Categories: Biochemistry stubs | Nucleotides | Organophosphates Nucleosides are glycosylamines made by attaching a nucleobase (often reffered to simply as bases) to a ribose ring. ... A nucleotide is a chemical compound that consists of a heterocyclic base, a sugar, and one or more phosphate groups. ... The general structure of a section of DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a nucleic acid —usually in the form of a double helix— that contains the genetic instructions specifying the biological development of all cellular forms of life, and most viruses. ... Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a nucleic acid polymer consisting of covalently bound nucleotides. ... Oligonucleotides are short sequences of nucleotides (RNA or DNA), typically with twenty or fewer base pairs. ... Schematic diagram of a double-stranded nucleic acid. ... Adenine Guanine Thymine Cytosine ... Adenine is one of the two purine nucleobases used in forming nucleotides of the nucleic acids DNA and RNA. In DNA, adenine (A) binds to thymine (T) via two hydrogen bonds to assist in stabilizing the nucleic acid structures. ... For the similarly-spelled vitamin compound, see Thiamine Thymine, also known as 5-methyluracil, is a pyrimidine nucleobase. ... Uracil is a common naturally occurring pyrimidine1. ... Guanine is one of the five main nucleobases found in the nucleic acids DNA and RNA; the others being adenine, cytosine, thymine, and uracil. ... Cytosine is one of the 5 main nucleobases used in storing and transporting genetic information within a cell in the nucleic acids DNA and RNA. It is a pyrimidine derivative, with a heterocyclic aromatic ring and two substituents attached (an amine group at position 4 and a keto group at... Purine is a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound, consisting of a pyrimidine ring fused to an imidazole ring. ... Pyrimidine is a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound similar to benzene and pyridine, containing two nitrogen atoms at positions 1 and 3 of the six-member ring. ... Nucleosides are glycosylamines made by attaching a nucleobase (often reffered to simply as bases) to a ribose ring. ... The chemical structure of adenosine Adenosine is a nucleoside comprised of adenine attached to a ribose (ribofuranose) moiety via a β-N9-glycosidic bond. ... Uridine is a molecule (known as a nucleoside) that is formed when uracil is attached to a ribose ring (also known as a ribofuranose) via a β-N1-glycosidic bond. ... The chemical structure of Guanosine Guanosine is a nucleoside comprising guanine attached to a ribose (ribofuranose) ring via a β-N9-glycosidic bond. ... Cytidine is a molecule (known as a nucleoside) that is formed when cytosine is attached to a ribose ring (also known as a ribofuranose) via a β-N1-glycosidic bond. ... The chemical structure of adenosine Adenosine is a nucleoside formed when adenine is attached to a ribose ring (also known as a ribofuranose) via a β-N9-glycosidic bond. ... Deoxythymidine is a molecule (known as a nucleoside) that is formed when thymine is attached to a deoxyribose ring (also known as a deoxyribofuranose) via a β-N1-glycosidic bond. ... Guanosine is a molecule (known as a nucleoside) that is formed when guanine is attached to a ribose ring (also known as a ribofuranose) via a β-N9-glycosidic bond. ... Cytidine is a molecule (known as a nucleoside) that is formed when cytosine is attached to a ribose ring (also known as a ribofuranose) via a β-N1-glycosidic bond. ... A nucleotide is a chemical compound that consists of a heterocyclic base, a sugar, and one or more phosphate groups. ... Adenosine monophosphate, also known as 5-adenylic acid and abbreviated AMP, is a nucleotide that is found in RNA. It is an ester of phosphoric acid with the nucleoside adenosine. ... Uridine monophosphate, also known as 5-uridylic acid and abbreviated UMP, is a nucleotide that is found in RNA. It is an ester of phosphoric acid with the nucleoside uridine. ... Cytidine monophosphate, also known as 5-cytidylic acid and abbreviated CMP, is a nucleotide that is found in RNA. It is an ester of phosphoric acid with the nucleoside cytidine. ... Adenosine diphosphate, abbreviated ADP, is a nucleotide. ... Uridine diphosphate, abbreviated UDP, is a nucleotide. ... Cytidine diphosphate, abbreviated CDP, is a nucleotide. ... Adenosine 5-triphosphate (ATP) is a multifunctional nucleotide primarily known in biochemistry as the molecular currency of intracellular energy transfer. ... Adenosine 5-triphosphate (ATP) is a multifunctional nucleotide primarily known in biochemistry as the molecular currency of intracellular energy transfer. ... Guanosine triphosphate (GTP) is also known as guanosine-5-triphosphate. ... Adenosine 5-triphosphate (ATP) is a multifunctional nucleotide primarily known in biochemistry as the molecular currency of intracellular energy transfer. ... Structure of cAMP Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP, cyclic AMP or 3-5-cyclic adenosine monophosphate) is a molecule that is important in many biological processes; it is derived from adenosine triphosphate (ATP). ... Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) is a second messenger derived from GTP. Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) is a cyclic nucleotide derived from guanosine triphosphate (GTP). ... A nucleotide is a monomer or the structural unit of nucleotide chains forming nucleic acids as RNA and DNA. A nucleotide consists of a heterocyclic nucleobase, a pentose sugar, and a phosphate or polyphosphate group. ... Thymidine monophosphate, also known as 5-thymidylic acid and abbreviated TMP, is a nucleotide that is found in RNA. It is an ester of phosphoric acid with the nucleoside thymidine. ... Cytidine is a molecule (known as a nucleoside) that is formed when cytosine is attached to a ribose ring (also known as a ribofuranose) via a β-N1-glycosidic bond. ... Thymidine diphosphate, abbreviated TDP, is a nucleotide. ... www. ... Schematic diagram of a double-stranded nucleic acid. ... The general structure of a section of DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a nucleic acid —usually in the form of a double helix— that contains the genetic instructions specifying the biological development of all cellular forms of life, and most viruses. ... Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA, or less popularly, mDNA) is DNA that is located in mitochondria. ... In genetics, complementary DNA (cDNA) is DNA synthesized from a mature mRNA template. ... GNA is glycol nucleic acid, a chemical similar to DNA or RNA but differing in the composition of its backbone. ... Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a nucleic acid polymer consisting of covalently bound nucleotides. ... The life cycle of an mRNA in a eukaryotic cell. ... Transfer RNA (abbreviated tRNA) is a small RNA chain (74-93 nucleotides) that transfers a specific amino acid to a growing polypeptide chain at the ribosomal site of protein synthesis during translation. ... A non-coding RNA (ncRNA) is any RNA molecule that functions without being translated into a protein. ... It has been suggested that noncoding RNA be merged into this article or section. ... A short hairpin RNA (shRNA) is a sequence of RNA that makes a tight hairpin turn that can be used in gene expression silence. ... Small interfering RNA (siRNA), sometimes known as short interfering RNA, are a class of 20-25 nucleotide-long RNA molecules that interfere with the expression of genes. ... A non-coding RNA (ncRNA) is any RNA molecule that functions without being translated into a protein. ... In genetics, a miRNA (micro-RNA) is a form of single-stranded RNA which is typically 20-25 nucleotides long, and is thought to regulate the expression of other genes. ... A non-coding RNA (ncRNA) is any RNA molecule that functions without being translated into a protein. ... A locked nucleic acid (LNA) is a modified RNA nucleotide. ... PNA is peptide nucleic acid, a chemical similar to DNA or RNA but differing in the composition of its backbone. ... TNA is threose nucleic acid, a chemical similar to DNA or RNA but differing in the composition of its backbone. ... Oligonucleotides are short sequences of nucleotides (RNA or DNA), typically with twenty or fewer base pairs. ...