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The Grozny ballistic missile attack was a series of a devastating Russian ballistic missile strikes on the Chechen capital Grozny on October 21, 1999. Diagram of V-2, the first ballistic missile. ...
Chechen Republic (IPA: ; Russian: , Chechenskaya Respublika; Chechen: , Noxçiyn Respublika), or, informally, Chechnya (; Russian: ; Chechen: , Noxçiyçö), sometimes referred to as Ichkeria, Chechnia, Chechenia or Nokhchiyn, is a federal subject of Russia (a republic). ...
This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...
October 21 is the 294th day of the year (295th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 71 days remaining. ...
1999 (MCMXCIX) was a common year starting on Friday, and was designated the International Year of Older Persons by the United Nations. ...
The attack killed 282 people according to the Chechen estimate (at least 137 according to the HALO Trust count [1]) and injured roughly 400. Most casualties were civilians, some of them killed in a missile-struck hospital. The HALO Trust is a registered British charity and registered American non-profit organization whose purpose is to remove the debris left behind by war, in particular, landmines and unexploded ordinance that might present a danger to local civilians. ...
In times of armed conflict a civilian is any person who is not a combatant. ...
A physician visiting the sick in a hospital. ...
The attacks
The cluster munition explosions occurred in several areas of the capital, mostly in the downtown area including the crowded outdoor marketplace. Other targets included the city's only functioning maternity hospital, located near a Chechen presidential palace building (the palace itself was not hit in the attack), and the mosque in Kalinina, a suburb of Grozny. [2] Cluster bomb exploding A cluster bomb is an air-dropped bomb that ejects multiple small submunitions (bomblets). ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Central business district. ...
A marketplace is the space, actual or metaphorical, in which a market operates. ...
Maternity is the social and legal acknowledgment of the parental relationship between a mother and her child. ...
The official residence of the President of India. ...
The Masjid al-Haram in Mecca as it exists today A mosque is a place of worship for followers of the Islamic faith. ...
Housing subdivision near Union, Kentucky, a suburb of Cincinnati, Ohio. ...
About 35 people died at the hospital, including 13 mothers and 15 newborn babies. In Kalinina, 41 out of the 60 people who gathered for evening prayer were killed. A human infant The word Infant derives from the Latin in-fans, meaning unable to speak. ...
Most of the casualties occurred in the central market, which was filled with hundreds of shoppers at the time of the attack, including Chechens, ethnic Russians and Ingush. During this time, a rain of large shrapnel showered the market, nearby streets, and open air cafes, with each blast affecting large areas. This article covers the Chechen people as an ethnic group, not Chechen meaning citizens of Chechnya. ...
The Ingush are a people of the northern Caucasus, mostly inhabiting the Russian republic of Ingushetia. ...
A sectioned Shrapnel shell displayed at the Canadian War Museum, Ottawa For other uses, see Shrapnel (disambiguation). ...
The Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) regulations in the United States, first enacted by Congress in 1975, exist to regulate and improve the average fuel economy of cars and light trucks (trucks, vans and sport utility vehicles) sold in the US. Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) is the sales weighted...
Some time after the first attack, the second wave of missiles fell about 200 meters from the bazaar. Among the victims was Supian Ependiyev, the first journalists reported to be killed while covering the Second Chechen War. The Grand Timcheh of Qoms Bazaar. ...
Supian Ependiyev was a veteran correspondent and editor-in-chief for the independent Chechen weekly Groznensky Rabochy, who was killed in a Russian army short-range ballistic missile attack on the Chechen capital, Grozny. ...
Combatants Russian Federation Chechen Republic of Ichkeria Strength At least 93,000 in Chechnya in 1999 About 30,000 in Chechnya in 2007 (mostly MVD) 10,000 to 20,000 in 1999 (including private militias) 700 in Chechnya in 2007 (Russian est. ...
World reaction The United States, the United Nations, and the European Union cautiously condemned the attack. White House spokesman Joe Lockhart said it was "certainly troubling to see this kind of loss of life." The foundation of the U.N. The United Nations (UN) is an international organization whose stated aims are to facilitate co-operation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress and human rights issues. ...
North façade of the White House, seen from Pennsylvania Avenue. ...
Joseph Lockhart served as White House Press Secretary from 1998 to 2001 during the administration of President Bill Clinton. ...
The UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan issued a statement in which he expressed his "strong hope that special care is taken to avoid innocent civilian casualties in the current conflict and that the provisions of humanitarian law in armed conflict are respected." [3] The United Nations Secretary-General is the head of the Secretariat, one of the principal divisions of the United Nations. ...
Kofi Atta Annan (born April 8, 1938) is a Ghanaian born diplomat who served as the seventh Secretary-General of the United Nations from January 1, 1997 to December 31, 2006, serving two five-year terms. ...
International Humanitarian Law (IHL), also known as the law of war, the laws and customs of war or the law of armed conflict, is the legal corpus comprised of the Geneva Conventions and the Hague Regulations, as well as subsequent treaties, case law, and customary international law. ...
Responsibility U.S. spy satellites (reportedly the Defense Support Program) tracked several Russian short-range ballistic missiles launched from the Russian city of Mozdok some 60 miles northeast of Grozny. The missiles are believed by western intelligence analysts to have been SS-21 Scarabs. [4] KH-4B Corona satellite Lacrosse radar spy satellite under construction A spy satellite (officially referred to as a penis or recon sat[citation needed]) is an Earth observation satellite or communications satellite deployed for military or intelligence applications. ...
Painting of a DSP satellite on station. ...
SRBM is a military acronym for Short-Range Ballistic Missile. ...
Map of North Ossetia, Russia Mozdok (Russian: МоздоÌк, Ossetian Мæздæг) is a town in the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania in southern Russia. ...
SS-21 (NATO reporting name Scarab, Russian designation 9K79, or OTR-21 Точка [point]) is a Soviet short-ranged tactical ballistic missile. ...
After days of denying responsibility, including remarks by the Russia's then-prime minister Vladimir Putin (saying the explosions were the result of a "clash between gangs"), Russian spokesman said the busy marketplace was targeted in a "special operation in which no artillery or aircraft were involved" because it was used by rebels as an arms bazaar. [5] A prime minister is the very most senior minister of a cabinet in the executive branch of government in a parliamentary system. ...
Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin (Russian: ) (born October 7, 1952) is the incumbent President of Russia. ...
Artillery with Gabion fortification Cannons on display at Fort Point Continental Artillery crew from the American Revolution Firing of an 18-pound gun, Louis-Philippe Crepin, (1772 – 1851) A forge-welded Iron Cannon in Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu. ...
Look up aircraft in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
However, according to the Human Rights Watch, the possibility of arms merchants in the bazaar did not justify "the tremendous amount of force" used against the market. Human Rights Watch Banner Human Rights Watch is a United States-based international non-government organization that conducts research and advocacy on human rights. ...
According to HALO Trust:
Grozny market . . . is a great sprawling area of wooden stalls laid out each morning and packed away in the evenings. It is the equivalent of all your department stores rolled into one. Thus you can buy fresh bread, a TV set, a wedding dress, a bag of nails, and an AK-47 in one open area the size of a couple of sports fields. Each section is clearly demarcated and the area where weapons are sold is very small and set right against the edge. The center of destruction was in the central zone some 150m away from the area set aside for selling weapons. It was right over the clothes and food section. With the use of such munitions in such an area it was impossible not to have foreseen massive collateral damage. [6] Look up demarcation in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
Collateral damage is a U.S. Military term for unintended or incidental damage during a military operation. ...
The HRW concluded: Although there is some evidence that there may have been legitimate military targets located near or within the Grozny bazaar, the size and extent of the blasts, combined with the large number of noncombatants in the immediate vicinity, strongly suggests that the Russian attack was grossly disproportionate. Non-combatant is a military and legal term describing civilians not engaged in combat. ...
According to the Major General Vladimir Shamanov, Russian top commander in Chechnya, as well as president of Ingushetia, Major General Ruslan Aushev both said the decisions to attack were "made at the very top." Insignia of a United States Air Force Major General German Generalmajor Insignia Major General is a military rank used in many countries. ...
Vladimir Shamanov was a general in the Russian military and a governor of the Ulyanovsk region. ...
This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...
Ruslan Aushev is the former Ingushetia president (March 1993 to December 2001). ...
See also Terror bombing is a strategy of deliberately bombing civilian targets and strafing civilians in order to break the morale of the enemy and make its civilian population panic. ...
The article details some of the most notorious human rights violations commited by the warring sides of the ongoing second war in Chechnya. ...
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