The Italian painter Giovanni Francesco Barbieri (1591—1666) known as Guercino, was born at Cento, a village not far from Bologna. His artistic prowess developed very rapidly, and at the age of seventeen he was associated with Benedetto Gennari, a well-known painter of the Bolognese school. The fame of the young painter spread beyond his native village, and in 1615 he moved to Bologna, where his paintings were much admired.
His first style was formed after that of the Caracci; but the strong colouring and shadows employed by Caravaggio made a deep impression on his mind, and for a considerable period his productions showed evident traces of that painter’s influence. Some of his later pieces approach rather to the manner of his great contemporary Guido, and are painted with more lightness and clearness. Guercino was esteemed very highly in his lifetime, not only by the nobles and princes of Italy, but by his brother artists, who placed him in the first rank of painters.
He was remarkable for the extreme rapidity of his execution; he completed no fewer than 106 large altar-pieces for churches, and his other paintings amount to about 144. His most famous piece is thought to be the St. Petronilla Altarpiece, which was painted at Rome for Gregory XV. In 1626 he began his frescoes in the Duomo at Piacenza. Guercino continued to paint and teach up to the time of his death in 1666. He had amassed a handsome fortune by his labours.
Guercino's earliest paintings are in an intensely dramatic Baroque style, but, by the mid-1620s, he had developed a classicizing manner.
Guercino was born February 2, 1591 in Cento, a small town in the Italian region of Emilia, located about halfway between Bologna and Ferrara.
Whatever the dynamics of their association, Guercino's respect for his assistants is revealed by the fact that, in opposition to usual practice at the time, he did not appropriate any income that they earned from executing works independently.
Giovanni Francesco Barberi was nicknamed Guercino because he was guercio,or cross-eyed.
Guercino ran his Cento studio until 1642, when Guido Reni, who had loathed him, died.
A previous owner has noted "Guercino" as the author of this drawing, in which St. Peter watches as St. Thomas reaches around from the right to insert his left hand into the wound in Christ's side at Jesus' command so that he might not perish through his unbelief.
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