G-21 Goose
Type	Amphibious transport
Manufacturer	Grumman
Maiden flight	1937
Primary users	United States Navy Royal Air Force US Army Air Force Royal Canadian Air Force
Number built	345
Variants	Grumman Widgeon

The Grumman G-21 Goose amphibious flying boat was designed as a ten-seat "commuter" plane for businessmen in the Long Island area. The Goose was Grumman’s first monoplane to fly, its first twin-engined aircraft and its first aircraft to enter commercial airline service. During World War II, the Goose became an effective transport for the US military and Coast Guard, as well as serving with many other air forces. During hostilities, the Goose took on an increasing number of combat and training roles. In postwar use, the adaptable little transport continued in use. Grumman Goose air-sea rescue amphibian. ... The word amphibious or amphibian, when used alone, has several possible meanings in the English language. ... An aerospace manufacturer is a company or individual involved in the various aspects of designing, building, testing, selling, and maintaining aircraft, aircraft parts, missiles, rockets, and/or spacecraft. ... The Grumman Aircraft Engineering Corporation, later Grumman Aerospace Corporation, was a leading producer of military and civilian aircraft of the 20th century. ... The Maiden flight of an aircraft is the first occasion on which an aircraft leaves the ground of its own accord. ... Year 1937 (MCMXXXVII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... USN redirects here. ... “RAF” redirects here. ... USAAF recruitment poster. ... The Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) was the air force of Canada from 1924 until 1968 when the three branches of the Canadian military were merged into the Canadian Forces. ... The Grumman G-44 Widgeon is a small, six-person, twin-engine amphibious aircraft. ... An amphibious or amphibian aircraft is an aircraft that can land on either land or water. ... Boeing 314 A flying boat is an aircraft that is designed to take off and land on water, in particular a type of seaplane which uses its fuselage as a floating hull (instead of pontoons mounted below the fuselage). ... This article is about the island in New York State. ... The Grumman Aircraft Engineering Corporation, later Grumman Aerospace Corporation, was a leading producer of military and civilian aircraft of the 20th century. ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000...

Design and development

In 1937, the Grumman Model G-21 was designed as a light amphibian transport. The typical Grumman rugged construction was matched to an all-metal, high-winged monoplane powered by two 450-horsepower Pratt and Whitney Wasp Jr. nine-cylinder, air-cooled radial engines mounted on the leading edge of high-set wings. The deep fuselage served also as a hull and was equipped with hand-cranked retractable landing gear. The versatile fuselage provided generous interior space and allowed fitting for either a a transport or luxury airliner role. Having an amphibious configuration also allowed the G-21 to go just about anywhere.

Operational history

Envisioned as corporate or private "flying yachts" for Manhattan millionaires, initial production models normally carried two to three passengers and had a bar and small toilet installed. As well as being marketed to small air carriers, the G-21 was also promoted as a military transport. In 1938, the US Army Air Force purchased the type as the OA-9 (later, in the war years, examples bought from civilian owners were designated the OA-13A) the US Navy variants were called the JRF. The amphibian was soon adopted by the Coast Guard and, during World War II, it also served with the RCAF in transport, reconnaissance, rescue and training roles and for air-sea rescue duties by the RAF. It was while serving with the RAF that it received the name "Goose". The United States Navy (USN) is the branch of the United States armed forces responsible for naval operations. ... USCG HH-65 Dolphin USCG HH-60J JayHawk The United States Coast Guard (USCG) is at all times a branch of the United States armed forces a maritime law enforcement agency, and a federal regulatory body. ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... The RCAF Roundel is based on that of the British Royal Air Force with a maple leaf, a symbol of Canada in the centre. ... “RAF” redirects here. ...

Returning to civilian service after the war, the Goose found use from the wilderness of Alaska to the sunny climes of Catalina. Official language(s) English[1] Spoken language(s) English 85. ... Avalon Bay is a beautiful bay on Catalina Island. ...

A total of 345 were built, with about 60 still airworthy today, some of them in modified forms, such as the Turbo-Goose (see below).

Modifications

JRF-1 Goose

There were a number of modifications of the Goose, but the most numerous were those by McKinnon Enterprises, who made three different conversions. The first involved replacing the Goose's engines with two Lycoming GSO-480 piston engines. The second, named Turboprop Goose involved replacing the engines with two Pratt & Whitney PT6A turboprops. The third and final variant was the Turbo-Goose, which was based on the "Turboprop Goose" described above, but with larger windows, and retractable floats on the wings. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (3872x2592, 4788 KB)Ted Rufus Ross 22:59, 17 October 2006 (UTC) @ the Palm Springs air Museum I, the author of this work, hereby publish it under the following licenses: File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (3872x2592, 4788 KB)Ted Rufus Ross 22:59, 17 October 2006 (UTC) @ the Palm Springs air Museum I, the author of this work, hereby publish it under the following licenses: File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete... Components of a typical, four stroke cycle, DOHC piston engine. ... The PT6 is a turboprop aircraft engine manufactured by Pratt & Whitney Canada. ... A Turboprop or turboshaft engine is a type of gas turbine. ...

Antilles Seaplanes is to begin manufacture of new technology versions of the Grumman Goose in 2007.

Operators

Military operators

 Argentina

 Bolivia

 Brazil

 Canada

• Royal Canadian Air Force

 Cuba

 France

 Japan

 Paraguay

 Peru

• Peruvian Air Force

 Portugal

 Sweden

 United Kingdom

• Royal Air Force

 United States

• United States Army Air Corps
• United States Army Air Force
• United States Navy
• United States Coast Guard

Image File history File links Flag_of_Argentina. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Bolivia. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Brazil. ... Image File history File links Canadian_Red_Ensign_1921. ... The Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) was the air force of Canada from 1924 until 1968 when the three branches of the Canadian military were merged into the Canadian Forces. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Cuba. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Japan. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Paraguay. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Peru. ... The Peruvian Air Force (Spanish: Fuerza Aerea del Peru, or FAP) is the aviation branch of the armed forces of Peru. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Portugal. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Sweden. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom. ... “RAF” redirects here. ... Image File history File links US_flag_48_stars. ... It has been suggested that this article be split into multiple articles accessible from a disambiguation page. ... The United States Army Air Forces, or USAAF, was a part of the U.S. military during World War II. The direct precursor to the U.S. Air Force, the USAAF formally existed between 1941 and 1947. ... USN redirects here. ... USCG HH-65 Dolphin USCG HH-60J JayHawk The United States Coast Guard (USCG) is at all times a branch of the United States armed forces a maritime law enforcement agency, and a federal regulatory body. ...

Governmental operators

 United States

• United States Fish and Wildlife Service operated two aircraft.

Image File history File links US_flag_48_stars. ... The USFWS logo The United States Fish and Wildlife Service is a unit of the United States Department of the Interior that is dedicated to managing and preserving wildlife. ...

Civil operators

1942 Grumman Goose at Akutan, Alaska, operated by PenAir

 Australia

• Asiatic Petroleum

 Canada

• Air B.C.
• Almon Landair Ltd
• European Coastal Airways
• H.J. O'Connell Supplies
• Oakley Air Ltd Canada
• Pacific Coastal Airlines
• Sioux Narrows Airways
• West Coast Air Sevices

 Dutch East Indies

• Koninklijke Nederlandsch-Indische Luchtvaart Maatschappij

 Fiji

• Yaukuve Resort

 Iceland

• Loftleiðir

 Norway

 United States

• Aero Accessories Inc.
• Air Metal Fabricators
• Alaska Coastal Airlines
• Alaska Coastal-Ellis Airlines
• Alaska Fish and Game
• Amphib. Inc.
• Antilles Airboats
• Avalon Air Transport
• Baron Aviation
• Caribbean Clipper
• Catalina Air
• Catalina Channel Airlines
• Devcon Construction
• Flight Data Inc.
• Ford Motors
• Goose Aviation
• Gulf Oil
• Kodiak Airways
• Kodiak Western
• North Coast Aero
• Ozark Management
• PenAir
• SouthEast Skyways
• Superior Oil
• Teufel Nursuries
• Tuthill Corporation
• Virgin Islands Seaplane Shuttle
• Waterlines Ltd
• Webber Airlines

Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Akutan is a city located in Aleutians East Borough, Alaska. ... Peninsula Airways, usually called PenAir, (IATA: KS, ICAO: PEN, and Callsign: Peninsula) is an airline based in Anchorage, Alaska, USA. Founded in 1955 by pilot Orin Seybert of Pilot Point, it is Alaskas largest commuter airline, operating both passenger and cargo service, primarily in the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Pacific Coastal Airlines is a commuter airline based in Vancouver, Canada, that serves communities on the southern British Columbia coast and on Vancouver Island. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Netherlands. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Koninklijke Nederlandsch-Indische Luchtvaart Maatschappij (KNILM, in English Royal Dutch East Indies Airways) is the former airline of the Dutch East Indies. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Fiji. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Iceland. ... Loftleiðir was a private Icelandic airline. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Norway. ... Image File history File links US_flag_48_stars. ... 2002 Ford Fiesta in the UK. The Ford Motor Company (sometimes nicknamed Fords or FoMoCo, (NYSE: F) is an automobile maker founded by Henry Ford in Detroit, Michigan, and incorporated on June 16, 1903. ... Gulf Oil was a major global oil company from the 1900s to the 1980s. ... Peninsula Airways, usually called PenAir, (IATA: KS, ICAO: PEN, and Callsign: Peninsula) is an airline based in Anchorage, Alaska, USA. Founded in 1955 by pilot Orin Seybert of Pilot Point, it is Alaskas largest commuter airline, operating both passenger and cargo service, primarily in the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian... Superior Oil Company (1921–1984) was an independent American oil company that is now part of ExxonMobil. ...

Specifications (JRF Goose)

General characteristics

• Crew: two
• Length: 38 ft 4 in (11.7 m)
• Wingspan: 49 ft (14.9 m)
• Height: 12 ft (3.7 m)
• Wing area: 375 ft² (34.8 m²)
• Empty weight: 5,571 lb (2,527 kg)
• Loaded weight: 7,200 lb (3,273 kg)
• Max takeoff weight: 8,200 lb (3,720 kg)
• Powerplant: 2× Pratt & Whitney Wasp Junior SB-2 air-cooled radials, 450 hp (340 kW) each

Performance

• Maximum speed: 184 mph (296 km/h)
• Range: 1,050 mi (1,690 km)
• Service ceiling: 21,000 ft (6,400 m)
• Rate of climb: 1,240 ft/min (380 m/min)
• Wing loading: 21.9 lb/ft² (106.9 kg/m²)
• Power/mass: 0.11 hp/lb (0.18 kW/kg)

Armament

• 2 x .50-cal machine guns
• 2 x 250-lb depth charges

The distance AB is the wing span of this Aer Lingus Airbus A320. ... In aviation, the Maximum Take-Off Weight (or MTOW) is the maximum weight with which an aircraft is allowed to try to achieve flight. ... Pratt & Whitney is an American aircraft engine manufacturer whose products are widely used in both civil and military aircraft. ... The Pratt & Whitney R-985 Wasp Junior was an engine widely used in American aircraft starting in the 1930s. ... Engine cooling is the process of cooling an engine by using either air or liquid. ... A radial is a line drawn along a vector. ... VNO of an aircraft is the V speed which refers to the velocity of normal operation. ... The maximal total range is the distance an aircraft can fly between takeoff and landing, as limited by fuel capacity in powered aircraft, or cross-country speed and environmental conditions in unpowered aircraft. ... In aeronautics, the service ceiling is the maximum density altitude where the best rate of climb airspeed will produce a 100 feet per minute climb(twin engine) and 50 feet(single engine) at maximum weight while in a clean configuration with maximum continuous power. ... This page is a candidate to be moved to Wiktionary. ... In aerodynamics, wing loading is the loaded weight of the aircraft divided by the area of the wing. ... Power-to-weight ratio is a measure commonly used when comparing various vehicles (or engines), including automobiles, motorcycles and aircraft. ... A machine gun is a fully-automatic firearm that is capable of firing bullets in rapid succession. ... Depth Charge used by U.S. Navy later in World War II The depth charge is the oldest anti-submarine weapon. ...

Popular culture

• In Jimmy Buffett's first novel, Where is Joe Merchant?, protagonist Frank Bama owned and operated a rebuilt Grumman Goose dubbed the Hemisphere Dancer. (The actual Hemisphere Dancer is a Grumman Albatross that belongs to Buffett and is now the centerpiece for his Margaritaville Cafe restaurant in Orlando, FL).
• The Goose is prominent on the 1980s series, "Tales of the Gold Monkey," a TV series starring Stephen Collins, inspired by the movie Only Angels Have Wings.

Jimmy Buffett (born James William Buffett on December 25, 1946, in Pascagoula, Mississippi) is a singer, songwriter, author, businessman, and recently a film producer best known for his island escapism lifestyle and music including hits such as Margaritaville (No. ... Grumman HU-16E The Grumman HU-16 Albatross, is a large, twin-radial-engine amphibious flying boat. ... For the Jimmy Buffett song Margaritaville, see: Margaritaville. ... Tales of the Gold Monkey was a 1982 television show broadcast by ABC. The networks attempt to capitalize on the fame of the movie Raiders of the Lost Ark the previous year featured an ex-Flying Tigers Indiana Jones-like operator of an air cargo delivery service named Jake... Only Angels Have Wings is also a song by Renaissance Only Angels Have Wings (1939) is a movie directed by Howard Hawks, starring Cary Grant and Jean Arthur. ...

References

• Thruelsen, Richard. The Grumman Story. New York: Praeger Publishers, Inc., 1976. ISBN 0-275-54260-2.
• Winchester, Jim, ed. "Grumman Goose/Mallard." Biplanes, Triplanes and Seaplanes (The Aviation Factfile). Rochester, Kent, UK: Grange Books plc, 2004. ISBN 1-84013-641-3.

External links

• G-21 History Page at Antilles Seaplanes
• grummangoose.com
• Grumman Goose at the Smithsonian
• Information and listing of many Geese.

Related content

Related development

• Grumman Widgeon

The Grumman G-44 Widgeon is a small, six-person, twin-engine amphibious aircraft. ...

Designation sequence

Grumman

G21 - G35 - G58 F4F-3 Wildcat of Lt. ... The Grumman F8F Bearcat (affectionately called Bear) was the companys final piston engined fighter aircraft. ...

US Navy

JF - J2F - XJ3F - J4F Duck was the name of two related amphibious biplanes built by Grumman: the JF Duck the J2F Duck This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Duck was the name of two related amphibious biplanes built by Grumman: the JF Duck the J2F Duck This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... The Grumman G-44 Widgeon is a small, six-person, twin-engine amphibious aircraft. ...

US Air Force

OA-1 - OA-9 - OA-12 - OA-13 - OA-14 - OA-15 - SA-16 The Sikorsky S-43 was an eighteen place twin engine amphibian. ... Duck was the name of two related amphibious biplanes built by Grumman: the JF Duck the J2F Duck This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... The Grumman G-44 Widgeon is a small, six-person, twin-engine amphibious aircraft. ... // Republic RC-3 Seabee Designed as a fun, inexpensive all-metal amphibious aircraft, the Republic RC-3 Seabee is a unique example of early post-war civilian aircraft. ... Grumman HU-16E The Grumman HU-16 Albatross, is a large, twin radial engine amphibious flying boat. ...

Related lists

• List of seaplanes and flying boats

See also