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Guelph (2003 population 115,872, metropolitan population 138,975) is a city located in southwestern Ontario, Canada, roughly 100 kilometres west of downtown Toronto along Ontario provincial highway 401.
Guelph is also notable for its indie rock scene, which has spawned some of Canada's most important indie bands, including King Cobb Steelie, Royal City, and The Constantines.
Guelph's current population is estimated to be around 117,000 (census figures have the population close to 116,000) and is projected to have a population around 153,000 by the year 2027.
The names "Guelph" and "Ghibelline" appear to have originated in Germany, in the rivalry between the house of Welf (Dukes of Bavaria) and the house of Hohenstaufen (Dukes of Swabia), whose ancestral castle was Waiblingen in Franconia.
The intervention of Boniface VIII in the politics of Tuscany, when the predominant Guelphs of Florence split into two new factions, was the cause of Dante's exile (1301), and drove him for a while into the ranks of the Ghibellines.
From the death of Frederick II (1250) to the election of Henry VII (1308), the imperial throne was regarded by the Italians as vacant.
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