there for 51 years, bringing over 800 missionaries to the country and personally baptizing an estimated 50,000 converts. ... Lottie Moon Lottie Moon (1840-1912) was a missionary to China who spent 40 years helping the Chinese - weighing only 50 lbs at her death having given away all she had to aid the starving Chinese. ... Timothy Richard was a Baptist missionary to China who influenced the rise of the Chinese Republic. ... The Reverend Jonathan Goforth, DD, (Chinese: 顧約拿單 ), February 10, 1859-October 8, 1936) was a Canadian Presbyterian missionary to China. ... The Cambridge Seven were seven students from Cambridge University, who in 1885, decided to become missionaries in China; the seven were: C.T. Studd, M. Beauchamp, S.P. Smith, A.T. Polhill-Turner, D.E. Hoste, C.H. Polhill-Turner, W.W. Cassels At the time, few in England were... Gladys Aylward (Chinese name: 艾偉德, pinyin: Ai. ... // See List of China Inland Mission missionaries in China. ...

Missionary agencies China Inland Mission London Missionary Society Church Missionary Society American Presbyterian Mission Baptist Missionary Society The China Inland Mission was a missionary society, set up by English missionary Hudson Taylor on 25 June 1865 in Brighton during a home leave. ... The London Missionary Society was a non-denominational missionary society formed in England in 1795 by evangelical Anglicans and Nonconformists, largely Congregationalist in outlook, with missions in the islands of the South Pacific and Africa. ... The Church Mission Society (formerly the Church Missionary Society) is a voluntary society working with the Anglican Church and other Protestant Christians around the world. ... American Presbyterian Mission was an American Presbyterian missionary society that was involved in sending workers to countries such as China during the late Qing Dynasty. ... The Baptist Missionary Society (from 2000 BMS World Mission) is a Christian missionary society founded by Baptists from England around 1792AD. The original name of the society was the Particular Baptist Society for the Propagation of the Gospel Amongst the Heathen. ...

Works Chinese Bible Translations Christian Colleges in China Christian Hospitals in China Chinese Hymnody Chinese Dialects and Vernacular Versions of the Bible [1] // Old Testament (Samuel Isaac Joseph Schereschewsky), 1875 New Testament (Peking Committee), 1870 New Testament (Griffith John), 1887 New Testament, 1889 Portions of New Testament for the Blind New Testament, 1856 New Testament, 1881 Isaiah-Daniel, 1886 New Testament, 1870 New Testament... This is an incomplete list, which may never be able to satisfy certain standards for completeness. ... This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it. ... A List of Chinese Christian Hymn Books published between 1807-1912. ...

Pivotal events Taiping Rebellion Opium Wars Boxer Rebellion Chinese Civil War Sino-Japanese Wars Combatants Qing Empire Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Commanders Xianfeng Emperor, Tongzhi Emperor, Empress Dowager Cixi Hong Xiuquan The Taiping Rebellion (1851–1864) was perhaps the bloodiest civil war in human history, a clash between the forces of the Qing Empire in China and those inspired by a Hakka self-proclaimed mystic... The Opium Wars (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: ), or the Anglo-Chinese Wars were two wars fought in the mid-1800s that were the climax of a long dispute between China and Britain. ... Combatants Eight-Nation Alliance (ordered by contribution): Japan Russia United Kingdom France United States Germany Italy Austria-Hungary Righteous Harmony Society Qing China Commanders Edward Seymour Alfred Graf von Waldersee Ci Xi Strength 20,000 initially 49,000 total Over 100,000 Casualties 230 foreigners, thousands of civilians Unknown The... Combatants Chinese Nationalists Chinese Communists Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Mao Zedong Strength 4,300,000 (July 1946) 3,650,000 (June 1948) 1,490,000 (June 1949) 1,200,000 (July 1946) 2,800,000 (June 1948) 4,000,000 (June 1949) The Chinese Civil War (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese... There were two wars known as the Sino-Japanese War (between China and Japan): The First Sino-Japanese War occurred between 1894 and 1895, primarily over control of Korea. ...

Chinese Protestants Liang Fa Wang Laijun Xi Shengmo John Sung Ming-Dao Wang Liang Fa (梁發 in pinyin: liang2 fa1) (1789 - April 12, 1855), birth surname Gong (恭), courtesy name Zinan (濟南), nicknamed Ah Fa (阿發 a1 fa1), was the first Chinese Protestant preacher. ... Wang Laijun was a Chinese Protestant Christian pastor and missionary in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China in the late 1800s. ... Xi Shengmo, (circa 1830-1896) also known as Pastor Hsi, was a Chinese Christian leader. ... John Sung Shang Chieh (宋尚節; also spelled John Song; 1901-09-29 – 1944-08-18) was a renowned evangelist. ... Ming-Dao Wang (or Wang Ming-Dao as spoken in Chinese) (王明道, 1900-1991) was born in Beijing and is considered an outspoken fundamentalist in Chinese Christian church theology. ... This box: view • talk • edit

Griffith John Missionary to China Born December 14, 1831 Swansea, South Wales Died July 25, 1912 England

Griffith John (December 14, 1831 – July 25, 1912) was a Welsh Christian Congregationalist missionary to China and a pioneer evangelist with the London Missionary Society. He was also a writer and a translator of the Bible into Chinese. December 14 is the 348th day of the year (349th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Leopold I 1831 (MDCCCXXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... July 25 is the 206th day (207th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 159 days remaining. ... 1912 (MCMXII) was a leap year starting on Monday in the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday in the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Look up Welsh in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Christians believe that Jesus is the mediator of the New Covenant (see Hebrews 8:6). ... Congregational churches are Protestant Christian churches practicing congregationalist church governance, in which each congregation independently and autonomously runs its own affairs. ... A missionary is traditionally defined as a propagator of religion who works to convert those outside that community; someone who proselytizes. ... Evangelism is the proclaiming of the Christian Gospel. ... The London Missionary Society was a non-denominational missionary society formed in England in 1795 by evangelical Anglicans and Nonconformists, largely Congregationalist in outlook, with missions in the islands of the South Pacific and Africa. ... This Gutenberg Bible is displayed by the United States Library of Congress. ...

John was born at Swansea, South Wales. He studied for the Congregational ministry at Brecon College, Wales and Bedford Academy, England and was ordained in 1855. That same year he married his first wife, Jane Griffith, a missionary's daughter. After ordination he offered himself for service in Madagascar. But he was persuaded by LMS to accept appointment to China and the newly wed couple made the voyage to Shanghai arriving in September of 1855. Griffith John served in China for 55 years. Jane died in 1873. Swansea (Welsh: , mouth of the Tawe) is a city in Wales and a Welsh County. ... Approximate extent of South Wales South Wales (Welsh: ) is an area of Wales bordered by England and the Bristol Channel to the east and south, and Mid Wales and West Wales to the north and west. ... This article is about the country. ... Motto: (French for God and my right) Anthem: God Save the King/Queen Capital London (de facto) Largest city London Official language(s) English (de facto) Unification    - by Athelstan AD 927  Area    - Total 130,395 km² (1st in UK)   50,346 sq mi  Population    - 2006 est. ... 1855 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... 1873 (MDCCCLXXIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ...

He was brought up a Congregationalist, and at the age of eight was admitted to full membership of his chapel. When only fourteen he delivered his first sermon at a prayer meeting; at sixteen he became a regular preacher, and was subsequently trained at the Brecon Congregational College for the ministry. In 1813 he offered his services to the London Missionary Society, and after two years' training sailed for Shanghai in 1855. An inveterate itinerator, he became well known for his extensive missionary journeys into the Chinese interior - ��journeys that sometimes stretched to 3,000 miles or more. He was among the first to begin Protestant missionary work in Hupeh, Hunan, and Szechwan. John set up schools, hospitals and training colleges with a permanent base at Hankou. Protestantism is a general grouping of denominations within Christianity. ... Not to be confused with the unrelated province of Hebei Hubei (Chinese: 湖北; pinyin: Húběi; Wade-Giles: Hu-pei, also seen as Hupeh), abbreviated to 鄂 (pinyin: È, WG: O), a province of the Peoples Republic of China, lies to the north of the Dongting Lake...   (Chinese: ; pinyin: Húnán) is a province of China, located in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and south of Lake Dongting (hence the name Hunan, meaning south of the lake). Hunan is sometimes called 湘 (pinyin: Xiāng) for short, after the Xiang River which runs through the... Sichuan (Chinese: 四川; pinyin: Sìchuān; Wade-Giles: Ssu-ch`uan; non-standard transliteration: Szechwan) is a province in central-western China with its capital at Chengdu. ... Hankou (漢口; pinyin: Hànkǒu; Wade-Giles: Hankow) is one of the three towns, together with Wuchang and Hanyang, which are included in modern day Wuhan, the capital of the Hubei province, in China. ...

In 1861 he went from Shanghai through the provinces of central China, which he was the first Christian missionary to penetrate, and he claimed that with his colleagues he had established over 100 mission stations in Hupeh and Hunan. In July of that year he had moved to Hankou, which remained his base until his final departure from China in 1912 although in 1863 he was in Wuchang; and in 1867 Hanyang. John, fluent in both spoken and written Chinese, made a major contribution to the Chinese church as author, translator, and preacher. A powerful and eloquent speaker, he was popular with the Chinese, who would gather in great numbers to hear him preach. He was notably successful in training and mentoring numerous Chinese evangelists. He was also a prolific pamphleteer, authoring numerous popular tracts and serving for many years as chairman of the Central China Tract Society. 1863 (MDCCCLXIII) is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar). ... Wuchang (Chinese: 武昌; pinyin: Wǔchāng) is one of the three towns, together with Hankou and Hanyang, which are included in modern day Wuhan, the capital of the Hubei province, in China. ... 1867 (MDCCCLXVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Hanyang is also a former name of Seoul, South Korea. ...

He acquired an intimate knowledge of the Chinese language and literature, and translated the New Testament and a great part of the Old into more than one Chinese dialect. John wrote a Mandarin translation of the New Testament, Psalms, and Proverbs, as well as a Wen-li New Testament, published in 1885. Elected chairman of the Congregational Union of England and Wales for 1889, he declined the honor, remaining instead in Hankou among the Chinese that he loved. In the Yangtze valley he founded a theological college for native preachers, which bears his name. The University of Edinburgh conferred on him the degree of D.D. (1889) in recognition of his service to the Chinese. During a career spanning 60 years, John left China only three times, returning finally to England in January of 1912. Mandarin has a number of meanings: mandarin, a bureaucrat of Imperial China, and in the United Kingdom and Canada, by analogy, any government bureaucrat Mandarin, a group of dialects of spoken Chinese, or more specifically, its standardized dialect, Standard Mandarin Mandarin Airlines, a subsidiary of China Airlines mandarin duck, Aix... John 21:1 Jesus Appears to His Disciples--Alessandro Mantovani: the Vatican, Rome. ... Psalms (from the Greek: Psalmoi (songs sung to a harp, originally from psallein play on a stringed instrument), Ψαλμοί; Hebrew: Tehilim, תהילים) is a book of the Hebrew Bible, Tanakh or Old Testament. ... Proverbs may refer to: The plural of the word proverb. ... Length 6,380 km Elevation of the source  ? m Average discharge 31,900 m³/s Area watershed 1,800,000 km² Origin Qinghai Province and Tibet Mouth East China Sea Basin countries China The Chang Jiang (Simplified Chinese: 长江; Traditional Chinese: 長江; pinyin: Cháng Jiāng... The University of Edinburgh, founded in 1582,[4] is a renowned centre for teaching and research in Edinburgh, Scotland. ...

References

This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain. Encyclopædia Britannica, the 11th edition The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910–1911) is perhaps the most famous edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica. ... The public domain comprises the body of all creative works and other knowledge—writing, artwork, music, science, inventions, and others—in which no person or organization has any proprietary interest. ...

• R. Wardlaw Thompson, Griffith John: the story of fifty years in China, London, 1906
• Noel Gibbard, Griffith John: apostle to Central China , Bridgend, 1998.
• Hudson Taylor & China’s Open Century Volume Six: Assault On The Nine; Alfred James Broomhall; Hodder and Stoughton and Overseas Missionary Fellowship, 1988