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Guanajuato
Location
Statistics
Capital	Guanajuato
Largest City	León
Area	30,491 km² Ranked 22nd
Population (2005 census)	4,893,812 Ranked 6th
HDI (2004)	0.7662 - medium Ranked 22nd
Governor (2006-2012)	Juan Manuel Oliva Ramirez (PAN)
Federal Deputies	PAN: 14
Federal Senators	Humberto Andrade Quezada (PAN) Luis Alberto Villarreal García (PAN) Francisco Arroyo Vieyra (PRI)
ISO 3166-2 Postal Abbr.	MX-GUA Gto.

'Guanajuato' is a state in the central highlands of Mexico. It shares its name with its capital city, Guanajuato, Guanajuato. Guanajuato means "place of frogs" in the local indigenous language, because the local Tarascan Indians believed that the frog represented the god of wisdom. Guanajuato is the home state of Mexico's former president, Vicente Fox Quesada, and famous Mexican artist Diego Rivera. Image File history File links Unbalanced_scales. ... Image File history File links Escudo_de_Guanajuato. ... Image File history File links Mapaguanajuato. ... A view of downtown Guanajuato from one of its many hills. ... Calle Madero Plaza de los Leones Arco de la Calzada The city of León – officially named León de los Aldama – is the fifth most populous city in Mexico and the largest city in the state of Guanajuato; it is also the seat of León municipality. ... Square kilometre (US spelling: Square kilometer), symbol km², is an SI unit of surface area. ... Political division of Mexico The following table presents a listing of Mexicos 31 federal states (and its Federal District, officially not a state), ranked in order of their surface area. ... Political division of Mexico The following table presents a listing of Mexicos 31 federal states (and its Federal District, officially not a state), ranked in order of their total population (per year 2000 census data from INEGI). ... The UN Human Development Index (HDI) measures poverty, literacy, education, life expectancy, and other factors. ... States of Mexico The following table presents a listing of Mexicos 31 federal states (and its Federal District, officially not a state), ranked in order of their Human Development Index, as reported by the United Nations in 2004. ... The United Mexican States ( Mexico) is a federal republic comprising 31 states and one federal district (the Mexican Federal District, or Distrito Federal). ... Juan Manuel Oliva Ramírez is a Mexican politician affiliated to the National Action Party (PAN) who is currenlty running as the PAN candidate to Governor of Guanajuato. ... The Chamber of Deputies (Spanish: Cámara de Diputados) is the lower house of Mexicos bicameral legislature, the Congress of the Union. ... The National Action Party (Spanish: Partido Acción Nacional), known by the acronym PAN, is a conservative and Christian Democratic party and one of the three main political parties in Mexico. ... The Senate (Spanish: Cámara de Senadores or Senado) is the upper house of Mexicos bicameral Congress. ... Luis Alberto Villarreal García (b. ... The Institutional Revolutionary Party (Spanish: Partido Revolucionario Institucional or PRI) is a Mexican political party that wielded hegemonic power in the country—under a succession of names—for more than 70 years. ... ISO 3166-2 is the second part of the ISO 3166 standard. ... A view of downtown Guanajuato from one of its many hills. ... Vicente Fox Quesada (born July 2, 1942) is the current president of Mexico. ... Diego Rivera (December 8, 1886 – November 24, 1957), (full name Diego María de la Concepción Juan Nepomuceno Estanislao de la Rivera y Barrientos Acosta y Rodríguez) was a Mexican painter and muralist born in Guanajuato City, Guanajuato. ...

After central Mexico and the Gulf of Mexico coast, Guanajuato was one of the first areas of Mexico colonized by the Spanish, in the 1520s, for its rich silver deposits. Guanajuato's colonial architecture is very well preserved along with over 35 old churches in its capital alone, and is very European in nature. Gulf of Mexico in 3D perspective. ... ... General Name, Symbol, Number silver, Ag, 47 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 11, 5, d Appearance lustrous white metal Atomic mass 107. ...

Today, Guanajuato's mines are still among the richest-producing silver mines in the world (historically one of the largest). The state also produces tin, gold, copper, lead, mercury, and opals. Guanajuato also leads the nation in shoe production and various farm products such as lettuce and potatoes. Main export products: Motor vehicles and autoparts, footwear, leather goods, chemicals, electric machinery and materials, fruits and vegetables. General Name, Symbol, Number tin, Sn, 50 Chemical series poor metals Group, Period, Block 14, 5, p Appearance silvery lustrous gray Atomic mass 118. ... General Name, Symbol, Number gold, Au, 79 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 11, 6, d Appearance metallic yellow Atomic mass 196. ... General Name, Symbol, Number copper, Cu, 29 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 11, 4, d Appearance metallic pinkish red Atomic mass 63. ... For PB or pb as an abbreviation, see PB. General Name, Symbol, Number lead, Pb, 82 Chemical series poor metals Group, Period, Block 14, 6, p Appearance bluish gray Atomic mass 207. ... General Name, Symbol, Number mercury, Hg, 80 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 12, 6, d Appearance silvery Atomic mass 200. ... For other articles with similar names, see Opal (disambiguation). ...

In addition to the state capital city of Guanajuato, the state includes the cities of San Luis de la Paz, Acámbaro, Celaya, León, Salamanca, Irapuato, San Miguel de Allende, Salvatierra—the first city of Guanajuato, Cortazar, Tarimoro, and Dolores Hidalgo, the cradle of Mexican independence. The firsts inhabitants of this zone belonged to the Chupícua culture, one of the most ancient in Mesoamerica: their origin is estimated to from 1,200 B.C. In this region there have been valuable archaeological finds of ceramic of incredible beauty that are now exhibited at the local... Celaya is a city in the state of Guanajuato, Mexico, located at . ... Calle Madero Plaza de los Leones Arco de la Calzada The city of León – officially named León de los Aldama – is the fifth most populous city in Mexico and the largest city in the state of Guanajuato; it is also the seat of León municipality. ... Salamanca is an industrial city the Mexican state of Guanajuato. ... Main square of Irapuato Irapuato is a city in the Mexican state of Guanajuato, lying on the Irapuato River, a tributary of the Lerma River. ... Panoramic view of San Miguel de Allende. ... Salvatierra is one of the 46 municipios in the Mexican state of Guanajuato. ... Julio Cortázar (August 26, 1914 - February 12, 1984) was an Argentine intellectual and author of several experimental novels and many short stories. ... Tarimoro is one of the 46 municipios in the state of Guanajuato. ... Dolores Hidalgo is a small city in the Mexican state of Guanajuato. ...

The first populist uprising in Mexican history resulted in a march from Dolores Hidalgo upon the capital of the state and the subsequent burning of the granary which held all the "gachupines" (approximately 500 men, women and children from Spain or of pure Spanish descent) by peasants of pure Amerindian or mixed (Mestizo) descent who had been put to work in very harsh conditions. Populism is a political ideology or rhetorical style that holds that the common person is oppressed by the elite in society, which exists only to serve its own interests, and therefore, the instruments of the State need to be grasped from this self-serving elite and instead used for the... Dolores Hidalgo is a small city in the Mexican state of Guanajuato. ... Native Americans (also Indians, Aboriginal Peoples, American Indians, First Nations, Alaskan Natives, or Indigenous Peoples of America) are the indigenous inhabitants of The Americas prior to the European colonization, and their modern descendants. ... Mestizo (Portuguese, Mestiço; French, Métis: from Late Latin mixticius, from Latin mixtus, past participle of miscere, to mix) is a term of Spanish origin used to designate people of mixed European and indigenous non-European ancestry. ...

Guanajuato, Guanajuato

According to some historians, this incident (seen as a horrifying caste revolt) provided the incentive for the ruling class of New Spain to declare its independence from Spain in order to keep the caste system intact, thereby rejecting moderate concessions to the lower classes that had been a part of the original upper class platform for revolting. Subsequently, it would take another 100 years (1910) until the next populist revolution would occur and actually take hold creating the first socialist country in the world pre-dating the Bolsheviks by seven years. Some historians do not, however, relate the two uprisings or agree that the granary's burning had a significant effect on Mexican independence from Spain. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2832x2128, 2000 KB) Aerial view of Guanajuato, Mexico File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Guanajuato Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2832x2128, 2000 KB) Aerial view of Guanajuato, Mexico File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Guanajuato Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera... A view of downtown Guanajuato from one of its many hills. ... Caste systems are traditional, hereditary systems of social stratification, enforced by law or common practice, based on classifications such as occupation, race, ethnicity, etc. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Bolshevik Party Meeting. ...

The state of Guanajuato accounts for more than its proportional share of economic migrations of workers to the United States and Canada. Among the areas favored by migrants from this part of Mexico are the U.S. cities of Dallas, Texas, Corpus Christi, Texas, Evanston, Illinois, and Los Angeles, California. An economic migrant is a person who voluntarily leaves his or her country of origin for economic reasons. ... Nickname: Big D Location in the state of Texas Country United States State Texas Counties Dallas, Collin, Denton, Kaufman, and Rockwall Incorporated 2 February 1856  - Mayor Laura Miller Area    - City  385. ... Nickname: Sparkling City by the Sea Location in the state of Texas Counties Nueces County Mayor Henry Garrett Area    - City 1,192. ... Incorporated City in 1872. ... Nickname: City of Angels Location within Los Angeles County in the state of California Coordinates: State California County Los Angeles County Incorporated April 4, 1850  - Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa Area    - City  498. ...

Geography

The state of Guanajuato borders the states of San Luis Potosí, Querétaro, Michoacán, and Jalisco. It has an area of 30,589 km² (about 11,800 square miles). In the 2005 census, the state had a population of 4,893,812 people. The literacy rate stands at about 88 percent. The Mexican state of San Luis Potosí has an area of 62,848 km² (24,266 mi²). It is in the north-central part of the Mexican republic, bordered by the states of Jalisco, Guanajuato, Querétaro, Hidalgo, Veracruz, Tamaulipas, Nuevo León, Coahuila, and Zacatecas. ... Querétaro (formal name: Querétaro de Arteaga) is a state in central Mexico. ... Michoacán de Ocampo (From michamacuan, Nahuatl for the place of the fishermen) is one of the 31 constituent states of Mexico. ... Jalisco is one of the states of the United Mexican States (Mexico). ...

Guanajuato is located in the very center of Mexico, about three and half-hours from Mexico City, and its capital city is one of Mexico's most famous tourist spots.

Government and politics

The Constitution of the State of Guanajuato provides that the government of Guanajuato, like the government of every other state in Mexico, consists of three powers: the executive, the legislative and the judiciary. The Constitution of the State of Guanajuato (Spanish: Constitución Política del Estado de Guanajuato) is the document that describes the structure and function of the government of the State of Guanajuato. ... Political power (imperium in Latin) is a type of power held by a person or group in a society. ... A legislature is a type of representative deliberative assembly with the power to adopt laws. ... The Politics series Politics Portal This box:      In law, the judiciary or judicial is the system of courts which administer justice in the name of the sovereign or state, a mechanism for the resolution of disputes. ...

Executive power rests in the Governor of Guanajuato, who is directly elected by the citizens, using a secret ballot, to a 6-year term with no possibility of reelection. Legislative power rests in the Congress of Guanajuato which is a unicameral legislature composed of 36 deputies. Judicial power is invested in the Superior Court of Justice of Guanajuato. This is a list of the governors of the Mexican state of Guanajuato since 1917. ... The Congress of the State of Guanajuato (aka Congress of Guanajuato) is the legislative branch of the government of the State of Guanajuato. ... Unicameralism is the practice of having only one legislative or parliamentary chamber. ...

The last Local elections in Guanajuato were held on July 2, 2006. A local election is scheduled to be held in the State of Guanajuato on Sunday, July 2, 2006. ... July 2 is the 183rd day of the year (184th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 182 days remaining. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ...

Municipalities

See Main article: Municipalities of Guanajuato

The State of Guanajuato is divided into 46 municipalities, each headed by a municipal president (mayor). Municipalities are named after the city that serves as municipal seat; e.g. the municipial seat of the Municipality of Guanajuato is the City of Guanajuato. The Mexican state of Guanajuato is divided into 46 municipalities (municipios): Categories: Lists of municipalities of Mexico | Mexican states ... A presidente municipal (Spanish for municipal president) is the chief of government of municipios in Mexico. ...

Major communities

• Acámbaro
• Celaya
• Cortazar
• Dolores Hidalgo
• Guanajuato
• Irapuato
• León
• Salamanca
• San Francisco del Rincón
• San Miguel de Allende
• Silao
• Valle de Santiago

The firsts inhabitants of this zone belonged to the Chupícua culture, one of the most ancient in Mesoamerica: their origin is estimated to from 1,200 B.C. In this region there have been valuable archaeological finds of ceramic of incredible beauty that are now exhibited at the local... Celaya is a city in the state of Guanajuato, Mexico, located at . ... Dolores Hidalgo is a small city in the Mexican state of Guanajuato. ... A view of downtown Guanajuato from one of its many hills. ... Main square of Irapuato Irapuato is a city in the Mexican state of Guanajuato, lying on the Irapuato River, a tributary of the Lerma River. ... Calle Madero Plaza de los Leones Arco de la Calzada The city of León – officially named León de los Aldama – is the fifth most populous city in Mexico and the largest city in the state of Guanajuato; it is also the seat of León municipality. ... Salamanca is an industrial city the Mexican state of Guanajuato. ... San Francisco del Rincón is city in the in the state of Guanajuato, Mexico. ... Panoramic view of San Miguel de Allende. ... Silao is a city in the state of Guanajuato in Mexico. ... Valle de Santiago is a city in the south of the Mexican state of Guanajuato. ...

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Guanajuato

• (English) Encyclopaedia Britannica Guanajuato (full access article)
• (Spanish) (English) (French) Guanajuato: Governmental portal
• (Spanish) Guanajuato Travel: Official tourist information about the state
• (English) BBCNews.com Photojournal: El Gusano, a living ghost town
• (Spanish) (English) (French) Guanajuatocapital.com: A website about the city
• (English) [1]: Detailed map of Guanajuato and list of its cities

Coordinates: 20°53′01″N, 101°00′54″W Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...