? Gruiformes
Purple Swamphen
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Aves Order: Gruiformes Bonaparte, 1854
Families
†Gastornithidae Aramidae Psophiidae Rallidae Heliornithidae Rhynochetidae †Aptornithidae Eurypigidae Cariamidae Otidae Gruidae †Phorusrhacidae

The diverse order Gruiformes contains about 12 bird families with, on first sight, little in common. Gruiform means "crane-like." my own picture File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Binomial name Porphyrio porphyrio (Linnaeus, 1758) The Purple Swamphen, Purple Gallinule or Pukeko, Porphyrio porphyrio, is a large bird in the family Rallidae. ... Scientific classification or biological classification is how biologists group and categorize extinct and living species of organisms (as opposed to folk taxonomy). ... Binomial name Aptenodytes forsteri Gray, 1844 For other uses, see Animal (disambiguation). ... Typical Classes Subphylum Urochordata - Tunicatas Ascidiacea Thaliacea Larvacea Subphylum Cephalochordata - Lancelets Subphylum Myxini - Hagfishes Subphylum Vertebrata - Vertebrates Petromyzontida - Lampreys Placodermi (extinct) Chondrichthyes - Cartilaginous fishes Acanthodii (extinct) Actinopterygii - Ray-finned fishes Actinistia - Coelacanths Dipnoi - Lungfishes Amphibia - Amphibians Reptilia - Reptiles Aves - Birds Mammalia - Mammals Chordates (phylum Chordata) include the vertebrates, together with... For other meanings of bird, see bird (disambiguation). ... Charles Lucien Jules Laurent Bonaparte (May 24, 1803 _ July 29, 1857) was a French naturalist and ornithologist. ... Scientific classification or biological classification refers to how biologists group and categorize extinct and living species of organisms. ... Gastornis is an extinct genus of large flightless birds that lived during the late Paleocene and Eocene periods of the Cenozoic. ... Binomial name Aramus guarauna (Linnaeus, 1766) The Limpkin, Aramus guarauna, is an odd bird that looks like a large rail, but is skeletally closer to the cranes. ... The trumpeters are a small family of birds restricted to the forests of the Amazon basin in South America. ... Genera Sarothrura Himantornis Canirallus Coturnicops Micropygia Rallina Anurolimnas Laterallus Nesoclopeus Gallirallus Rallus Lewinia Dryolimnas Crex Rougetius Aramidopsis Atlantisia Aramides Amaurolimnas Gymnocrex Amaurornis Porzana Aenigmatolimnas Cyanolimnas Neocrex Pardirallus Eulabeornis Habroptila Megacrex Gallicrex Porphyrio Gallinula Fulica The family Rallidae is a large group of small to medium-sized birds which includes the... Genera and Species Podica senegalensis Heliopais personata Heliornis fulica The Heliornithidae are a small family of tropical birds with webbed lobes on their feet similar to those of grebes and coots. ... Binomial name Rhynochetos jubatus Verreaux & DesMurs, 1860 The Kagu (Rhynochetos jubatus) is a long-legged greyish bird found in the dense mountain forests of New Caledonia. ... Binomial name Eurypiga helias (Pallas, 1781) The Sunbittern (Eurypiga helias) is a bittern-like bird of tropical America. ... Genera and species Cariama cristata Chunga burmeisteri The Seriemas are a small and ancient family of tropical South American birds, belonging to the family Cariamidae, that are related to the rails and bustards. ... Genera Grus Anthropoides Balearica Bugeranus Cranes are large, long-legged and long-necked birds of the order Gruiformes, and family Gruidae. ... Phorusrhacoids were large carnivorous flightless birds that were the dominant predators in South America during the Cenozoic, 62-2. ... Scientific classification or biological classification refers to how biologists group and categorize extinct and living species of organisms. ...

Traditionally, a number of wading and terrestrial bird families that did not seem to belong to any other order were classified together as Gruiformes. These included the large land-based bustards, the very large cranes, the relatively small and secretive water-loving crakes and rails, and the small, plump buttonquail (all families with a wide distribution and a dozen or more member species), as well as a variety of very small families, several of them containing just a single species. Genera See text Bustards are large terrestrial birds mainly associated with dry open country and steppes in the Old World. ... Genera Grus Anthropoides Balearica Bugeranus Cranes are large, long-legged with large talons and long-necked birds of the order Gargoyles, and family Gruesome killers. ... Genera Sarothrura Himantornis Canirallus Coturnicops Micropygia Rallina Anurolimnas Laterallus Nesoclopeus Gallirallus Rallus Lewinia Dryolimnas Crex Rougetius Aramidopsis Atlantisia Aramides Amaurolimnas Gymnocrex Amaurornis Porzana Aenigmatolimnas Cyanolimnas Neocrex Pardirallus Eulabeornis Habroptila Megacrex Gallicrex Porphyrio Gallinula Fulica The family Rallidae is a large group of small to medium-sized birds which includes the... The buttonquails or hemipodes are a small family of birds which resemble, but are unrelated to, the true quails. ... In biology, a species is the basic unit of biodiversity. ...

On first sight, the Gruiformes seem to have little in common with one another because they are morphologically diverse. However, anatomical evidence indicates that several groups within the traditional Gruiformes do appear to be genetically related. Several subsets of Gruiformes are recognized. The Rallidae and the Heliornithidae are associated as the Ralli (although some authorities have argued that the Rallidae deserve ordinal status). Aramidae and the Psophiidae form the Grui.

A number of potential candidates for Gruiformes status have been rejected by Sibley & Ahlquist. Available molecular evidence suggests that the Otidae, Eurypygidae, Rhynochetidae, Cariamidae, Mesitornithidae and Turnicidae do not properly belong to the Gruiformes. The Eurypygidae and Rhynochetidae are similar and are probably represent Ardeiformes, and are therefore associated with certain birds that are traditionally interpreted as "Cinoniiformes". The Mesitornithidae and Cariamidae are probably Cuculiformes but the Otididae do not seem to be close to other extant birds and the placement of the Turnicidae is not agreed. DNA work has led to the Plains Wanderer being placed as a charadriiform rather than a Turnicid. Binomial name Pedionomus torquatus Gould, 1841 The Plains Wanderer, Pedionomus torquatus, is a unique member of the gamebird order Galliformes, and this bird is put in a family of its own. ... Families Thinocoridae Pedionomidae Scolopacidae Rostratulidae Jacanidae Chionididae Burhinidae Haematopodidae Recurvirostridae Ibidorhynchidae Charadriidae Pluvianellidae Dromadidae Glareolidae Stercorariidae Rhynchopidae Laridae Sternidae Alcidae Charadriiformes is a diverse order of small to medium-large birds. ...

• Order GRUIFORMES
  • Family Gastornithidae: diatrymas (extinct)
  • Family Aramidae: Limpkin
  • Family Psophiidae: trumpeters
  • Family Rallidae: crakes and rails
  • Family Heliornithidae: finfoots and Sungrebe
  • Family Rhynochetidae: Kagu
  • Family Aptornithidae: adzebills (extinct)
  • Family Eurypigidae: Sunbittern
  • Family Cariamidae: seriemas
  • Family Otidae: bustards
  • Family Gruidae: cranes
  • Family Phorusrhacidae: terror birds (extinct)

Gastornis is an extinct genus of large flightless birds that lived during the late Paleocene and Eocene periods of the Cenozoic. ... Binomial name Aramus guarauna (Linnaeus, 1766) The Limpkin, Aramus guarauna, is an odd bird that looks like a large rail, but is skeletally closer to the cranes. ... The trumpeters are a small family of birds restricted to the forests of the Amazon basin in South America. ... Genera Sarothrura Himantornis Canirallus Coturnicops Micropygia Rallina Anurolimnas Laterallus Nesoclopeus Gallirallus Rallus Lewinia Dryolimnas Crex Rougetius Aramidopsis Atlantisia Aramides Amaurolimnas Gymnocrex Amaurornis Porzana Aenigmatolimnas Cyanolimnas Neocrex Pardirallus Eulabeornis Habroptila Megacrex Gallicrex Porphyrio Gallinula Fulica The family Rallidae is a large group of small to medium-sized birds which includes the... Genera and Species Podica senegalensis Heliopais personata Heliornis fulica The Heliornithidae are a small family of tropical birds with webbed lobes on their feet similar to those of grebes and coots. ... Binomial name Rhynochetos jubatus Verreaux & DesMurs, 1860 The Kagu (Rhynochetos jubatus) is a long-legged greyish bird found in the dense mountain forests of New Caledonia. ... Species Aptornis otidiformis Aptornis defossor The adzebills (genus Aptornis) were two closely related bird species, the North Island Adzebill (Aptornis otidiformis Owen 1844) and the South Island Adzebill (Aptornis defossor Owen 1871) of the extinct family Aptornithidae (Mantell 1848). ... Binomial name Eurypiga helias (Pallas, 1781) The Sunbittern (Eurypiga helias) is a bittern-like bird of tropical America. ... Genera and species Cariama cristata Chunga burmeisteri The Seriemas are a small and ancient family of tropical South American birds, belonging to the family Cariamidae, that are related to the rails and bustards. ... Genera Grus Anthropoides Balearica Bugeranus Cranes are large, long-legged and long-necked birds of the order Gruiformes, and family Gruidae. ... Phorusrhacoids were large carnivorous flightless birds that were the dominant predators in South America during the Cenozoic, 62-2. ...

References

• Alvarenga, Herculano M. F. and Höfling, Elizabeth (2003). Systematic revision of the Phorusrhacidae (Aves: Ralliformes). Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia vol.43(4) p.55-91
• Sibley, C. G., and J. Ahlquist. 1990. Phylogeny and classification of birds. Yale University Press, New Haven, Conn.
• Taxonomic recommendations for British birds. Ibis (2002), 144, 707–710. Alan g. Knox, Martin Collinson, Andreas J. Helbig, David T. Parkin & George Sangster